Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T08:51:44.008Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Subjective depressive mood and regional cerebral blood flow in mild Alzheimer's disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 January 2014

Hajime Honda ,
Seishi Terada ,
Shuhei Sato ,
Etsuko Oshima ,
Chikako Ikeda ,
Shigeto Nagao ,
Osamu Yokota  and
Yosuke Uchitomi
Hajime Honda
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
Seishi Terada*
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
Shuhei Sato
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
Etsuko Oshima
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
Chikako Ikeda
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
Shigeto Nagao
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
Osamu Yokota
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
Yosuke Uchitomi
Affiliation:
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Seishi Terada, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. Phone: +81-86-235-7242; Fax: +81-86-235-7246. Email: terada@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp.
Get access

Abstract

Background:

Depressive symptoms are common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and increase the caregiver burden, although the etiology and pathologic mechanism of depressive symptoms in AD patients remain unclear. In this study, we tried to clarify the cerebral blood flow (CBF) correlates of subjective depressive symptoms in AD.

Methods:

Seventy-six consecutive patients with AD were recruited from outpatient units of the Memory Clinic of Okayama University Hospital. Subjective depressive symptoms were evaluated using the short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). All patients underwent brain SPECT with 99mTc-ethylcysteinate dimer, and the SPECT images were analyzed by the Statistical Parametric Mapping 8 program.

Results:

No significant differences between groups with high and low GDS scores were found with respect to age, sex, years of education, and revised Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination scores. Compared to patients with low scores on GDS, patients with high scores showed significant hypoperfusion in the left inferior frontal region.

Conclusions:

The left inferior frontal region may be significantly involved in the pathogenesis of subjective depressive symptoms in AD. Subjective and objective depressive symptoms may have somewhat different neural substrates in AD.

