Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-30T22:03:03.243Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Daryā-ye Nur: History and Myth of a Crown Jewel of Iran

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2022

Anna Malecka
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

One of the most exceptional among the world renowned historical treasures is the repository of valuables of the olden shahs of Persia found in the Jewels Museum in Tehran. The outstanding jewel among those kept there is the diamond called Daryā-ye Nur, weighing about 182 carats. The history of this stone, according to the literature on the subject, starts in seventeenth century India, in the city of Golconda. Analysis of primary sources, however, allows for the supposition that this stone may have a longer history.

Type
Articles
Information
Iranian Studies , Volume 51 , Issue 1 , January 2018 , pp. 69 - 96
Copyright
Copyright © 2017 Association For Iranian Studies, Inc

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

ʿAbd Allah Qotbshāh. Mokātabāt-e Soltan ʿAbd Allah Qotbshāh. Edited by Falsafi, AhmadʿAllāmeh. Tehran: Markaz-e Asnād va Tārikh-e Diplumāsi, AH 1386 (1966/1967).Google Scholar
Abrishami, Farshād. Qajar dar gozar-e tasvir. Tehran: Khāneh-ye Tārikh va Tasvir-e Abrishami, AH 1389 (1969/1970).Google Scholar
Mirza, Adigezal-Beg. Karabag-name. Edited and translated by Leviatov, B. N.. Baku: ANAzSSSR, 1950.Google Scholar
Amanat, Abbas. “Fath-ʿAli Shah Qajar.” In Encyclopedia Iranica. Edited by Yarshater, Ehsan. New York: Columbia University Center for Iranian Studies, 1982.Google Scholar
Amanat, Abbas. Pivot of the Universe: Nasir al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Amanat, Abbas. “The Kayanid Crown and Qajar Reclaiming of Royal Authority.” Iranian Studies 34, no. 1–4 (2001): 17–30. doi: 10.1080/00210860108701995CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amin al-Dowleh, ʿAli Khan. Khāterāt-e siyāsi-ye Mirza ʿAli Khan Amin al-Dowleh. Edited by Farmānfarmāʾiyān, Hāfez. Tehran: Ketāb-hā-ye Iran, 1962.Google Scholar
Amini, Iraj. The Koh-i-noor Diamond. New Delhi: Roli Books, 1994.Google Scholar
Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali. The Divine Guide in Early Shi'ism: The Sources of Esotericism in Islam. Translated by Streight, David. New York: State University of New York Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Anonymous. Treasury of National Jewels. n.p., n.d.Google Scholar
Anonymous. “Diamant Laboraat.” De Maandelykse Nederlandische Mercurius (Oct. 1763): 168–169.Google Scholar
Anonymous. “Pismo iz Alepa ot 17 Messidora 11 Respublikanskogo let.” Vestnik Evropy 11, no. 20 (1803): 314–17.Google Scholar
Anonymous. “The Recutting of the Koh-i-noor.” National Magazine 1, no. 5 (1852): 443–444.Google Scholar
Anonymous. “Z Persyi: Audyencja nowego delegata Stolicy Św. w Indyach u szacha Nasr-Eddina.” Missye katolickie 11, no. 8 (1892): 208–211.Google Scholar
Anonymous. “Mozaffer-ed-Dine.” Sketch 31 (1900): 101.Google Scholar
