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Dispersion pattern of adults and vertical distribution of larvae of Smicronyx guineanus Voss and Smicronyx umbrinus Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth (Scrophulariaceae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Doulaye Traore ,
Charles Vincent  and
Robin K. Stewart
Doulaye Traore
Affiliation:
Institut d'Études et de Recherches Agricoles (I.N.E.R.A.), 03 B.P. 7192 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso, West Africa
Charles Vincent*
Affiliation:
Centre de Recherches et de Développement en Horticulture Agriculture et Agro-Alimentaire Canada, 430 Boul. Gouin, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Qué. Canada J3B 3E6
Robin K. Stewart
Affiliation:
Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
*
* Corresponding author.
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Abstract

Populations of adults of Smicronyx guineanus Voss and Smicronyx umbrinus Hustache were sampled on the witchweed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth, in Burkina Faso. Samples were taken at four localities in 1991 and at one locality in 1992 and 1993 using a Univac portable suction sampler, beginning at emergence time of the adult weevils, to assess their dispersion patterns and the optimum sample size for Smicronyx. Sampling was done weekly by placing the 60-mm-diameter suction cone on a Striga plant until it was about 5 cm above the ground. Smicronyx adults on S. hermonthica were aggregated. A sample size of 20 and 126 units provided a 25 and 10% precision level respectively at six Smicronyx adults per sampling unit. A chart was designed which could be useful for determining the level of precision attainable at various densities of Smicronyx adults for sampling and monitoring programmes. Larval vertical distribution of Smicronyx was described. Striga plants were stratified with respect to distance from the base and categories were designated as upper, central and lower parts. Results indicated that Smicronyx larvae were located in the upper stratum of the witchweed where they made galls and destroyed large numbers of seeds.

Résumé

Des études ont été conduites dans des champs infestés de Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth pour échantillonner les adultes de Smicronyx guineanus Voss et Smicronyx umbrinus Hustache au Burkina Faso. Les échantillons ont été pris avec un aspirateur portable à insectes (Univac), dans quatre localités en 1991, une en 1992 et 1993 dès émergence des charançons afin de déterminer la distribution spatiale et de calculer la taille optimum d'échantillon. Une distribution groupée des adultes de Smicronyx a été observée sur S. hermonthica. Vingt unités d'échantillonnage ont procuré un niveau de précision sur la base de 6 spécimens d'insectes par unité. Un diagramme a été mis au point en tenant compte de la relation entre la densité et la degré de précision à des niveaux fixes. La distribution verticale des larves de Smicronyx a été décrite. Les plantes de Striga ont été divisées en trois catégories à partir de la base et désignées parties supérieure, centrale et inférieure. Les résultats indiquèrent que les larves du charançon étaient localisées dans la partie supérieure de la plante parasite où elles provoquaient des galles et détruisent ainsi de grandes quantités de graines.

Keywords

Smicronyx guineanusSmicronyx umbrinusStriga hermonthicadispersion patternssample sizevertical distributionBurkina FasoSmicronyx guineanusSmicronyx umbrinusStriga hermonthicadistribution spatialetaille optimum d'échantillondegré de précisiondistribution verticaleBurkina Faso
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 15 , Issue 4-5 , October 1994 , pp. 479 - 485
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1994

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