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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 09 February 2021
On December 19, 2019, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU, the Court) interpreted Article 17(1) of the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air, concluded in Montreal on May 28, 1999 (Montreal Convention), in its judgment in the Niki Luftfahrt case.
1 The Convention was signed by the European Commission on December 9, 1999 and approved on its behalf by Council Decision of April 5, 2001, which entered into force on June 28, 2004.
2 Case C-532/18 GN, represented for legal purposes by HM v. ZU, acting as administrator in the insolvency of Niki Luftfahrt GmbH (Dec. 19, 2019) [hereinafter CJEU Judgment] ¶¶ 22-26; see also the opinion of Advocate General Saugmandsgaard Øe (Sept. 26, 2019) ¶¶ 29-35.
3 Judgment of the Regional Court Korneuburg (Dec. 15, 2015).
4 Judgment of the Higher Regional Court of Vienna (Aug. 30, 2016).
5 CJEU Judgment ¶ 30 with reference to Case C-258/16 Finnair Oyj v. Keskinäinen Vakuutushytiö Fennia (Apr. 12, 2018) ¶ 19 f.
6 CJEU Judgment ¶ 32 with reference to Case C-213/18 Adriano Guaitoli et al. v. easyJet Airline Co. Ltd. (Nov. 7, 2019) ¶ 47.
7 CJEU Judgment ¶¶ 34 f.
8 Id. ¶ 36.
9 See also Case C-63/09 Axel Walz v. Clickair SA (May 6, 2010) ¶¶ 31, 33 and Case C-410/11 Pedro Espada Sánchez v. Iberia Líneas Aéreas de Espña SA (Nov. 22, 2012) ¶¶ 29 f.
10 CJEU Judgment ¶ 37: “accident” instead of “event”. In this regard, the Court refers to the opinion by the International Union of Aviation Insurers, DCW Doc No 28 and the report of the Rapporteur on the Modernization and Consolidation of the Warsaw System, C-WP/10576.
11 CJEU Judgment ¶¶ 38-41 with reference to the opinion of Advocate General Saugmandsgaard Øe (Sept. 26, 2019).