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Behavioral and Caregiver Reaction of Dementia as Measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory in Nigerian Community Residents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2005

Olusegun Baiyewu ,
Valerie Smith-Gamble ,
Akinsola Akinbiyi ,
Kathleen A. Lane ,
Kathleen S. Hall ,
Adesola Ogunniyi ,
Oyewusi Gureje  and
Hugh C. Hendrie
Olusegun Baiyewu
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Valerie Smith-Gamble
Affiliation:
Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry and the Regenstrief Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
Akinsola Akinbiyi
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Kathleen A. Lane
Affiliation:
Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry and the Regenstrief Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
Kathleen S. Hall
Affiliation:
Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry and the Regenstrief Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
Adesola Ogunniyi
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Oyewusi Gureje
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Hugh C. Hendrie
Affiliation:
Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry and the Regenstrief Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Abstract

Background: The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) has been used to assess behavioral symptoms of dementia in the United States, Taiwan, Japan, and Italy. Method: This report evaluates the use of the NPI to assess behavioral symptoms of dementia in a population of Yoruba, Nigerians aged 65 years and older who are subjects in the Indianapolis-Ibadan Dementia Project. In this study, the NPI, Blessed Dementia Scale, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to assess Nigerian subjects with dementia. For this study the NPI was translated, back translated, and harmonized into Yoruba. Results: The harmonized version of the NPI showed good interrater and test-retest reliability. The Cronbach alpha on 40 subjects was .80 for total severity score, .73 for frequency, and .73 for distress, indicating good internal consistency. The MMSE correlated with the NPI total score and severity scores of delusion, hallucination, and agitation, whereas the Blessed correlated with the NPI total score and severity scores of depression, anxiety, and nighttime behavior. Conclusions: The NPI was found to be a reliable tool to assess behavioral symptoms and caregiver distress of dementia in the Yoruba. Behavioral disturbances were as common in the Yoruba patients with dementia as in studies in other countries that have used the NPI, but the pattern of behavioral disturbances and caregiver response varied among the countries.

Keywords

NPIdementiaAlzheimer diseasebehavioral disturbance
Type
Articles
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 15 , Issue 4 , December 2003 , pp. 399 - 409
Copyright
© 2003 International Psychogeriatric Association

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