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Cohort differences in dementia recognition and treatment indicators among assisted living residents in Maryland: did a change in the resident assessment tool make a difference?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 September 2013

Quincy M. Samus ,
Amrita Vavilikolanu ,
Lawrence Mayer ,
Matthew McNabney ,
Jason Brandt ,
Constantine G. Lyketsos  and
Adam Rosenblatt
Quincy M. Samus*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Amrita Vavilikolanu
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
Lawrence Mayer
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Matthew McNabney
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Jason Brandt
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Constantine G. Lyketsos
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Adam Rosenblatt
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Quincy M. Samus, PhD, MS, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 5300 Alpha Commons Drive, 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. Phone: +1-410-550-6744. Email: qmiles@jhmi.edu.
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Abstract

Background:

There is a lack of empirical evidence about the impact of regulations on dementia care quality in assisted living (AL). We examined cohort differences in dementia recognition and treatment indicators between two cohorts of AL residents with dementia, evaluated prior to and following a dementia-related policy modification to more adequately assess memory and behavioral problems.

Methods:

Cross-sectional comparison of two AL resident cohorts was done (Cohort 1 [evaluated 2001–2003] and Cohort 2 [evaluated 2004–2006]) from the Maryland Assisted Living studies. Initial in-person evaluations of residents with dementia (n = 248) were performed from a random sample of 28 AL facilities in Maryland (physician examination, clinical characteristics, and staff and family recognition of dementia included). Adequacy of dementia workup and treatment was rated by an expert consensus panel.

Results:

Staff recognition of dementia was better in Cohort 1 than in Cohort 2 (77% vs. 63%, p = 0.011), with no significant differences in family recognition (86% vs. 85%, p = 0.680), or complete treatment ratings (52% vs. 64%, p = 0.060). In adjusted logistic regression, cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms correlated with staff recognition; and cognitive impairment correlated with family recognition. Increased age and cognitive impairment reduced odds of having a complete dementia workup. Odds of having complete dementia treatment was reduced by age and having more depressive symptoms. Cohort was not predictive of dementia recognition or treatment indicators in adjusted models.

Conclusions:

We noted few cohort differences in dementia care indicators after accounting for covariates, and concluded that rates of dementia recognition and treatment did not appear to change much organically following the policy modifications.

Keywords

aged careepidemiologyclinical assessmentdementialong-term care
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 25 , Issue 12 , December 2013 , pp. 2047 - 2056
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2013 

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