Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T14:36:42.472Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The distribution of Glossina species in Africa and their natural hosts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

S. K. Moloo
S. K. Moloo
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD), P. O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
Get access

Abstract

The distribution of 31 Glossina spp. and subspecies belonging to fusca, palpalis and morsitans groups is given for 38 African countries. The natural hosts of 17 tsetse species and subspecies from many areas within different regions of Africa are also given. These were collated from the results of both published and unpublished work, for the period 1953 to 1991 inclusive, comprising altogether 47, 697 bloodmeals. This review is aimed to provide current knowledge on the distribution as well as the natural hosts of tsetse.

Résumé

Cet article rapporte la distribution dans 38 pays Africains de 31 espèces et sous-espèces de glossines appartenant aux groupes fusca, palpalis et morsitans. Y sont égaletnent décrits les hôtes naturels de 17 espèces et sous-espèces de tsétsé dans diverses régions d'Afrique. Cette synthèse a été effectuée à partir de résultats publiés ou non publiés entre 1953 et 1991, comportant l'analyse de 47, 697 repas de sang. Cette revue a pour but de rapporter les données actuelles concernant la distribution et les hôtes naturels des mouches tsétsé.

Keywords

Glossinafuscapalpalismorsitansdistributionnatural hostsGlosssinafuscapalpalismorsitansdistributionhôtes naturels
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 14 , Issue 4 , August 1993 , pp. 511 - 527
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Baldry, D. A. T. (1964) Observations on a close association between Glossina tachinoides and domestic pigs near Nsukka, Eastern Nigeria. II. Ecology and trypanosome infection rates in G. tachinoides. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 58, 32–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baldry, D. A. T., Taze, Y. and Bushrod, F. M. (1985) Preliminary observations on the feeding habits of Glossina morsitans centralis Machado in Mumbwa District, Zambia. OAU/STRC Publication No. 112, 419–22.Google Scholar
Boreham, P. F. L. and Gill, G. S. (1973) Serological identification of reptile feeds of Glossina. Acta Trop. 30, 356–365.Google ScholarPubMed
Buxton, P. A. (1955) The Natural History of Tsetse Flies. H. K. Lewis & Co. Ltd., London.Google Scholar
Carter, R. M. (1906) Tsetse-fly in Arabia. Brit. Med. J. 2, 1393–1394.Google Scholar
Clarke, J. E. (1964) Game elimination as a means of tsetse control with special reference to host preferences. The PUKU 2, 67–75.Google Scholar
Connor, R. J. (1989) Final Report of the Regional Trypanosomiasis Expert. FGU-Kronberg Consulting and Engineering GmbH.Google Scholar
Connor, R. J. (1993) Regional Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Programme Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe: A Review of Animal Trypanosomiasis in the Common Fly-belt. FGU Consulting and Engineering GmbH.Google Scholar
Dagnogo, M., Lohuirignon, K. and Gouteux, J. P. (1985) Comportement alimentaire des populations peridomestiques de Glossina palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy) et de Glossina tachinoides Westwood du domaine guinen de Côte d'lvoire. Cah. ORSTOM ser. Entomol. med. Parasitol. 23, 3–8.Google Scholar
Dorst, J. and Dandelot, P. (1970) A Field Guide to the Larger Mammals of Africa. Collins, London.Google Scholar
Elsen, P., Amoudi, M. A. and Leclercq, M. (1990) First record of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead, 1910 and Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead, 1910 in southwestern Saudi Arabia. Ann. Soc. Belg. Med. Trop. 70, 281–287.Google ScholarPubMed
England, E. C. and Baldry, D. A. T. (1972) The hosts and trypanosome infection rates in Glossina pallidipes in the Lambwe and Roo valleys. Bull. WHO 47, 785–788.Google ScholarPubMed
Ford, J. (1970) The search for food. In The African Trypanosomiasis (Edited by Mulligan, H. W. and Potts, W. H.), George Allen and Unwin Ltd., London, pp. 298–304.Google Scholar
Ford, J. and Katondo, K. M. (1975) Revision of the Glossina distribution map. OAU/STRC Publication No. 109, 252–256.Google Scholar
Ford, J. and Katondo, K. M. (1977) Maps of tsetse flies (Glossina) distribution in Africa. 1973, according to sub-generic groups on scale of 1:5,000,000 (plus a set of 9 maps in colour). Bull. Anim. Hlth. Afr. 2, 187–193.Google Scholar
Gates, D. B. and Williamson, D. L. (1984) Tsetse fly feeding preference as determined by vehicular trapping in Tanzania. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 78, 301–306.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Glasgow, J. P., Isherwood, F., Lee-Jones, F. and Weitz, B. (1958) Factors influencing the staple food of tsetse flies. J. Anim. Ecol. 27, 59–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gouteux, J. P. (1987) Une nouvelle glossine du Congo: Glossina (Austenina) frezili sp. nov. (Diptera: Glossinidae). Trop. Med. Parasitol. 38, 97–100.Google ScholarPubMed
Gouteux, J. P. (1990) Current considerations on the distribution of Glossina in west and central Africa. Acta Trop. M, 185–187.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gouteux, J. P., Laveissiere, C. and Boreham, P. F. L. (1982) Ecologie des glossines en secteur pre-forestier de Côte d'lvoire 2. Les preferences trophiques de Glossinapalpalis sl. Cah. ORSTOM ser. Entomol. med. Parasitol. 20, 109–124.Google Scholar
Gruvel, J. (1975) Nutrition de Glossina tachinoides W. Rev. d'Elevai-e Med. Vet. Trop. 28, 49–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harley, J. M. B. and Jewell, G. R. (1958) The hosts of G. morsitans at Butambara, Tanganyika. EATRO Ann. Rep. 1956/57, pp. 55.Google Scholar
Isherwood, F., Duffy, B. J., Glasgow, J. P., Lee-Jones, F. and Weitz, B. (1961) Further studies of the food of tsetse flies. J. Anim. Ecol. 30, 259–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Itard, J., Jeannin, P. and Leak, S. G. A. (1984) Presence, au Gabon, de Glossinanashi Potts. 1955 (Diptera: Muscidae). C. R. Acad. Set. Paris. 298, 315–316.Google Scholar
Jordan, A. M. and Okoth, J. O. (1990) A record of Glossina medicorum Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) from Uganda. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 84, 423–126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jordan, A. M., Lee-Jones, F. and Weitz, B. (1961) The natural hosts of tsetse flies in the forest belt of Nigeria and the southern Cameroons. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 55, 167–179.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jordan, A. M., Lee-Jones, F. and Weitz, B. (1962) The natural hosts of tsetse flies in Northern Nigeria. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasitol. 56, 430–442.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kupper, W., Staak, C., Krober, T. and Spath, J. (1990) Natural hosts of Glossina tachinoides (Diptera: Glossinidae) in northern Côte d'lvoire, Trop. Med. Parasitol. 41, 217–218.Google Scholar
Lamprey, H. F., Glasgow, J. P., Lee-Jones, F. and Weitz, B. (1962) A simultaneous census of the potential and actual food sources of the tsetse fly Glossina swynnertoni Austen. J. Anim. Ecol. 31, 151–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langridge, W. P. and Smith, J. A. (1968) The hosts preferences of Glossina swynnertoni Austen in the Mara District and Western Kenya. OAU/STRC Publication No. 102, 213–218.Google Scholar
Laveissiere, C. and Boreham, P. F. L. (1976) Ecologie de Glossina tachinoides Westwood, 1850, en savane humide d'Afrique de l'Ouest. I. Preferences trophiques. Cah. ORSTOM ser. Entomol. med. Parasitol. 14, 187–200.Google Scholar
Laveissiere, C., Couret, D., Staak, C. and Hervouet, J. P. (1985) Glossina palpalis et ses notes en secteur forestier de Côte d'lvoire. Relations avec l'epidemiologie de la trypanosomiase humaine. Cah. ORSTOM ser. Entomol. med. Parasitol. 23, 297–303.Google Scholar
Leak, S. G. A. and Jeannin, P. (1984) Occurrence of Glossina nashi Potts 1955 Diptera-Glossinidae in the Republic of Gabon. Z. Parasitenk. 70, 685–686.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leak, S. G. A., Colardelle, C., D'leteren, G., Dumont, P., Feron, A., Jeannin, P., Minengu, M., Mulungu, M., Ngamuna, S., Ordner, G., Sauveroche, B., Trail, J. C. M. and Yangari, G. (1991) Glossina fusca group tsetse as vectors of cattle trypanosomiasis in Gabon and Zaire. Med. Vet. Entomol. 5, 111–120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Machado, A. de B. (1959) Nouvelles contributions a l'étude systematique et biogeographique des Glossines (Diptera). Publ. Cult. Co. Diamuntes Angola, Lisboa, No. 46, 13–90.Google Scholar
Moloo, S. K. (1985) Distribution of Glossina species in Africa. Acta Trop. 42, 275–281.Google ScholarPubMed
Moloo, S. K., Kutuza, S. B. and Boreham, P. F. L. (1980) Studies on G. pallidipes. G. fuscipes fuscipes and G. brevipalpis in terms of the epidemiology and epizootiology of trypanosomiases in south-eastern Uganda. Ann. Trap. Med. Parasitol. 74, 219–237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moloo, S. K., Steiger, R. F., Brun, R. and Boreham, P. F. L. (1971) Sleeping sickness survey in Musoma District, Tanzania II. The role of Glossina in the transmission of sleeping sickness. Acta Trop. 28, 189–205.Google ScholarPubMed
Newberry, K., Boreham, P. F. L. and Sheppard, M. (1982) A preliminary investigation of the effect of age, sex and time of collection on the feeding patterns of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood in Zambia. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 76, 79–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Noireau, F., Okamba-Osseke, F. and Gouteux, J. P. (1990) Impact immediat d'unelutteantivectorielle par piegeage sur l'enzootie de trypanosomose au sud-Congo. Rev. Med. Vet. Trop. 43, 93–96.Google Scholar
Okiwelu, S. N. (1977) Host preference and try panosome infection rates of Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood in the Republic of Zambia. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 71, 101–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okiwelu, S. N. and Maiga, S. (1981) Natural hosts of Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead and Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank in the Republic of Mali. Cah. ORSTOM ser. Ent. med. Parasitol. 19, 179–186.Google Scholar
Okoth, J. O. and Kapaata, R. (1988) The hosts of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead in Busoga, Uganda, and epidemiological implications for trypanosomiasis. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 82, 517–518.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paling, R. W., Leak, S. G. A., Katende, J., Kamunya, G. and Moloo, S. K. (1987) Epidemiology of animal trypanosomiasis on acattle ranch in Kilifi, Kenya. Acta Trop. 44, 67–82.Google ScholarPubMed
Phelps, R. J. and Vale, G. A. (1978) Studies on populations of Glossina morsitans morsitans and G. pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Rhodesia. J. Appl. Ecol. 15, 743–760.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pilson, R. D. and HarleyJ. M. B. (1959) The importance of cattle as a host of G. morsitans in Ankole. EATRO Annu. Rep. 1958, pp. 45–54.Google Scholar
Robertson, A. G. (1983) The feeding habits of tsetse flies in Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia) and their relevance to some tsetse control measures. Smithersia 1, 1–72.Google Scholar
Rogers, D. and Boreham, P. F. L. (1973) Sleeping sickness survey in the Serengeti area (Tanzania) 1971. II. The vector role of Glossina swynnertoni Austen. Acta Trop. 30, 24–35.Google ScholarPubMed
Rurangirwa, F. R., Minja, S. J. H., Musoke, A. J., Nantulya, V. M., Grootenhuis, J. and Moloo, S. K. (1986) Production and evaluation of specific antisera against seraof various vertebrate species for identification of bloodmeals of Glossina morsitans centralis. Acta Trop. 43, 379–389.Google Scholar
Scott, H. (1939) A journey to the Yemen. Geog. J. 93, 97–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snow, W. F. (1984) Tsetse feeding habits in an area of endemic sleeping sickness in southern Sudan. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 78, 413–414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snow, W. F. and Boreham, P. F. L. (1979) The feeding habits and ecology of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans submorsitans Newstead in relation to nagana transmission in The Gambia. Acta Trop. 36, 47–51.Google ScholarPubMed
Snow, W. F., Tarimo, S. A., Staak, C. and Butler, L. (1988) The feeding habits of the tsetse, Glossina pallidipes Austen on the south Kenya coast, in the context of its host range and trypanosome infection rates in other parts of East Africa. Acta Trop. 45, 339–349.Google ScholarPubMed
Southon, H. A. W. (1961) The hosts of Glossina in South Busoga, Uganda. EATRO Annu. Rep., pp. 35–37.Google Scholar
Staak, C., Allmang, B. C., Kampe, U. and Mehlitz, D. (1981) The complement fixation test for the species identification of blood meals from tsetse flies. Trop, Med. Parasitol. 32, 97–98.Google Scholar
Tarimo, S. A., Golder, T. K., Dransfield, R. D., Chaudhury, M. F. B. and Brightwell, R. (1985) Preliminary observations on trypanosome infection rates in Glossina pallidipes and the factors affecting them at Nkruman, Kenya. OAU/STRC Publication No. 113, 276–283.Google Scholar
Turner, D. A. (1987) The population ecology of Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) in the Lambwe Valley, Kenya. I. Feeding behaviour and activity patterns. Bull. Entomol. Res. 77, 317–333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Vegten, J. A. (1971) Choice of food of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes living in thickets away from open water in south-eastern Uganda. OAU/STRC Publication No. 105, 205–206.Google Scholar
Weitz, B. (1952) The antigenicity of sera of man and animals in relation to the preparation of specific precipitating antisera. J. Hyg. (Lond.) 50, 275–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weitz, B. (1956) Identification of blood meals of blood-sucking arthropods. Bull. WHO 15, 473–490.Google ScholarPubMed
Weitz, B. (1963) The feeding habits of Glossina. Bull. WHO 28, 711–729.Google ScholarPubMed
Weitz, B. and Glasgow, J. P. (1956) The natural hosts of some species of Glossina in East Africa. Trans. R. Sot: Trop. Med. Hyg. 50, 593–612.Google Scholar
Weitz, B. and Jackson, C. H. N. (1955) The host animals of Glossina morsitans at Daga-Iloi. Bull. Entomol. Res. 46, 531–538.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weitz, B., Langridge, W. P., Napier Bax, P. and Lee-Jones, F. (1958) The natural hosts of Glossina longipennis Corti and some other tsetse flies in Kenya. OAU/STRC Publication No. 41, 303–312.Google Scholar
Wilson, A. J., Dar, F. K. and Paris, J. (1972) A study on the transmission of Salivarian trypanosomes isolated from wild tsetse flies. Trop. Anim. Hlth. Prod. 4, 14–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar