Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T11:18:04.157Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The potential of pod-shaving in studies of the role of trichomes in Vigna resistance to the pod-bug Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål (Hemiptera: Coreidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

P. Koona  and
L.E.N. Jackai
P. Koona*
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria: Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), BP 44, Dschang, Cameroon:
L.E.N. Jackai
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, 36088, USA
*
*Email: pkoona@yahoo.fr
Get access

Abstract

Two shaving methods, one by using a sharp razor blade and the other a small pair of dissecting scissors, were tested on pods of Vigna vexillata accessions to investigate the effect of trichomes on feeding and development of the pod-bug Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål (Hemiptera: Coreidae). Electron micrographs of unshaved (control) pods showed that all trichome types (glandular, long non-glandular and short non-glandular) were present on the pod surface. Shaving with a pair of scissors shortened long non-glandular trichomes, with little or no damage to the glandular types. Percentages of seed damage and nymphs surviving to the adult stage were similar (P>0.05) between unshaved and scissors-shaved pods. These pods showed significantly lower (P<0.05) percent seed damage than razor-shaved and solvent-washed pods, whose glandular trichomes were all completely scraped or washed off. The opposite trend was observed for the insect's growth index, indicating that glandular trichomes had a greater influence than non-glandular trichomes on feeding and development of C. tomentosicollis. The present study suggests that the scissor-shaving method would be more appropriate if the effect of trichome length is being investigated, and the more abrasive razor-shaving method if the effect of glandular trichomes is of interest

Keywords

Clavigralla tomentosicollispod-shavingVigna vexillatatrichomesresistance
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 24 , Issue 4 , December 2004 , pp. 298 - 303
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Dreyer, H. & Baumgartner, J. (1995) The influence of post-flowering pests on cowpea seed yield with particular reference to damage by Heteroptera in southern Benin. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 53, 137–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gannon, A. J. & Bach, C. E. (1996) Effects of soybean trichome density on Mexican bean beetle (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) development and feeding preference. Environ. Entomol. 25, 1077–1082.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hammond, C. T. & Mahlberg, P. G. (1973) Morphology of glandular hairs of Cannabis sativa from scanning electron microscope. Am. J. Bot. 60, 524–528.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howe, R. W. (1971) A parameter for expressing the suitability of an environment for insect development. J. Stored Prod. Res. 7, 63–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
IITA (1987) International Institute of Tropical Agriculture. Annual Report and research highlights for 1986. Ibadan, Nigeria. IITA. 142 pp.Google Scholar
Jackai, L. E. N. (1989) A laboratory procedure for rearing the cowpea coreid, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål. (Hemiptera), using dry cowpea seeds. Bull. Entomol. Res. 79, 275–281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackai, L. E. N. & Oghiakhe, S. (1989) Pod wall trichomes and resistance of two wild cowpea, Vigna vexillata, accessions to Maruca testulalis (Geyer) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål. (Hemiptera: Coreidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 79, 595–605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackai, L. E. N., Nokoe, S., Tayo, B. O. & Koona, P. (2001) Inferences on pod wall and seed defences against the brown cowpea coreid bug, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål. (Hem., Coreidae) in wild and cultivated Vigna species. J. Appl. Entomol. 125, 277–286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koona, P., Osisanya, E. O., Jackai, L. E. N., Tamo, M., Tonye, J. B. & Ngeve, J. (2001) Interaction between pod age and position in relation to damage to cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. by hemipteran pod-sucking bugs. Bull. Entomol. Res. 91, 453–459.Google Scholar
Koona, P., Osisanya, E. O., Jackai, L. E. N., Tamo, M., Reeves, J. & Hughes, J. A. (2002a) Pod surface characteristics in wild and cultivated Vigna species and resistance to the coreid bug Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål. (Hemiptera: Coreidae). Insect Sci. Appl. 22, 1–7.Google Scholar
Koona, P., Osisanya, E. O., Jackai, L. E. N., Tamo, M. & Markham, R. H. (2002b) Resistance in accessions of cowpea to the coreid pod-bug Clavigralla tomentosicollis (Hemiptera: Coreidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 95, 1282–1288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koona, P., Osisanya, E. O., Lajide, L., Jackai, L. E. N. & Tamo, M. (2003a) Assesment of chemical resistance of wild and cultivated Vigna species to the brown pod-bug Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål (Hem., Coreidae). J. Appl. Entomol. 127, 1–6.Google Scholar
Koona, P., Osisanya, E. O., Lajide, L., Jackai, L. E. N. & Nyambi, G. N. (2003b) The effect of extracts from different Vigna species on the development of the brown pod-bug Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål (Hem., Coreidae). Entomol. Exp. Appl. 107, 247–250.Google Scholar
Marconi, E., Ruggeri, S. & Carnovale, E. (1997) Chemical evaluation of wild under-exploited Vigna spp. seeds. Food Chem. 59, 203–212.Google Scholar
Maréchal, R., Mascherpa, J. M. & Stainer, F. (1978) Etude taxonomique d'un groupe complexe d'espèces des genres Phaseolus et Vigna (Papilionaceae) sur la base de données morphologiques et polliniques, traitées par l'analyse informatique. Boissiera 28, 1–273.Google Scholar
Neal, J. J., Steffens, J. C. & Tingey, W. M. (1989) Glandular trichomes of Solanum berthaultii and resistance to the Colorado potato beetle. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 51, 133–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oghiakhe, S., Jackai, L. E. N., Makanjuola, W. A. & Hodgson, C. J. (1992) Morphology, distribution, and the role of trichomes in cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata ) resistance to the legume pod borer, Maruca testulalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 82, 499–505.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, S. R. & Taylor, T. A. (1978) Pests of grain legumes and their control in Nigeria, pp. 267–279. In Pest of Grain Legumes: Ecology and Control (Edited by Singh, S. R., van Emden, H. F. & Taylor, T. A.). Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
Yencho, G. C. & Tingey, W. M. (1994) Glandular trichomes of Solanum berthaultii alter host preference of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 70, 217–225.Google Scholar
Yerger, E. H., Grazzini, R. A., Hesh, D., Cox-Foster, D. L., Craig, R. & Mumma, R. O. (1992) A rapid method for isolating glandular trichomes. Plant Physiol. 99, 1–7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed