Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T22:27:26.977Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Permeability of saturated sands, soils and clays

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

P. C. Carman
P. C. Carman
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Rondebosch, University of Cape Town
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

It is shown that the permeability of a water-saturated sand or fine powder can be calculated with considerable accuracy, if the porosity and the specific surface are known. In particular, the Kozeny theory here discussed leads to a very useful relationship between permeability and porosity. It is shown that clays do not conform to the theory in its simple form, but that it may be modified to give a satisfactory representation of the data available. The physical grounds for this modified theory are discussed in some detail, and it is shown that, while it is open to criticism, it is at least in harmony with our present knowledge of clays.

An important deduction which follows from the modified theory is that clays may have zero permeability at quite considerable porosities, e.g. at ∈ = 0·207 for a clay soil, and ∈ = 0·355 for a plastic clay.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 29 , Issue 2 , April 1939 , pp. 262 - 273
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1939

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Bastow, S. H. & Bowden, F. P. (1935). Proc. roy. Soc. A, 151, 220.Google Scholar
Carman, P. C. (1937). Trans. Instn chem. Engrs, 15, 150.Google Scholar
Carman, P. C. (1938). J. Soc. chem. Ind., Lond., 57, 225t.Google Scholar
Darapsky, A. (1912). Z. Math. Phys. 60, 170.Google Scholar
Graton, L. C. & Fraser, H. J. (1935). J. Oeol. 43, 785.Google Scholar
Hofmann, U., Endell, K. & Wilm, D. (1934). Z. angew. Chem. 47, 539.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howink, R. (1937). Elasticity, Plasticity and Structure of Matter, pp. 333 et seq. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Kozeny, J. (1927). S.B. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 136 a, 271.Google Scholar
Kozeny, J. (1932). Kulturtechniker. 35, 478.Google Scholar
Krüger, E. (1918). Int. Mitt. Bodenk. 8, 105.Google Scholar
Macey, A. (1938). Private communication.Google Scholar
Marshall, C. E. (1936). Sci. Progr. 30, 422.Google Scholar
Mattson, S. (1931). Soil Sci. 33, 301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muskat, M. (1937). Flow of Homogeneous Fluids through Porous Media, pp. 55 et seq. New York.Google Scholar
Sklarew, S. (1934). Industr. Engng Chem. (Anal. ed.), 6, 152.Google Scholar
Slichter, C. (1897–1898). Rep. U.S. geol. Surv. 2, 305.Google Scholar
Terzaghi, C. (1925). Engng News Rec. 95, 832.Google Scholar
Zunker, F. (1932). Z. PflErnähr. Düng. A, 25, 1.Google Scholar