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Insecticidal Activity of Ageratum conyzoides L. Volatile Oil against Callosobruchus maculatus F. in Seed Treatment and Fumigation Laboratory Tests

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

A. A. Gbolade ,
O. A. Onayade  and
B. A. Ayinde
A. A. Gbolade*
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
O. A. Onayade
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
B. A. Ayinde
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin-City, Nigeria
*
Corresponding author: AAG. E-mail: agbolade@oauife.edu.ng
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Abstract

A laboratory study was carried out to assess the effects of seed treatment and fumigation of artificially infested cowpea with the volatile oil of air-dried leaves of Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae). The oil exerted acute toxicity on adults of the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F. upon fumigation. Maximal mortality of 95–97% was inflicted by 60 μl oil. Application of oil dressing on cowpea seed exhibited remarkable insecticidal activity-against the weevil. Significant oviposition deterrency and complete inhibition of emergence of adult insects (F1 offspring) from oil-treated beans were evident at doses of 2.5 μl to 10 μ1/9.5 g beans. No adverse physical effects on the beans were noticed at these doses. The major isolate of the essential oil, precocene I, was four times as active as the oil.

Résumé

Une étude a été menée au laboratoire, afin de déterminer l'effet d'enrobage ou de fumigation des grains de niébé par utilisation de Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae), sous forme d'huile volatile des feuilles séchées à l'air libre. Par fumigation, l'huile volatile exercait une toxicité aiguë sur les adultes de Callosobruchus maculatus F., un charancon des grains de niébé. L'application de 60 μl d'huile par gramme degrains provoquait une mortalité maximale de 95–97%. L'enrobage des grains de niébé au moyen de l'huile montrait une activité insecticide exceptionelle vis-à-vis du charançon. Des doses de 2,5 μl à 10 μl d'huile/9,5 gr de grains de niébé provoquaient une limitation significative de ponte, une dépression d'emergence d'adultes (descendance F1) et aucune détérioration physique des grains ne fut observée. L'isolat le plus important de l'huile essentielle, le précocène I, s'est montré quatre fois plus actif que l'huile.

Keywords

cowpeaAgeratum conyzoidesvolatile oilprecocene Iinsecticidal activityCallosobruchus maculatusniébéAgeratum conyzoideshuile volatileprécocène Ipouvoir insecticideCallosobruchus maculatus
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 19 , Issue 2-3 , September 1999 , pp. 237 - 240
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1999

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References

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