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Miscanthus × giganteus growth and control in simulated upland and wetland habitats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 January 2022

Gray Turnage Open the ORCID record for Gray Turnage [Opens in a new window] ,
John D. Byrd Open the ORCID record for John D. Byrd [Opens in a new window]  and
John D. Madsen Open the ORCID record for John D. Madsen [Opens in a new window]
Gray Turnage*
Affiliation:
Assistant Research/Extension Professor, GeoSystems Research Institute, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
John D. Byrd
Affiliation:
Research/Extension Professor, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
John D. Madsen
Affiliation:
Research Biologist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Gray Turnage, GeoSystems Research Institute, Mississippi State University, Box 9627, Mississippi State, MS39762.Email: Gturnage@gri.msstate.edu
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Abstract

Globally, giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus J.M. Greef & Deuter ex Hodkinson & Renvoize [sacchariflorus × sinensis]) is used as a biofuel crop due to its ability to persist in a wide range of climates. However, little work has assessed this plant’s ability to invade and persist in wetland habitats. In outdoor mesocosms, we examined M. × giganteus’s ability to grow in simulated wetland versus upland habitats and examined chemical control strategies for both habitats using aquatic-labeled herbicides. Miscanthus × giganteus growth was consistently greater in simulated wetland habitats, with wetland plants 2.4 to 3 times taller than upland plants at 6 wk after treatment (WAT) and 2.8 to 3.3 times taller than upland plants at 12 WAT. Miscanthus × giganteus aboveground biomass was 12.7 to 17.7 times greater in wetland- versus upland-grown plants at 6 WAT and 9.6 to 12.5 times greater at 12 WAT. Belowground biomass was 4.5 to 10.7 times greater in wetland versus upland grown plants at 6 WAT and 4.0 to 6.1 times greater at 12 WAT. Miscanthus × giganteus belowground biomass was always greater than aboveground in both habitats at 6 (6.0 times greater in wetlands and 2.9 times greater in uplands) and 12 WAT (3.8 times greater in wetlands and 1.3 times greater in uplands). Generally, all herbicide treatments reduced M. × giganteus height (66% to 100% reduction) and biomass (84% to 100%) compared with nontreated plants at 12 WAT; however, glyphosate (5,716.3 g ai ha−1) and imazapyr (1,120.8 g ai ha−1) performed better than imazamox (560.4 g ai ha−1) and penoxsulam (98.6 g ai ha−1). This is the first work to provide evidence that M. × giganteus can be chemically controlled in wetland habitats. Furthermore, this is the first work to show that penoxsulam (an acetolactate synthase–inhibiting herbicide) can reduce M. × giganteus growth in upland or wetland habitats.

Keywords

Chemical controlgiant miscanthussimulated habitatwetland growth
Type
Research Article
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 15 , Issue 1 , March 2022 , pp. 25 - 32
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Ryan M. Wersal, Minnesota State University

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