Anonymous. “Z pobytu szacha.” Kurjer warszawski czerwiec 12 (1900): 2.Google Scholar
Anonymous. The Crown Jewels of Iran. Tehran: Bank Markazi Iran, 1973.Google Scholar
Appadurai, Arjun. “Introduction: Commodities and the Politics of Value.” In The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective, edited by Appadurai, Arjun, 3–63. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.Google Scholar
Arevshatian, S. S., and Abramian, R.. “Armianskii putevoditel po Indii XII veka.” Vestnik Matenadarana 4 (1958): 317–327.Google Scholar
Arnold, Robert A. Through Persia by Caravan. London: Tinsley Brothers, 1877.Google Scholar
Āsaf, Mohammad Hāshem. Persische Geschichte 1694–1835 erlebt, erinnert und erfunden. das “Rustam at-tawārīḫ” in deutscher Bearbeitung. Translated by Hoffmann, Birgitt. Bamberg: Aku, 1986.Google Scholar
ʿAttār, Farid al-Din. Ketāb-e manteq al-tayr. n.p., n.d.Google Scholar
ʿAyn al-Saltaneh, Qahramān Mirza Sālur. Ruznāmeh-ʾye khāterāt-e ʿAyn al-Saltaneh. Edited by Afshār, Iraj and Sālur, Maʿsud. 9 vols. Tehran: Asātir, AH 1374–1379 (1954/1955–1959–1960).Google Scholar
Bala Krishnan, Usha R., and Kumar, Meera Sushil. Dance of the Peacock: Jewellery Traditions of India. Mumbai: IBH, 1999.Google Scholar
Balfour, Ian. Famous Diamonds. Woodbridge: ACC, 2009.Google Scholar
Basu, K. K. “The Memoirs of Two Bijapuri Nobles.” Indian Culture 6, no. 1 (1939): 61–66.Google Scholar
Baziiants, A. P. Nad arkhivom Lazarevykh : ocherki. Moskva: Nauka, 1982.Google Scholar
Bedik, Petrus. Cehil Sutun etc. Viennae: Voigt, 1678.Google Scholar
Belk, Russell W., Wallendorf, Melanie, and Sherry, J. F. Jr. “The Sacred and the Profane in Consumer Behavior: Theodicy on the Odyssey.” Journal of Consumer Research (June 16, 1989): 1–38. doi: 10.1086/209191Google Scholar
Bérard, Victor. Révolutions de la Perse. Paris: Colin, 1910.Google Scholar
Berezin, I. N. Puteshestvie po severnoi Persii. Kazan: n.p., 1852.Google Scholar
Berzhe, A. P. “Posolstvo A.P. Ermolova v Persiyu.” Russkaya starina 7 (1877): 389–427.Google Scholar
Biruni, Muhammad ibn Ahmad. Kitāb al-jamāhir fi maʿrifat al-jawāhir. Beirut: ‘Ālam al-Kutub, AH 1404.Google Scholar
Blair, Sheila S. “On Giving to Shrines: Generosity is a Quality of the People of Paradise.” In Gifts of the Sultan: The Arts of Giving at the Islamic Courts, edited by Komaroff, Linda, 51–73. Los Angeles, CA: LACMA, 2011.Google Scholar
Bokhāri, Nur al-Din Mohammad. Tārikh-e Kuh-e Nur. Lahore: Panjabi Academy, 1958.Google Scholar
Boukhary, Abdoul Kerim. Histoire de l'Asie Centrale. Translated by Schefer, C. H. A.. Paris: Leroux, 1876.Google Scholar
Brewster, David. “Observations on a Diamond.” The Annals of Science November 15 , 1852 (1853): 36.Google Scholar
Brugsch, Heinrich. Reise der k. preussischen Gesandtschaft nach Persien, 1860 und 1861. 2 vols. Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1862–1863.Google Scholar
Butkov, P. G. Materialy dla nowoi istorii Kavkaza s 1722 po 1803. Sanktpeterburg: n.p., 1869.Google Scholar
Canaye, Philippe. Lettres et ambassade de messire Philippe Canaye seigneur de Fresne. 3 vols. Paris, n.p., 1635–1636.Google Scholar
Canby, Sheila. “Royal Gifts to Safavid Shrines.” In Muraqqa'e Sharqi: Studies in Honor of Peter Chelkowski, edited by Rastegar, Soussie, 57–68. San Marino: AIEP, 2007.Google Scholar
Cevdet Paşa, Ahmad. Tarih-i Cevdet. Edited by Günday, Dündar and Çevik, Mümin. 12 vols. Istanbul: Sabah, 1972–1976.Google Scholar
Curzon, George Nathaniel. Persia and the Persian Question. 2 vols. London: Frank Cass, 1892.Google Scholar
Dalrymple, William, and Anand, Anita. Kohinoor: the Story of the World's Most Infamous Diamond. New Delhi: Juggernaut Books, 2016.Google Scholar
Daryaee, Touraj. “Persianate Contribution to the Study of Antiquity: Eʿtemad al-Saltaneh’ s Nativisation of the Qajars.” Iran 206 (2016): 39–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Gouveia, Antonio. Relaçam em que se tratam as guerras e grandes victorias que alcaçou o grãde rey da Persia Xá Abbas do grão turco Mahometto et seu filho Amethe. Lisboa: Crasbeeck, 1611.Google Scholar
De Sarzedas, conde Rodrigo Lobo da Silveira. Diário do conde de Sarzedas, vice-rei do estado da India, 1655–1656. Edited by de Matos, Artur T.. Lisboa: CNCD, 2001.Google Scholar
De Souza, Teotonio. “Gonçalo Martins: A Jesuit Procurator, Businessman and Diplomat in the Estado da India.” Mare Liberum 5 (1993): 119–128.Google Scholar
De Voulton, , Verdadeira, e exacta noticia dos progressos de Thamas Kouli Khan Schach da Persia no Imperio do Gram Mogôr etc. Lisboa: Antonio Correa Lemos, 1740.Google Scholar
Deraman, Aziz and Hussein Datuk, Ismail. Tamadun Melayu. 6 vols. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1989–2004.Google Scholar
Diba, Layla, Ekhtiar, Maryam, and Robinson, B. W.. Royal Persian Paintings: The Qajar Epoch, 1785–1925. New York: Brooklyn Museum of Art, 1998.Google Scholar
Don Juan, de Persia. Relaciones de Don Juan de Persia. Valladolid: Iuan de Bostillo, 1604.Google Scholar
Drzewiecki, Józef. Pamiętniki. Edited by Kraszewski, J. I.. Wilno: n.p., 1858.Google Scholar
Eastwick, Edward B. Journal of a Diplomate’s Three Years’ Residence in Persia. 2 vols. London: Smith, Elder and Co., 1864.Google Scholar
Ebtehāj, Abu al-Hasan. Khāterāt-e Abu al-Hasan Ebtehāj. Edited by ʿAruzi, ʿAli Reza. 2 vols. Tehran: ʿOlmi, AH 1371 (1951/1952).Google Scholar
Monshi, Eskandar. ʿĀlamārā-ye ʿAbbāsi, Caro Minasian Collection of Arabic and Persian Manuscripts. 2 vols. University of California, Los Angeles Library, ms. 252.Google Scholar
Eʿ temād al-Saltaneh, Mohammad Hasan Khan. Ruznāmeh-ʾye khāterāt-e Eʿtemād al-Saltaneh. Edited by Afshār, Iraj. Tehran: Amir Kabir AH 1345 (1926/1927).Google Scholar
Fasā ʾi, Hasan ibn Hasan. History of Persia under Qajar Rule. Translated by Busse, Heribert. New York: Columbia University Press, 1972.Google Scholar
Ferdowsi, Abu’l-Qasem. The Shahnameh. Edited by Khaleghi-Motlagh, Djalal. 9 vols. New York: Bibliotheca Persica, 1998–2008.Google Scholar
Fersman, A. E. Russia’s Treasure of Diamonds and Precious Stones. 4 vols. Moscow: People’s Commissariat of Finance, 1925–1926.Google Scholar
Fersman, A. E. Kristallografiia almaza. Moskva: IAN SSSR, 1955.Google Scholar
Feuvrier, Jean Baptiste. Trois ans à la cour de Perse. Paris: Juven, 1900.Google Scholar
Finot, Louis. Les lapidaires indiens. Paris: Bouillon, 1896.Google Scholar
Flood, Finbarr B. “Light in Stone: the Commemoration of the Prophet in Umayyad Architecture,” In Bayt al-Maqdis Part Two, edited by Johns, Jeremy, 311–359. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.Google Scholar
Floyd-Jones, De Lancey. Letters from the Far East etc. New York: Public Service Publishing, 1886.Google Scholar
Francklin, William. Observations Made on a Tour from Bengal to Persia in the Years 1786–7. Calcutta: Stuart and Cooper, 1788.Google Scholar
Golestāneh, Abu al-Hasan ebn Mohammad Amin. Mojmal al-tavārikh etc. Edited by Razavi, Modarres. Tehran: Dāneshgāh, 1977.Google Scholar
Hamilton, Norah Rowan. Through Wonderful India and Beyond. London: Holden and Hardingham, 1915.Google Scholar
Hazin, Muhammad ‘Ali. The Life of Sheikh Mohammed Ali Hazin. Edited by Belfour, Francis Cunningham. London: Oriental Translation Fund, 1831.Google Scholar
Hedāyat, Reza Qoli Khan. Tārikh-e rowzat al-safā-ye Nāseri. n.p., n.d.Google Scholar
Walther, Hinz. Islamische Masse und Gewichte. Leiden: Brill, 1970.Google Scholar
Howarth, Stephen. The Koh-i-noor Diamond: the History and the Legend. New York: Quartet Books, 1980.Google Scholar
al-Wardi, Ibn. Kharida al-ʿajāʾib wa farida al-gharāʾib. Berlin Staatsbibliothek ms. 6218.Google Scholar
Iohannes, . Svedeniia o narodakh Kavkaza (1404 g).Translaed by Buniyatov, Z. M.. Baku: Elms, 1979.Google Scholar
Jahangir, . The Jahangirnama: Memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India. Translated by Thackston, Wheeler. New York: Freer Gallery of Art, 1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaldaki, Aydamar. Kitāb anwār al-durar fi idāh al-hajar. Berlin Staatsbibliothek ms. 4187.Google Scholar
Jamālzādeh, Mohammad ʿAli. “Kuh-e nur, Daryā-ye nur.” Kāveh 2, no. 2 (1921): 5–8.Google Scholar
Jaubert, P.-A. E.-P. Voyages en Arménie et en Perse. Paris: Pélicier et Nepveu, 1821.Google Scholar
Jones Brydges, Harford. The Dynasty of the Kajars. London: n.p., 1833.Google Scholar
Karabagski, J. J. Garabaġ tarihi. Istoriia Karabaga. Edited and translated by Babaev, F. G.-O.. Baku: ASSR Elmlär Akad. Näšr, 1959.Google Scholar
Kaye, John William. Lives of Indian Officers. 2 vols. London: Strahan & Co. 1867.Google Scholar
Kesbi, Mustafa. İbretnüma-yı devlet: tahlil ve tenkitli metin. Edited by Öğreten, Ahmet. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, 2002.Google Scholar
Khan, Khāfi. Montakhab al-lobāb. Edited by al-Din Ahmad, Kabir. 3 vols. Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1869–1874.Google Scholar
Khalidi, Omar. Romance of the Golconda Diamonds. Ahmedabad: Mapin, 1999.Google Scholar
Khuzāni Esfahāni, Fazli. Afzal al-tavārikh. Cambridge, Christ’s College. ms. Dd.5.6.Google Scholar
Kıcıman, Naci Kâşif. Medine Müdafaası Yahut Hicaz Bizden Nasıl Ayrıldı? Istanbul: Sebil Yayinovi, 1971.Google Scholar
Kömmerling-Fitzler, Hedwig. “Der Nürnberger Kaufmann Georg Pock († 1528/9) in Portugiesisch-Indien und im Edelsteinland Vijayanagara.” Mitteilungen des Vereines für Geschichte der Stadt Nürnberg 55 (1967/68): 137–184.Google Scholar
Kopytoff, Igor. “The Cultural Biography of Things: Commoditization as Process.” In The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective. Edited by Appadurai, Arjun, 64–91. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1986.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kosogovskii, V. A. Iz tegeranskogo dnevnika polkovnika V. A. Kosogovskogo. Moskva: IVL 1960.Google Scholar
Kukanova, N. G. “K istorii russko-iranskikh torgovykh otnoshenii v 50–70-tykh godakh XVIII v.” In Iran: Istoria i sovremennost, edited by Kuznetsova, N. A., 80–90. Moskva: Nauka 1983.Google Scholar
Malecka, Anna. “The Mystery of the Nur al-Ayn Diamond.” Gems & Jewellery 23, no. 7 (2014): 20–22.Google Scholar
Malecka, Anna. “The Great Mughal and the Orlov: One and the Same Diamond?” The Journal of Gemmology 35, no. 1 (2016): 56–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malecka, Anna. “Koh-i-Noor’ s Name and the Origin of the Mughal Cut.” The Journal of Gemmology (forthcoming).Google Scholar
Malecka, Anna. “Amulets, Poisons and Royal Splendor: Diamonds in the Islamic World” (unpublished ms).Google Scholar
Manucci, Nicolao. Storia do Mogor or Mogul India. Translated by Irvine, William. London: Murray. 4 vols. 1907–1908.Google Scholar
Marvi, Mohammad Kāzem.ʿ Ālamārā-ye Nāderi. Edited by Amin Riyāhi, Mohammad. 3 vols. Tehran: Zavvār, 1985.Google Scholar
Meen, V. B., and Tushingham, A. D.. “The Darya-i Nur Diamond and the Tavernier’s Great Table.” Lapidary Journal 21, no. 8 (1967): 1000–1009.Google Scholar
Meen, V. B., and Tushingham, A. D.. The Crown Jewels of Iran. Toronto: University of Toronto Press 1968.Google Scholar
Mengal, Mir Aqil. “The Facts about a Diamond.” Pakistan Studies 6–7 (1993): 41–63.Google Scholar
Meylan, Vincent. The Secret Archives of Boucheron. Woodbridge: ACC, 2011.Google Scholar
Mostofi, Abdollah. The Administrative and Social History of the Qajar Period: The Story of my Life. 3 vols. Translated by Glenn, Nayer Mostofi. Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda, 1997.Google Scholar
Meerza, Najaf Koolee. Journal of a Residence in England. Translated by Khayyāt, Asʿad Yaʿqub. 2 vols. London: Tyler, 1839.Google Scholar
Najmi, Nāser. Tehran-e ʿahd-e Nāseri. Tehran: ʿAttār, AH 1364 (1988/1989).Google Scholar
Naraharipandita. Die indischen Mineralien, ihre Namen und die ihnen zugeschriebenen Kräfte. Naraharis Raganighantu varga XIII; Sanskrit u. Dt. Translated by Garbe, Richard. Leipzig: Hirzel, 1882.Google Scholar
Nasawi, Muhammad ibn Ahmad. Sirat Jalāl al-Din Mankubirti. Edited by Hamdi, Hāfiz Ahmad. Cairo: Dār al-Fikr al-ʿArabi, 1953.Google Scholar
Shah, Naser al-Din. Ruznāmeh-ye safar-e Farangestān. Istanbul: n.p., AH 1291 (1874/1875).Google Scholar
Nayeem, M. A. External Relations of the Bijapur Kingdom, 1489–1686 A.D.: A Study in Diplomatic History. Hyderabad: Bright Publishers, 1974.Google Scholar
Nicolson, Harold. A Study in the Old Diplomacy. London: Constable, 1930.Google Scholar
Paoli, Xavier. Leurs majestés. Paris: P. Ollendorff, n.d.Google Scholar
Patai, Raphael. Jadd al-Islam: The Jewish “New Muslims” of Meshhed. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Perry, J. R. “Alam Khan.” In Encyclopedia Iranica, edited by Yarshater, Ehsan. New York: Columbia University Center for Iranian Studies, 1982.Google Scholar
Pointon, Marcia. Brilliant Effects: A Cultural History of Gem Stones and Jewellery. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Prus, Bolesław. Kroniki. 20 vols. Edited by Szweykowski, Zygmunt. Warszawa: PIW, 1956–1970.Google Scholar
Qoddusi, Mohammad. Nādernāmeh. n.p.: Anjoman-e Āsār-e Melli, n.d.Google Scholar
Qudrat Aseel, Maryam. Torn Between Two Cultures: An Afghan-American Woman Speaks Out. Sterling: Capital Books, 2004.Google Scholar
Raby, Julian. Qajar Portraits. London: Azimuth, 1999.Google Scholar
Ratuld-Rakowska, Maria. Podróż Polki do Persyi. 2 vols. Warszawa: n.p., 1904.Google Scholar
Rumi, Jalāl al-Din. Mesnevi-yi şerif-i şerhi-yi Ankaravı. 7 vols. Translated by Ankaravı, İsmail Efendi. Istanbul: Dar üt-tıbaat ül-amire, AH 1289 (1872/1873).Google Scholar
Ruska, Julius. “Der Diamant in der Medizin.” In Zwanzig Abhandlungen zur Geschichte der Medizin. Festschrift Hermann Baas, 121–130. Hamburg: Voss, 1908.Google Scholar
Salim, Mir Mohammad. Selselat al-salātin. Bodleian Library, Oxford, ms. Ethe-Sachau 169-Ouseley 269.Google Scholar
Saltykov, A. D. Puteshestvie v Persiiu, Moskva: n.p., 1849.Google Scholar
Sāravi, Mohammad Fath Allah. Tārikh-e Mohammadi: Ahsan al-tavārikh. Edited by Majd, Gholām Reza Tabātabāyi.Tehran: Amir Kabir, AH 1371(1951/1952).Google Scholar
Sepehr, Mohammad Taqi, al-Molk, Lisān. Nāsekh al-tavārikh. Tārikh-e Qājāriyeh. Edited by Keyānfar, Jamshid. 3 vols. Tehran: Asātir, AH 1377 (1957/1958).Google Scholar
Serena, Carla, Hommes et choses en Perse. Paris: Charpentier, 1883.Google Scholar
Shalem, Avinoam. “Jewels and Journeys: The Case of the Medieval Gemstone Called al-Yatima.” Muqarnas 14 (1997): 42–56. doi: 10.2307/1523235Google Scholar
Shalem, Avinoam. “Objects as Carriers of Real or Contrived Memories in a Cross-Cultural Context.” Mitteilungen zur Spätantiken Archäologie und Byzantinischen Kunstgeschichte 4 (2005): 101–119.Google Scholar
Shirāzi, Rafiʿ al-Din Ebrāhim. Tazkerat al-moluk, British Library, ms. Add. 23883.Google Scholar
Sidor, Kazimierz. Magowie, bogowie i nafta. Warszawa: MON, 1967.Google Scholar
Siebenhüner, Kim. “Precious Things in Motion: Luxury and the Circulation of Jewels in Mughal India.” In Luxury in Global Perspective: Objects and Practices, 1600–2000. Edited by Hofmeester, Karin and Grewe, Bernd-Stefan, 1–26. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Singh, Nahar and Singh, Kirpal. History of Koh-i-Noor, Darya-i-Noor, and Taimur’s Ruby. New Delhi: APD, 1985.Google Scholar
Sotheby’s, . “Portrait de Muzaffar al-din Shah.” Regards sur’ l Orient—tableux et sculptures orientalistes & art islamique. November 18, 2013: LOT 150.Google Scholar
