Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T13:24:53.591Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Infestation and damage on three maize cultivars by the stalk-borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in relation to their yield in western Kenya

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Harish Kumar  and
K. N. Saxena
Harish Kumar*
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P. O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
K. N. Saxena
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P. O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
*
* International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre, Apdo. Postal 6-0641, Lisboa 27, 06600 Mexico D. F.
Get access

Abstract

The effects of infestation and damage by the stalk-borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), were studied in the field on the grain yield of the following maize cultivare: Inbred A (susceptible), ICZ2-CM (resistant) and Katumani Composite B (a commercial early maturing cultivar). Borer infestation levels (egg-population density and larval-pupal population density) and damage levels (follar damage and stalk damage) were significantly lower during the long rainy season of 1984 than 1985. On Inbred A, oviposition by the moths during the pre-flowering and flowering stages was much more important in causing a reduction in the grain yield than that during the post-flowering stage of the crop. There was no correlation with grain yield on ICZ2-CM and Katumani. The larval-pupal population density on Inbred A (but not on ICZ2-CM or Katumani), had a significant negative correlation with grain yield. Follar damage and stalk-tunnelling by the borer only affected the grain yield of Inbred A. Under artificial infestation, the grain yield of Katumani is reduced significantly by the borer attack, but under natural infestation it escapes due to its early maturity. By comparison, ICZ2-CM has inherent resistance to C. partellus and infestation and damage by the borer have no effect on grain yield.

Résumé

Les effets de l'infestation et les dégâts causés par le foreur de tige, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), ont été etudlés en champs, pour le rendement en grain de différents cultivars: Inbred A (sensible), ICZ2-CM (résistant), et Katumani Composite B (variété commerciale précoce). Les niveaux d'infestation (densité des populations d'oeufs et de larves) et de degâts (feuilles et tiges) ont été sensiblement plus faibles durant la longue saison des pluies de 1984 qu'en 1985. Les ovipositions durant les phases de pré-floraison et de floraison ont eu un effet nettement plus important sur la reduction du rendement en grain que celles ayant eu lieu après la floraison. Pour ICZ2-CM et Katumani, on a observé aucune corrélation avec le rendement en grain. La densité des populations de larves et pulpes sur Inbred A (et uniquement celui-la) est significativement et négativement correlée avec le rendement en grain. Les degâts foliaires et le niveau d'attaque des tiges n'ont eu d'effets sur le rendement en grain que pour Inbred A. Alors que son rendement est sensiblement diminué par les attaques du foreur en condition d'infestation artificielle, le cultivar Katumani échappe aux attaques en conditions naturelles, du fait de sa précocité. En ce qui concerne ICZ2-CM, l'absence d'incidence du foreur sur le rendement en grain est a attribuer a une resistance propre au cultivar.

Keywords

ResistanceChilo partellusmaizeResistanceChilo partellusmaïs
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 15 , Issue 3 , June 1994 , pp. 331 - 335
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ampofo, J. K. O. (1986) Maize stalk borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) damage and plant resistance. Environ. Entomol. 15, 1124–1129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ampofo, J. K. O., Saxena, K. N., Kibuka, J. G. and Nyangiri, E. O. (1986) Evaluation of some maize cultivars for resistance to the stem borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in Western Kenya. Maydica 21, 379–389.Google Scholar
Davis, F. M., Scott, G. E. and Williams, W. P. (1978) South-western corn borer. Effect of levels of first brood on maize. J. econ. Entomol. 72, 244–246.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, H. (1986) Enhancement of opposition by Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on maize plants by larval infestation. App. Entomol. Zool. 21, 539–545.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, H. (1988a) Effect of stalk damage on growth and yield of certain maize cultivars by the maize stalk borer Chilo partellus. Entomologia exp. appl. 46, 149–153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, H. (1988b) Oviposition and larval behaviour of stalkborer (Chilo partellus) on susceptible and resistant varieties of maize (Zea mays). India J. Agric. Sci. 58, 918–921.Google Scholar
Kumar, H. and Asino, G. O. (1994) Grain yield losses in certain maize genotypes in relation to their resistance against Chilo partellus infestation at anthesis. Crop prot. 13, 136–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Panwar, V. P. S. and Sarup, P. (1979) Relationship between successive dates of sowing of maize and damage caused by Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) affecting grain yield. J. entomol. Res. 3, 9–24.Google Scholar
Sarup, P., Marwaha, K. K., Panwar, V. P. S. and Siddiqui, K. H. (1978) Identification of sources of resistance to the maize stalk borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) amongst world maize germplasms comprising international nursery. J. entomol. Res. 2, 154–159.Google Scholar
Seshu Reddy, K. V. S. and Sum, K. O. S. (1991) Determination of economic injury level of the stem borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in maize. Insect Sci. Applic. 12, 269–274.Google Scholar
Singh, J. and Sajjan, S. S. (1982) Losses in maize yield due to different damage grades caused by maize borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe). Indian J. Entomol. 44, 41–48.Google Scholar
Steel, R. G. D. and Torrie, J. H. (1960) Principles and Procedures in Statistics. McGraw-Hill, New York.Google Scholar
Usua, E. J. (1968) Effect of varying populations of Busseola fusca larvae on growth and yield of maize. J. econ. Entomol. 61, 375–376.CrossRefGoogle Scholar