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Sorghum Resistance to the Rice Weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.): Antixenosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

K. Pramod Kumar Reddy ,
B. U. Singh  and
K. Dharma Reddy
K. Pramod Kumar Reddy
Affiliation:
National Research Centre for Sorghum, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030 (AP), India Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Acharya N.G., Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030 (AP), India
B. U. Singh*
Affiliation:
National Research Centre for Sorghum, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030 (AP), India
K. Dharma Reddy
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Acharya N.G., Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030 (AP), India
*
E-mail: singhbu@rediffmail.com
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Abstract

Thirty-five grain sorghum genotypes representing 6 variable groups (A/B-lines, R-lines, commercial varieties, germplasms, mutants and locals) were evaluated for the orientation, colonisation and oviposition responses of the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), governing the antixenosis component of resistance. In free-choice tests, the orientation and colonisation responses of the weevil were identical among all the genotypes at 24 h, varied at 48 h, and differed widely by 72 h after adult release. High degrees of antixenosis for colonisation by the adult weevils were observed among all the genotypes except 2077A and 2219B, which suggests a predominant reaction to gustatory rather than visual or olfactory stimuli. One to five egg plugs per seed were oviposited, frequently near the endosperm close to the seed base. Greater levels of antixenosis for oviposition were noticed in 2077B, DJ 6514 and IS 11758 in free-choice tests, and 2219B, M 148–138, P 721 and Nizamabad (M) in no-choice tests. To the contrary, M 35–1, Swati and Lakadi showed greater susceptibility for oviposition. Significantly less damage to seed was observed on 2219A/B, 116B, IS 9487, IS 11758, CSV 8R(M) and Local Yellow. Although the differences in seed weight loss were not significant, this parameter was relatively lower in AKMS 14B and 2219B than in the other genotypes. This indicates the need to increase the levels of resistance among the parental A/B-lines in the development of hybrids, in order to ensure better protection from rice weevil infestation in stored sorghum.

Résumé

La résistance antixénotique de trente cinq génotypes de sorgho appartenant à 6 groupes différents (lignée A/B, lignée R, variétés commerciales, germoplasmes, mutants et locaux) a été évaluée vis à vis des comportements d'orientation, de colonisation et d'oviposition du curculionide du riz, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). En situation de choix, les réponses d'orientation et de colonisation du curculionide sont identiques pour tous les génotypes après 24 h, variables après 48 h, et très différentes 72 h après le lâcher des adultes. A l'exception, du 2077A et du 2219B, tous les génotypes ont exprimé un niveau élevé d'antixénose sur le comportement de colonisation des curculionides adultes, suggérant un mode d'action au travers de stimuli gustatifs plutôt que visuels ou olfactifs. Une à cinq masses d'oeufs par graine ont été déposees, frequemment près de l'endosperme à la base de la graine. Les niveaux les plus élevés d'antixénose sur le comportement d'oviposition ont été observés sur les génotypes 2077B, DJ 6514 et IS 11758 en situation de choix, et sur les génotypes 2219B, M 148–138, P 721 et Nizamabad (M) en situation de non-choix. Au contraire, les génotypes M 35–1, Swati et Lakadi apparaissent plus sensibles pour l'oviposition. Des dégâts significativement plus faibles ont été observés sur graine pour les géno types 2219 A/B, 116B, IS 9487, IS 11758, CSV 8R (M) et Local Jaune. Bien que les différences de perte de poids de la graine ne soient pas significatives, ce paramètre est relativement plus faible chez AKMS14B et 2219B que chez les autres génotypes. Ceci indique la nécessité d'accroître les niveaux de résistance des lignées parentales A/B pour la production d'hybrides, afin d'assurer une meilleure protection contre l'infestation par le curculionide du riz sur le sorgho stocké.

Keywords

sorghumrice weevilSitophilus oryzaestorage pestantixenosisovipositionresistancebreedingsorghocurculionide du rizSitophilus oryzneravageur des stocksantixénoseovipositionrésistancesélection variétale
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 22 , Issue 1 , March 2002 , pp. 9 - 19
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2002

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