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The United States Mission to the United Nations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2009

Channing B. Richardson
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Extract

It has now become quite axiomatic to say that United States participation in the United Nations system is having an effect upon the substance I of United States foreign policy. What is not so well known as yet is that this participation is the cause for the creation of a new piece of machinery I for aiding the conduct of our foreign policy. Established in 1946 as the United States Delegation to the United Nations, this new outpost of the Department of State illustrates in its organization and operation many of the changes which have come about as bilateral diplomacy has given way to multilateral, “conference-type” United Nations diplomacy. Located at the headquarters of the international organization in New York City, the permanent Mission and its work are symbols of the importance and endless variety of problems posed for American foreign policy by our membership in and support for the United Nations. Since it is still in the process of development, the following study of the organization and role of the United States Mission to the United Nations should be taken as a preliminary analysis.

Type
Articles
Information
International Organization , Volume 7 , Issue 1 , February 1953 , pp. 22 - 34
Copyright
Copyright © The IO Foundation 1953

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References

1 See Bloomfield, L. P., “The Department of State and the United Nations”, Department of State, Bulletin, 11 20, 1950Google Scholar; Cohen, B. V., “The Impact of the United Nations on United States Foreign Policy”, International Organization, V, 05 1951Google Scholar; Fleming, D. F., “The United States in the United Nations”, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 11 1951Google Scholar; Haviland, H. F. Jr, “The United Nations: Effects on American Government;”, Current History, 02 1952Google Scholar; The Brookings Institution, The Administration of Foreign Affairs and Overseas Operations, Washington, 1951Google Scholar; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and Institut International des Sciences Administratives, National Administration and International Organization, Brussels, 1951Google Scholar.

2 The following are the Congressional Acts and Executive Orders through which the Mission derives its responsibilities: United Nations Participation Act of 1945, Public Law 264 (79th Congress); Executive Order 9844, April 28, 1947; Public Law 341 (81st Congress); Executive Order 10108, February 9, 1950.

3 International Organizations Immunities Act, Public Law 291 (79th Congress); Agreement between the United Nations and the United States Regarding the Headquarters of the United Nations, Department of State Publication 3024, International Organization and Conference Series III, 1, p. 220–234.

4 HonMansfield, Mike and HonVorys, John M., Sixth Session of the General Assembly, of the United Nations, Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1952, p. 9Google Scholar.

5 Article 9, paragraph 2.

6 Mansfield, and Vorys, , op. cit., p. 10Google Scholar.

7 See United Nations General Assembly Resolution 125(II); Document E/1683, May 10, 1950, and E/1841, August 17, 1950.

8 In his private capacity as a citizen, a delegation member may speak freely and publicly on matters other than those pertaining to his task as a United States delegate to the United Nations.

9 The Security Council is, theoretically, called into session at least once every two weeks. By general agreement this sometimes becomes a formality.

10 The United Kingdom's permanent Mission to the United Nations has twelve officers on its professional, or political staff, plus four military advisers. Its secretariat services the British Consulate General in New York as well as the Mission. In size, the secretariat fluctuates from between forty-five and one hundred twenty, the latter being during sessions of the General Assembly in New York.

11 Thus, for instance, there are usually two Foreign Service officers on duty with the Mission at any given time, subject to rotation. In connection with American representation on the United Nations Military Staff Committee, about thirty military personnel have been at the Mission, maintained by the Department of Defense.

12 See Gabriel, , Almond, A., The American People and Foreign Policy (New York, 1950)Google Scholar.

13 See Hartmann, F. H., “Away with Unilateralisml”, The Antioch Review, Vol. XI, No. 1, Spring, 1951Google Scholar; Niebuhr, R., The Irony of American History (New York, 1952), Chapter 6, 7Google Scholar; Bevan, A., In Place of Fear (New York, 1952), Chapter 8Google Scholar.