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Coexisting with dependence and well-being: the results of a pilot study intervention on 75–99-year-old individuals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 September 2016

M. Teresa Rodríguez-Díaz Open the ORCID record for M. Teresa Rodríguez-Díaz [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Nieves Pérez-Marfil  and
Francisco Cruz-Quintana
M. Teresa Rodríguez-Díaz*
Affiliation:
Residencia de Mayores Santiago Rusiñol, Agencia Madrileña de Atención Social, Madrid, Spain
M. Nieves Pérez-Marfil
Affiliation:
Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada, Spain
Francisco Cruz-Quintana
Affiliation:
Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada, Spain
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: M. Teresa Rodríguez-Díaz, C/Manuel Serrano, 25. Aranjuez, 28300 Madrid, Spain. Phone: +34649098972. Email: maiterodgdz@hotmail.com.
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Abstract

Background:

The objective of this study is to design and implement an intervention program centered on preventing functional dependence.

Methods:

A pre/post quasi-experimental (typical case) design study with a control group was conducted on a group of 75–90-year-old individuals with functional dependence (n = 59) at three nursing homes in Madrid (Spain). The intervention program consists of two types of activities developed simultaneously. Some focused on emotional well-being (nine 90-minute sessions, once per week), whereas others focused on improving participants’ physical condition (two 30-minute sessions, twice per week). The simple randomized participants included 59 elderly individuals (Intervention Group = 30, Control Group = 29) (mean age 86.80) [SD, 5. 19].

Results:

Fifty-nine participants were analyzed. The results indicate that the program is effective in improving mood, lowering anxiety levels (d = 0.81), and increasing both self-esteem (d = 0.65) and the perception of self-efficacy (d = 1.04). There are improvements in systolic pressure and functional dependence levels are maintained. Linear simple regression (independent variable pre-Barthel) shows that the pre-intervention dependence level can predict self-esteem after the intervention.

Conclusion:

We have demonstrated that the program is innovative with regard to bio-psychosocial care in elderly individuals, is based on actual practice, and is effective in increasing both self-esteem and self-efficacy. These variables positively affect functional capabilities and delay functional dependence.

Keywords

anxietybasic activities of daily living (BADL)functional dependenceintervention programnonagenarianoctogenarianself-esteem
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 28 , Issue 12 , December 2016 , pp. 2067 - 2078
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2016 

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