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Physiological suitability of six West African gramineous borers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Pyralidae) for development of Cotesia species complex (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2009

Y. Hailemichael ,
F. Schulthess ,
J.W. Smith Jr  and
W.A. Overholt
Y. Hailemichael*
Affiliation:
Biological Control Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843-2475, USA Biological Control Center of Africa, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 08BP 0932Tripostal, Cotonou, Benin
F. Schulthess
Affiliation:
Biological Control Center of Africa, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 08BP 0932Tripostal, Cotonou, Benin Postfach 508-4, Chur, Switzerland
J.W. Smith Jr
Affiliation:
Biological Control Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas77843-2475, USA
W.A. Overholt
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, Florida34945, USA
*
*E-mail: yhailemichael@sbcglobal.net
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Abstract

Three gregarious, endoparasitic braconids, a Kenyan strain of Cotesia sesamiae, and the exotic Cotesia flavipes and Cotesia chilonis were imported into Benin as candidates for biological control of stem- and cob borers of maize and stemborers of millet. Host acceptability and host suitability of six gramineous borers occurring in western Africa, the noctuids Sesamia calamistis, Sesamia poephaga, Busseola fusca, the crambid Coniesta ignefusalis, and the pyralids Eldana saccharina and Mussidia nigrivenella, to these parasitoids were evaluated to test the hypothesis that new associations were superior over old association parasitoid–host relationships. All hosts were accepted by all Cotesia spp., except M. nigrivenella, which was not attacked by C. chilonis. Parasitoid progeny developed successfully in S. calamistis, S. poephaga and C. ignefusalis. S. calamistis was the most suitable host in terms of duration of developmental time, brood size and mortality of parasitoid progeny. It was concluded that because of its host specificity, the old association parasitoid C. sesamiae would have the highest chance of establishment in cereal systems in West Africa.

Keywords

Cotesiastemborerhost acceptabilityhost suitabilityencapsulationbiological controlnew associationsmaizeWest Africa
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , September 2009 , pp. 130 - 140
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2009

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