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Current concepts in the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases in Nigeria—A review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

F. Fasanmi  and
V. C. Onyima
F. Fasanmi
Affiliation:
Animal Health, Federal Department of Livestock and Pest Control Services, P.M.B. 135, Abuja, Nigeria
V. C. Onyima
Affiliation:
Epidemiology Branch, Federal Department of Livestock and Pest Control Services, P.M.B. 2012, Kaduna, Nigeria
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Abstract

Nigeria livestock population is estimated at about 12.3 M cattle, 9 M sheep, 23 M goats, and 1 M pigs distributed nation-wide, but with over 90% in the savannah zones in the country. Ticks and tick-borne diseases are endemic although incidence rate varies with seasons and livestock concentration. Ixodid ticks of the genera Amblyomma, Boophilus, Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus are of the greatest economic importance in livestock production in Nigeria. Control measures have been based mainly on dipping and spraying with acaricides, although a lot of management problems have characterized the drive towards effective tick control.

There is as yet no research centre for ticks and tick-borne diseases in Nigeria. Much of the work being done is carried out at the Veterinary Faculties of five Nigerian universities at Nsukka, Ibadan, Zaria, Sokoto and Maiduguri. A proper epidemiological base line data is still needed in the formulation of effective control measures. Economic losses, attributable to ticks and tick-borne diseases in Nigeria run into several millions of Naira per annum.

An Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach is considered a long term option for effective tick control in Nigeria.

Résumé

Au Nigéria, il y a environs 12.3 M de bétail, 9 M de moutons, 2.3 M de chèvres, et 1 M de porcins. Ils sont trouvés partout dans le pays mais plus que 90% d'eux sont concentrés dans les régions Savanes. Des tiques aussi que des maladies dont elles ont rapport sont endemiques bien que l'occurrence soit determiné par les saisons aussi que la population de bétail. Tique ixodide de l'espèce Amblyomma, Boophilus, Hyalomma et Rhipicephalus, tiennent le plus grand compte en ce qui concerne la production du bétail au Nigéria. Les mésures prises contre ces maladies sont la pulverisation, et de baigner les animaux dans un bain parasiticide bien qu'il y ait beaucoup de problèmes administratifs dans la tentation de les maitriser effectivement.

Jusque maintenant, il y a aucun centre du recherche sur le sujet des tiques au Nigéria. Les endroits où on fait ce qu'on peut sur ce sujet sont les universités nigérianes situées à Nsukka, à Ibadan, à Zaria, à Sokoto, et à Maiduguri. Pour bien maitriser les tiques, il nous faut des informations epidemiologiques de base. Des pertes economiques imputées aux tiques s'élèvent à des millions de Naira par an. Pour aborder le problème une administration integrée contre les pestes sera un choix durant.

Keywords

Tickstick-borne diseasesintegrated pest management
Type
Field Situation Reports
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 13 , Special Issue 4: Status and Recent Advances in Tick Management in Africa , August 1992 , pp. 615 - 619
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1992

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