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Some aspects of the biology of Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) a pest of stored bambarra groundnuts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

George N. Mbata
George N. Mbata
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, Imo State University, PMB 2000, Okigwe, Nigeria
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Abstract

Some aspects of the biology of Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) were investigated at controlled conditions. Temperature and relative humidity were found to have effect on oviposition, development and longevity of adults. The best condition for oviposition was 30°C, 80% r.h. at which the mean number of eggs laid was 135.8 and the worst condition was 35°C, 50% r.h. at which 61.1 eggs were laid per female. Oviposition lasted very long at 25°C and was too short at 35°C. Relative humidity favoured oviposition at 30 and 35 but not at 25°C. The beetles were found to be positively phototactic as more eggs were laid at 12 hr light and 12 hr dark (105.1 eggs) and continuous light (98.6) than at continuous darkness (43.0).

Duration of development was shorter at 35°C than at other temperatures investigated. The shortest developmental period was at 35°C, 80 % r.h. (23.2 days) while longest was at 25°C, 50 % r.h. (42.6 days). While development was shorter at 35°C, more progenies were produced at 30°C and the rate of increase was better enhanced at 30°C. Adults were heavier when reared at lower temperatures and high humidities than at high temperatures and low humidities. Adults lived longer at lower temperatures and high humidities than at higher temperatures and lower humidities. The females were heavier and lived longer than the males.

Résumé

Quelques aspects de la biologie de Callosobruchus subinnotatus (Pic) étaient vérifiés à des conditions controllées. La température et l'humidité relative, d'après les investigations, influencent l'oviposition, le développement et la longévité des adultes. La meilleure condition pour l'oviposition étai 30°C, 80% r.h. à laquelle le nombre moyen d'oeufs étaient produits par femelle.

L'oviposition a duré longtemps à 25°C mais était trop éphemeère à 35°C. L'humidité relative a favorisé l'oviposition 30 ét a 35°C mais pas à 25°C. Les scarabés, selon l'enquête, étaient positivement phototactiques puisque plus d'oeufs se sont profuits 12 hr lumiére, 12h obscur (105.1) et continuous des lumiére (98.6) qu'a continua desobscur (43.0).

La durée du développement était plus rapide à 35°C qu'aux autres températures qui ont été vérifiées. La période de développement la plus courte était à 35°C, 80%r.h. (23.2 jours) tandisque la plus longue était 25°C, 50% r.h. (42.6 jours). Bien que le développement soit plus rapide à 35°C; plus de progénies étaient produites à 30°C et le taux d'augmentation était mieux mis en valeur à 30 qu'à 35°C. Les adultes étaient plus gros lorsque produits à des températures basses et humidités plus élevées qu'à des températures élevées et humidités basses.

Les adultes ont vécu plus longtemps à des températures basses et hautes humidités qu'à de hautes températures et humidités basses. Les femelles étaient plus grosses et vivaient plus longtemps que les mâles.

Keywords

Callosobruchus subinnotatustemperaturehumidityovipositiondevelopmentphotoperiodBruchidaeCallosobruchus subinnotatustempératurehumiditéoviposition développementphotopériodeBruchidae
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , April 1990 , pp. 227 - 234
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1990

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