Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T05:29:51.511Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Asymmetric Price Relationships in the U.S. Broiler Industry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2015

John C. Bernard
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Resource, and Managerial Economics, Cornell University
Lois Schertz Willett
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural, Resource, and Managerial Economics, Cornell University

Abstract

This study presents a testing methodology to analyze potential price asymmetries among the farm, wholesale, and retail levels of the U.S. broiler industry. Lag length, direction of causality, and asymmetric relationships are empirically determined. Results suggest that concentration and power of the integrators in the industry have allowed the wholesale price to become the center, causal price in the market. Asymmetric price transmissions, however, are limited. While downward movements in the wholesale price are passed on more fully to growers than increases in the wholesale price, only consumers in the North Central region of the U.S. share a larger portion of wholesalers’ price increases than price decreases.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Southern Agricultural Economics Association 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akaike, H.A New Look at the Statistical Identification Model.IEEE Trans. Auto. Control 19(1974):716–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bailey, D., and Brorsen, B.W.. “Price Asymmetry in Spatial Fed Cattle Markets.West. J. Agr. Econ. 14(1989):246–52.Google Scholar
Boyd, M.S., and Brorsen, B.W.. “Price Asymmetry in the U.S. Pork Marketing Channel.N. Cent. J. Agr. Econ. 10(1988):103–09.Google Scholar
Broiler Industry [monthly magazine]. Mt. Morris IL: Watt Publishing Co. Selected issues, 1983-1992.Google Scholar
Gardner, B.L.The Farm-Retail Price Spread in a Competitive Food Industry.Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 57(1975):399409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geweke, J., Meese, R., and Dent, W.. “Comparing Alternative Tests of Causality in Temporal Systems.J. Econometrics 21(1983):161–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Granger, C.W.J.Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-Spectral Methods.Econometrica 37(1969):424–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heien, D.M.Markup Pricing in a Dynamic Model of the Food Industry.Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 62(1980):1018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, J.M., and Hutton, P.A.. “An Application of a New Test of Prima Facie Causality to Livestock Markets.Can. J. Agr. Econ. 39(1991):481–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houck, J.P.An Approach to Specifying and Estimating Nonreversible Functions.Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 59(1977):570–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hsiao, C.Autoregressive Modeling of Canadian Money and Income Data.J. Amer. Statis. Assoc. 74(1979):553–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kinnucan, H.W., and Forker, O.D.. “Asymmetry in Farm-Retail Price Transmission for Major Dairy Products.Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 69(1987):285–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Petroleum News: Factbook Issue [annual bonus issue of National Petroleum News monthly magazine]. New York: Hunter Publishing Ltd. Partnership. Selected annual issues, 1984-1993.Google Scholar
Nelson, C.R., and Kang, H.. “Pitfalls in the Use of Time as an Explanatory Variable in Regression.J. Bus. and Econ. Statis. 2(1984):7382.Google Scholar
Pick, D.H., Karrenbrock, J., and Carman, H.F.. “Price Asymmetry and Marketing Margin Behavior: Arizona Citrus.Agribusiness 6(1990):7584.3.0.CO;2-P>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Punyawadee, V, Boyd, M.S., and Faminow, M.D.. “Testing for Asymmetric Pricing in the Alberta Pork Market.Can. J. Agr. Econ. 39(1991):493501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwarz, G.Estimating the Dimension of a Model.Ann. Statis. 6(1978):461–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sims, C.A.Money, Income, and Causality.Amer. Econ. Rev. 62(1972):540–52.Google Scholar
Thompson, G.D., and Lyon, C.D.. “Marketing Order Impacts on Farm-Retail Price Spreads.Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 71(1989):647–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service. Poultry Market Statistics. USDA/AMS, Washington DC. Various annual issues, 1983-1992.Google Scholar
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. Livestock and Poultry: Situation and Outlook Report. USDA/ERS, Washington DC. Selected issues, 1983-1992.Google Scholar
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. Livestock and Poultry Update. USDA/ERS, Washington DC. Selected issues, 1983-1992.Google Scholar
Ward, R.W.Asymmetry in Retail, Wholesale, and Shipping Point Pricing for Fresh Vegetables.Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 62(1982):205–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wohlgenant, M.K.Demand for Farm Output in a Complete System of Demand Functions.Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 71(1989):241–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolffram, R.Positivistic Measures of Aggregate Supply Elasticities: Some New Approaches—Some Critical Notes.Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 53(1971):356–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar