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Evaluating winter annual grass control and native species establishment following applications of indaziflam on rangeland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2020

Shannon L. Clark Open the ORCID record for Shannon L. Clark [Opens in a new window] ,
Derek J. Sebastian Open the ORCID record for Derek J. Sebastian [Opens in a new window] ,
Scott J. Nissen  and
James R. Sebastian
Shannon L. Clark*
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
Derek J. Sebastian
Affiliation:
Western Area Sales Manager, Bayer Vegetation Management, Bayer U.S., Cary, NC, USA
Scott J. Nissen
Affiliation:
Professor and Extension Specialist, Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
James R. Sebastian
Affiliation:
Weed Resource Specialist, Boulder County Parks and Open Space, Longmont, CO, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Shannon L. Clark, Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO80523. (Email: Shannon. Clark@colostate.edu)
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Abstract

Indaziflam, a PRE herbicide option for weed management on rangeland and natural areas, provides long-term control of invasive winter annual grasses (IWAGs). Because indaziflam only provides PRE control of IWAGs, POST herbicides such as glyphosate can be mixed with indaziflam to control germinated IWAG seedlings. Field trials were conducted at three sites on the Colorado Front Range to evaluate glyphosate dose required to provide adequate POST IWAG control and compare long-term downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), Japanese brome (Bromus arvensis L.), and feral rye (Secale cereale L.) control with indaziflam and imazapic. Two of the three sites were void of desirable species, so species establishment through drill seeding was assessed, while the remnant native plant response was assessed at the third site. Herbicide applications were made March 2014 through April 2015, and two sites were drill seeded with native species 9 mo after herbicide application. Yearly visual control evaluations, biomass of all plant species, and drilled species stand counts were collected. Glyphosate at 474 g ae ha−1 reduced B. tectorum biomass to zero, while glyphosate at 631 g ae ha−1 was needed to reduce biomass to near zero at the S. cereale site. At all three sites, only indaziflam treatments had significant reductions in IWAG biomass compared with the nontreated check at 3 yr after treatment (YAT). By 3 YAT in the drill-seeded sites, cool-season grass frequency ranged from 37% to 69% within indaziflam treatments (73 and 102 g ai ha−1), while imazapic treatments ranged from 0% to 26% cool-season grass frequency. In the site with a remnant native plant community, indaziflam treatments resulted in a 3- to 4-fold increase in native grass biomass. These results indicate that the multiyear IWAG control provided by indaziflam can aid in desirable species reestablishment through drill seeding or response of the remnant plant community.

Keywords

Bromus arvensisBromus tectorumdrill seedingrangeland restorationrevegetationSecale cereale
Type
Research Article
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 13 , Issue 3 , September 2020 , pp. 199 - 209
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Edith Allen, University of California, Riverside

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