Keywords

Geriatric Depression Scaledepressiondepressive symptomAlzheimer’s diseaseregional cerebral blood flow
Type
Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 26 , Issue 5 , May 2014 , pp. 817 - 823
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akiyama, H. et al. (2008). The relationship between depressive symptoms and prefrontal hypoperfusion demonstrated by eZIS in patients with DAT. Neuroscience Letters, 441, 328–331. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2008.06.053.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bench, C. J., Friston, K. J., Brown, R. G., Frackowiak, R. S. and Dolan, R. J. (1993). Regional cerebral blood flow in depression measured by positron emission tomography: the relationship with clinical dimensions. Psychological Medicine, 23, 579–590.Google Scholar
Chopra, M. P., Sullivan, J. R., Feldman, Z., Landes, R. D. and Beck, C. (2008). Self-, collateral- and clinician assessment of depression in persons with cognitive impairment. Aging & Mental Health, 12, 675–683. doi: 10.1080/13607860801972412.Google Scholar
Dolcos, F., Kragel, P., Wang, L. and McCarthy, G. (2006). Role of the inferior frontal cortex in coping with distracting emotions. Neuroreport, 17, 1591–1594. doi: 10.1097/01.wnr.0000236860.24081.be.Google Scholar
Dunn, R. T. et al. (2002). Principal components of the Beck Depression Inventory and regional cerebral metabolism in unipolar and bipolar depression. Biological Psychiatry, 51, 387–399. doi: org/10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01244-6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E. and McHugh, P. R. (1975). “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatry Research, 12, 189–198.Google Scholar
Fountoulakis, K. N. et al. (2004). The relationship of regional cerebral blood flow with subtypes of major depression. Progress in Neuropsychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 28, 537–546.Google Scholar
Friston, K. J., Ashburner, J., Poline, J. B., Frith, C. D., Heather, J. D. and Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1995). Spatial realignment and normalization of images. Human Brain Mapping, 2, 165–189.Google Scholar
Grimm, S. et al. (2006). Segregated neural representation of distinct emotion dimensions in the prefrontal cortex-an fMRI study. Neuroimage, 30, 325–340. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.006.Google Scholar
Hirono, N. et al. (1997). Japanese version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory: a scoring system for neuropsychiatric disturbance in dementia patients. Brain and Nerve, 49, 266–271 (in Japanese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Hirono, N. et al. (1998). Frontal lobe hypometabolism and depression in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology, 50, 380–383.Google Scholar
Holthoff, V. A. et al. (2005). Regional cerebral metabolism in early Alzheimer's disease with clinically significant apathy or depression. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 412–421. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.035.Google Scholar
Hughes, C. P., Berg, L., Danziger, W. L., Coben, L. A. and Martin, R. L. (1982). A new clinical scale for the staging of dementia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 566–572.Google Scholar
Kang, J. Y. et al. (2012). Regional cerebral blood flow abnormalities associated with apathy and depression in Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 26, 217–224. doi: 10.1097/WAD.0b013e318231e5fc.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kugo, A. et al. (2007). Japanese version of the Frontal Assessment Battery for dementia. Psychiatry Research, 153, 69–75. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2006.04.004.Google Scholar
Lee, D. Y. et al. (2006). Frontal dysfunction underlies depressive syndrome in Alzheimer disease: a FDG-PET study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14, 625–628. doi: 10.1097/01.JGP.0000214541.79965.2d.Google Scholar
Levy-Cooperman, N. et al. (2008). Frontal lobe hypoperfusion and depressive symptoms in Alzheimer disease. Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 33, 218–226.Google Scholar
Liao, Y. C. et al. (2003). Selective hypoperfusion of anterior cingulate gyrus in depressed AD patients: a brain SPECT finding by statistical parametric mapping. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 16, 238–244. doi:10.1159/000072808.Google Scholar
Mayberg, H. S. et al. (1990). Selective hypometabolism in the inferior frontal lobe in depressed patients with Parkinson's disease. Annals of Neurology, 28, 57–64.Google Scholar
McKhann, G., Drachman, D., Folstein, M., Katzman, R., Price, D. and Stadlan, E. M. (1984). Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's disease. Neurology, 34, 939–944.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Muraoka, Y., Ikuchi, S. and Ihara, K. (1996). The physical, psychological and social background factors of elderly depression in the community. Japanese Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 7, 397–407 (in Japanese with English abstract).Google Scholar
Naglie, G. (2011). Predictors of patient self-ratings of quality of life in Alzheimer's disease: cross-sectional results from the Canadian Alzheimer's Disease Quality of Life (CADQOL) study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19, 881–890. doi: 10.1097/JGP.0b013e3182006a67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ochsner, K. N. et al. (2004). For better or for worse: neural systems supporting the cognitive down- and up-regulation of negative emotion. Neuroimage, 23, 483–499. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.06.030.Google Scholar
Pfeffer, R. I., Kurosaki, T. T., Harrah, C. H., Chance, J. M. and Filos, S. (1982). Measurement of the functional activities in older adults in the community. Journal of Gerontology, 37, 323–329.Google Scholar
Rane, L. J., Fekadu, A., Wooderson, S., Poon, L., Markopoulou, K. and Cleare, A. J. (2010). Discrepancy between subjective and objective severity in treatment-resistant depression: prediction of treatment outcome. Journal of Psychiatry Research, 44, 1082–1087. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.03.020.Google Scholar
Shamay-Tsoory, S. G., Aharon-Peretz, J. and Perry, D. (2009). Two systems for empathy: a double dissociation between emotional and cognitive empathy in inferior frontal gyrus versus ventromedial prefrontal lesions. Brain, 132, 617–627. doi: 10.1093/brain/awn279.Google Scholar
Singh, A. et al. (2000). Functional and neuroanatomic correlations in poststroke depression: the Sunnybrook Stroke Study. Stroke, 31, 637–644.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Suh, J. J. et al. (2009). Low prefrontal perfusion linked to depression symptoms in methadone-maintained opiate-dependent patients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 99, 11–17. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.06.007.Google Scholar
Wade, D. T. and Collin, C. (1988). The Barthel ADL index: a standard measure of physical disability? International Disability Studies, 10, 64–67.Google Scholar
Yesavage, J. A. and Blink, T. L. (1983). Development and validation of a geriatric depression scale: a preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatry Research, 17, 37–49.Google Scholar
Yoshida, H. et al. (2012). Validation of the revised Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE-R) for detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia in a Japanese population. International Psychogeriatrics, 24, 28–37. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1041610211001190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar