Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T21:22:08.114Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Seasonal Abundance of Rice Stem Borer Species in Upland and Irrigated Rice in Nigeria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

M. S. Alam
M. S. Alam
Affiliation:
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Oyo Road, P.M.B. 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria
Get access

Abstract

Studies were carried out in 1983 to determine the relative abundance and species composition of three lepidopterous stem borers in upland and irrigated rice at Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria. The relationship between irrigated rice crop phenology and the population of the borers and stalk-eyed fly was also studied.

White stem borer, Maliarpha separatella was the predominant species in upland and irrigated rice, followed in upland rice by pink stem borer, Sesamia calamistis, and striped stem borer, Chilo zacconius and in irrigated rice by C. zacconius and S. calamistis. The proportion of M. separatella was higher in irrigated rice than upland. Three population peaks were observed annually in both upland and irrigated rice.

Studies on the relationship between irrigated rice phenology and field population of lepidopterous borers and a dipteran borer showed that the stalk-eyed fly, Diopsis spp., occurred before 20 days after transplanting (DAT) in ITA 212 and continued up to 90 DAT: the peak was observed at 40 DAT. The lepidopterous borers did not appear until 40 DAT and populations peaked at 80 DAT.

Résumé

Des études ont été menées en vue de déterminer l'abondance relative et la composition spécifique de trois lépidoptères mineurs des tiges du riz pluvial et irrigué à Ibadan, dans le sud-ouest du Nigéria. Elles visaient en outre à déterminer la relation existant entre la phénologie du riz irrigué et la population de ces borers et de la diopside, Diopsis spp.

Maliarpha separatella fut l'espèce prédominante en riziculture pluviale et irriguée, suivi de Sesamia calamistis et de Chilo zacconius en riziculture pluviale, de C. zacconius et S. calamistis en riziculture irriguée. Trois pics de densité maximale furent observés chez les trois lépidoptères au cours de l'année, tant en conditions pluviale qu'irriguée.

Les travaux sur la relation entre la phénologie du riz irrigué et la population a champ des lépidoptères et du diptère indiquent que ce dernier, Diopsis spp., fit son apparition avant le 20 éme jour suivant le repiquage (Jar) et subsista jusqu'à 90 Jar. Les lepidoptères ne se manifestèrent pas avant le 40 Jar. La densité maximale fut atteinte 80 Jar chez la variété ITA 212.

Keywords

Lepidopterous stem borersMaliarpha separatellaChilo zacconiusSesamia calamistisstalk-eyed flyDiopsisspecies compositionrelative abundancecrop phenologyupland riceirrigated riceLépidoptères mineurs des tigesMaliarpha separatellaChilo zacconiusSesamia calamistisdiopsideDiopsiscomposition spécifiqueabondance relativephénologie de la cultureriz irriguériz pluvial
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , April 1988 , pp. 191 - 195
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Agyen-Sampong, M. (1982) The major pest problems of irrigated, upland and mangrove swamp rice ecosystems in the humid tropical, Guinea savanna and in West Africa, Proceedings of a Course “Concepts, Techniques and Application of Integrated Pest Management in Rice in West Africa, WARDA”. Fendall, Liberia.Google Scholar
Akinsola, E. A. (1975) Present status of different rice stem borers in parts of Nigeria. Rice Ent. Newsl. No. 3. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines.Google Scholar
Akinsola, E. A. (1979) The biology and ecology of rice stem borers in Nigeria. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Ibadan, Nigeria.Google Scholar
Alam, M. S. and Akibo-Betts, D. T. (1984) Field and storage insect pests of rice and their control. In Rice Production Manual, pp. 295–363. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria.Google Scholar
Alam, M. S., John, V. T. and Zan, Kaung (1985a) Insect pests and diseases of rice in Africa. In Rice Improvement in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa, pp. 67–82. International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.Google Scholar
Alam, M. S., Zan, Kaung and Alluri, K. (1985b) Gall midge, Orseolia oryzivora H. & G. in Zambia. Int. rice Res. Newsl. 10, 15–16.Google Scholar
Alghali, A. M. and Osisanya, E. O. (1982) Oviposition by Diopsis macrophthalma Dalman (Diptera: Diopsidae) on different rice varieties and development of deadheart. Bull. Ent. Res. 72, 583–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barr, B. A., Koehler, C. S. and Smith, R. F. (1975) Crop losses—Rice: Field losses to insects, diseases, weeds and other pests. UC/AID Pest Management and Related Environmental Protection Project Report, University of California, Berkeley, USA. pp. 64.Google Scholar
Ho, D. T., Njoka, J. J. and Kibuka, J. G. (1983) Studies on rice stem borers in Kenya with emphasis on Maliarpha separatella Rag. Insect Sci. Applic. 4, 65–75.Google Scholar
Jerath, M. S. (1965) Rice pests and their known parasites and predators in Nigeria. Federal Department of Agricultural Research. Mimeograph No. 86, Ibadan, Nigeria.Google Scholar
West African Rice Development Association (WARDA) (1978) Annual report for 1977. Monrovia, Liberia.Google Scholar
West African Rice Development Association (WARDA) (1979) Report of Monitoring Tour 1977/79. Monrovia, Liberia.Google Scholar