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Susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Diptera: Culicidae) to pyrethroid and carbamate insecticides in the Greater Accra region of Ghana, West Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2009

Tolu T. Adeniran ,
Charles A. Brown ,
William Rogers ,
Michael D. Wilson ,
Maxwell A. Appawu  and
Daniel A. Boakye
Tolu T. Adeniran
Affiliation:
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
Charles A. Brown
Affiliation:
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
William Rogers
Affiliation:
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana Naval Medical Research Centre, Malaria Program, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
Michael D. Wilson
Affiliation:
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
Maxwell A. Appawu
Affiliation:
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
Daniel A. Boakye*
Affiliation:
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
*
*E-mail: dboakye@noguchi.mimcom.org
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Abstract

Pyrethroids are the insecticides of choice for the treatment of bednets for malaria control. Pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles spp. vectors may adversely impact malaria control measures, and therefore it is important to know the initial level of pyrethroid resistance before pyrethroid-treated bednets are introduced. Furthermore, a search for replacement insecticides is necessary to manage any eventual high-resistance levels to pyrethroid insecticides that may affect the effectiveness of treated bednets. This study reports on the susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae s.s. exposed for 1 h to the pyrethroid insecticide permethrin and the carbamate insecticide propoxur, at eight localities in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. The observed mortality rates ranged between 21–92% and 92–100% to permethrin and propoxur, respectively. The results also showed a reduction in the knockdown time (KD50 and KD95) in propoxur (mean KD50 = 20 min and mean KD95 = 31 min) when compared with permethrin (mean KD50 = 47 min and mean KD95 = 87 min). The results suggest that permethrin may not be effective in all areas. Where pyrethroid resistance is a problem, propoxur could be an alternative for indoor residual spraying and for insecticide-treated materials such as curtains and eave screens.

Keywords

Anopheles gambiae s.s.permethrinpropoxurinsecticide resistanceGhana
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , September 2009 , pp. 124 - 129
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2009

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