Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T08:03:32.600Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Morphogenetic abnormalities of alatiform mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi following topical application of juvenile hormone analogues

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Gursharan Singh  and
H. S. Sidhu
Gursharan Singh
Affiliation:
Department of Processing and Agricultural Structures, College of Agricultural Engineering Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India
H. S. Sidhu
Affiliation:
Department of Processing and Agricultural Structures, College of Agricultural Engineering Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India
Get access

Abstract

Two juvenile hormone analogues (JHAs), R-20458 (6, 7-epoxy-l (p-ethylphenoxy)-3, 7-dimethyl-2-octene) and ZR-512 (ethyl 3, 7, ll-trimethy1-2, 4-dodecadienoate) were topically applied to various instars of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt), delivering doses ranging from 0.000015 to 1.0 μg in acetone on the dorsum of each test insect with the help of a microsyringe. Deformed individuals were categorized as adultoids (crumpled and twisted wings), nymphal-adult intermediates (sclerotized wing pads) and supernumerary nymphs (one extra moulting) and a scale was devised to asssess the extent of deformities. The process of embryogenesis was observed to be normal and the adultoids and nymphal-adult intermediates (with normal gonopores) reproduced normally. Only in case of supernumerary nymphs where gonopores were absent and those intermedites which had occluded gonopores, parturition could not take place. Antennae, legs and cornicles of the deformed individuals also exhibited some degree of deformation due to the hormone treatment. The third, second, fourth and first instar aphids ranked in descending order in developing abnormalities under exposure to the JHAs; a dose as low as 0.000015 μg/aphid of ZR-512, significantly deranged the morphogenesis of the third instar aphids. The lowest doses imparting significant degrees of abnormality to the aphid were 0.0039 and 0.00006 μg/aphid for R-20458 and ZR-512, respectively; showing the latter as more potent agent of morphogenetic abnormalities.

Résumé

Deux analogues d'hormone juvénile, R-20458 (6, 7-epoxy-l (p-ethylphenoxy)-3, 7-dimethyl-2-octène) et ZR-512 (ethyl 3, 7, ll-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate), extraits d'acetone, ont été appliqués localement à différents stades du puceron de la moutarde, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt), à des doses variant entre 0.000015 et 1.0 microgramme en dilution, sur le dorsum de chaque insecte experimental à l'aide d'une microseringue. Les malformations obsevées ont été groupées en catégories de adultoïdes (ailes froissées et entortillées), intermédiaires entre nymphes et adultes (bourgeons alaires sclérotisés) et nymphes supernuméraires (une mue supplémentaire). Une échelle de catégories a été faite pour évaluer l'étendue des déformations. Le processus d'embryogenèse observé était normal, les adultoïdes et individus intermédiares entre nymphes et adultes qui possédaient des gonopores normaux se sont reproduits normalement. Mais dans le cas des nymphes supernuméraires qui n'ont pas de gonopores et les intermédiaires entre adultes et nymphes dont les gonopores sont obturés, la parturition n'a pas pu avoir lieu. Les antennes, les pattes et cornicules des individus malformés montraient un certain degré de déformation dû au traitement hormonal. Le degré d'anomalies observé varie en decroissant du 3eme, 2eme, 4eme et 1er stade. Une dose aussi faible que 0,0000015 microgramme/puceron de ZR-512 peut provoquer un dérèglement notable de la morphogenèse au 3eme stade de développement des pucerons. Les doses les plus faibles provoquant des malformations notables ont été 0,0039 et 0,00006 microgramme/puceron respectivement pour R-20458 et ZR-512; ce dernier étant l'agent de dérèglement morphogénetique le plus puissant.

Keywords

Juvenile hormone analogues (JHAs)morphogenetic abnormalitiesadultoidnymphaladult intermediatesupernumerary nymphAnalogues d'hormones juvéniles (AHJ)anomalies morphogénetiquesadultoïdesintermédiaires nymphes adultesnymphes supernuméraires
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 13 , Issue 1 , February 1992 , pp. 27 - 33
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bauernfeind, R. J. and Chapman, K. (1984) Effect of some insect growth regulators on green peach aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) under green house conditions. J. econ. Entomol. 77, 211–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cloutier, C. and Perron, J. M. (1975) Polymorphism and sensitivity of a juvenile hormone analogue in the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Homoptera: Aphididae). Entomol. Exp. Appl. 18, 457–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elliot, H. J. and McDonald, F. J. D (1976) Effect of a juvenile hormone analogue on morphology, reproduction and endocrine activity of cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. J. Aust. Entomol. Soc. 15, 1–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hangartner, W., Peyer, B. and Meier, M. (1971) Effect of a juvenile hormone analogue on the apterous form of the bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scop. Meded. Fakulteit Land. Cent. 36, 866–873.Google Scholar
Kismali, S. and Schooneveld, H. (1979) Effects of insect growth regulators on morphogenesis of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Turk. Bit. Kor. Derg. 3, 83–94.Google Scholar
Kuhr, R. J. and Cleere, J. S. (1973) Toxic effects of synthetic juvenile hormones on several aphid species. J. econ. Entomol. 66, 1019–1022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lees, A. D. (1980) The development of juvenile hormone sensitivity in alatae of the aphid, Megoura viciae. J. Insect Physiol. 26, 143–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mittler, T. E., Nassar, S. G. and Staal, G. B. (1976) Wing development and parthenogenesis induced in the progenies of kinoprene-treated gynoparae of Aphis fabae and Myzus persicae. J. Insect Physiol. 22, 1717–1725.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nassar, S. G., Staal, G. B. and Armanious, N. I. (1973) Effect and control potential of insect growth regulators with juvenile hormone activity on greenbug. J. econ. Entomol. 66, 847–850.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nemec, V. and Jarolim, V. (1980) Excretion of some juvenoids by Locusta migratoria larvae. Acta Entomol. Bohemoslov. 77, 76–81.Google Scholar
Singh, G. and Sidhu, H. S. (1989) Demophogenesis of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) by the vapours of juvenile hormone analogues. Curr. Sci. 58, 270–272.Google Scholar
Singh, G. and Sidhu, H. S. (1990) Effect of juvenile hormone analogues on the reproduction and longevity of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.). Insect Sci. Applic. 11, 69–72.Google Scholar
White, D. F. (1968) Potnatal treatment of cabbage aphid with a synthetic juvenile hormone. J. Insect Physiol. 14, 901–912.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, D. F. and Gregory, J. M. (1972) Juvenile hormone and wing development during the last larval stage in aphids. J. Insect Physiol. 18, 1599–1619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willis, J. H. and Lawrence, P. A. (1970) Deferred action of juvenile hormone. Nature (London) 225, 81–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar