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Evaluation of Insecticidal Proteins of Microbial and Plant Origin Against Insect Pests of Rice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

J. S. Bentur ,
N. P. Sarma ,
Raj Bhatnagar ,
C. V. Sudha  and
D. Sivaprasad
J. S. Bentur*
Affiliation:
Directorate of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, A.P., India
N. P. Sarma
Affiliation:
Directorate of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, A.P., India
Raj Bhatnagar
Affiliation:
International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
C. V. Sudha
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, A.P., India
D. Sivaprasad
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, A.P., India
*
Corresponding author: JSB. E-mail: jbentur@yahoo.com
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Abstract

An artificial diet developed for the rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis was used in a bioassay of endotoxin proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains and plant-derived protease inhibitors against the leaffolder, C. medinalis, and the yellow stemborer, Scirpophaga incertnlas. Of the 14 samples of endotoxins derived from different strains of Bt (sub-species kurstaki and sphericus) tested, 5 samples — BT 29, BT 47, BT 61, BT 70 and HD-1— were effective against leaffolder larvae in preliminary tests. Subsequent tests indicated HD-1 to be the most effective against the leaffolder, followed by BT 61 and BT 70, with non-overlapping 95% fiducial limits of LC50 values (3.9,18.2 and 41.1 mg protein/kg diet, respectively). Mortality was observed after 48 h of release of neonate larvae. In contrast, the two protease inhibitors tested, namely soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI) and jackfruit seed trypsin inhibitor (JSTI) were less lethal to the two pests. The latter was more effective against the yellow stemborer at much lower concentrations.

Résumé

Un aliment artificiel mis au point pour l'élevage de la tordeuse de feuilles du riz, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis a été utilisé dans un bio-essai à l'endotoxine protéique obtenue des souches de Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) et aux protéases inhibitrices dérivées des plantes, contre la chenille de la tordeuse C. medinalis, elle-même et celle du foreur de tiges, Scirpophaga incertulas. Des 14 échantillons de souches d'endotoxines dérivées de Bt, 5 d'entre eux (BT 29, BT 47, BT 61, BT 70 et HD-1) ont montré leur efficacité contre les larves de la tordeuse de feuilles au cours des essais préliminaires. Dans des essais subséquents, la souche HD-1 s'est révélée la plus efficace suivie de BT 61 et BT 70, avec des limites distinctes des valeurs LC50 à 95% et à des concentrations respectives (mg protéine/ kg d'aliment) de 3,9 mg pour HD-1, de 18,2 mg pour BT 61 et de 41 mg pour BT 70. Chez les larves néonates, la mortalité survenait 48 après leur introduction sur le milieu alimentaire. Par contre, les deux protéases inhibitrices testées c-à-d la trypsine inhibitrice obtenue la soja et celle obtenue du jaquier étaient plus létales pour les deux ravageurs. Le dernier produit était aussi très efficace contre S. incertulas, même à des très basses concentrations.

Keywords

insecticidal proteinsjackfruit seed trypsin inhibitorsoybean trypsin inhibitorcrystal endotoxin proteinsBacillus thuringiensis strainsCnaphalocrocis medinalisScirpophaga incertulasprotéine insecticidetrypsine inhibitrice obtenue de sojatrypsine inhibitrice obtenue du jaquiercristal d'endotoxine protéiquesouches de Bacillus thuringiensisCnaphalocrocis medinalisScirpophaga incertulas
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 19 , Issue 2-3 , September 1999 , pp. 223 - 228
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1999

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