Soudavar, Abolala. The Aura of Kings: Legitimacy and Divine Sanction in Iranian Kingship Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda, 2003.Google Scholar
Sreznevskii, I. I. Khozhenie za tri moriia Afanasiia Nikitina v 1466–1472 gg. Sanktpeterburg; TIAN, 1857.Google Scholar
Story-Maskelyne, Nevil. “The Koh-i-nur—A Criticism.” Nature 44, no. 1145 (Oct. 8, 1891): 555–559. doi: 10.1038/044555a0CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Streeter, Edwin. The Great Diamonds of the World. London: Bell, 1882.Google Scholar
Sucher, Scott; Carriere, Dale. “The Use of Laser and X-Ray Scanning to Create a Model of the Historic Koh-I-Noor Diamond.” Gems & Gemology 44, no. 2 (2008): 124–141. doi: 10.5741/GEMS.44.2.124CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tabatabai, Gholam Hosayn Khan. A Translation of the Sëir Mutaqharin. 3 vols. Calcutta: J. White, 1789.Google Scholar
Tagore, Sourindro Mohun. Mani-mala, Calcutta: I. C. Bose, 1879–1881.Google Scholar
Tanukhi, Abu ʿAli al-Muhassin al-. Nishwār al-muhādara wa akhbār al-mudhākara, 8 vols. Edited by Shālji, ʿAbbud. Beirut: Dār Sādir, AH 1391–1393 (1971/1972-1973/1974).Google Scholar
Tate, George Passman. The Kingdom of Afghanistan: a Historical Sketch. Bombay: Times of India, 1911.Google Scholar
Tavernier, Jean-Baptiste. Les Six Voyages. 3 vols. n.p., 1692.Google Scholar
Tehrāni, Mohammad. Tārikh-e Nādershāhi: Nādernāmeh. Edited by Shaʿ bāni, Reza. Tehran: Motālaʿāt va Tahqiqāt-e Farhangi, AH 1369 (1949/1950).Google Scholar
Tennant, James. “On the Recutting of the Koh-i-noor Diamond.” Report of the 24th Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science (Sept. 1854): 75–76.Google Scholar
Termezi, Samandar. Dastur al-muluk—nazidanie gosudariam: faksimile stareishei rukopisi. Edited and translated by Salakhetdinova, M. A., Moskva: Nauka 1971.Google Scholar
Tillander, Herbert. Diamond Cuts in Historic Jewelry: 1381–1910. London: ABI, 1995.Google Scholar
Tolansky, Samuel. “The Great Table Diamond of Tavernier.” The Journal of Gemmology 8, no. 5 (1962): 171–174. doi: 10.15506/JoG.1962.8.5.171CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Umanets, S. “Persidskii shah i ego dvor.” Istorocheskii vestnik 10 (1891): 223–238.Google Scholar
Vámbéry, Ármin. Vándorlásaim és élményeim Persiában. Pest: Heckenast, 1867.Google Scholar
Van Linschoten, Jan Huygen. Itinerario. 2 vols. Edited by Kern, H.. 's-Gravenhage: Nijhoff, 1910.Google Scholar
Varahamihira. Varahamihira's Brhat samhita. Translated by Ramakrishna Bhat, M.. 2 vols. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1987.Google Scholar
Von Kotzebue, Moritz. Reise nach Persien mit der Russisch Kaiserlichen Gesandtschaft im Jahre 1817. Weimar: n.p., 1819.Google Scholar
Zobayri, Ebrāhim Mirza. Tārikh-e Bijāpur. Basātin al-salātin. Hyderabad: n.p., n.d.Google Scholar
Zokāʾ, Yahya. “Daryā-ye Nūr.” In Encyclopedia Iranica, edited by Yarshater, Ehsan. New York: Columbia University Center for Iranian Studies, 1982–.Google Scholar