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Broilers’ behavioural adjustments when submitted to natural heat stress and fed different maize particle sizes in the diet

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 March 2020

M. M. Santos ,
J. B. F. Souza-Junior Open the ORCID record for J. B. F. Souza-Junior [Opens in a new window] ,
J. P. A. F. Queiroz ,
M. K. O. Costa ,
H. F. F. Lima ,
A. M. V. Arruda  and
L. L. M. Costa
M. M. Santos
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biometeorology and Environmental Biophysics, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Brazil
J. B. F. Souza-Junior*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biometeorology and Environmental Biophysics, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Brazil
J. P. A. F. Queiroz
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biometeorology and Environmental Biophysics, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Brazil
M. K. O. Costa
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
H. F. F. Lima
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Precision Nutrition, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Brazil
A. M. V. Arruda
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Precision Nutrition, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Brazil
L. L. M. Costa
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biometeorology and Environmental Biophysics, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: J. B. F. Souza-Junior, E-mail: souza.jr@ufersa.edu.br
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Abstract

Since behavioural adjustments are an important line of defence against thermal stress, either due to their energy efficiency or to efficiency at preventing overheating, we aimed to evaluate whether broilers fed different maize particle sizes adjusted their behaviour to deal with heat stress challenges. At several times a day, the behaviour of 220 naked neck broilers was evaluated. These broilers were fed with isonutritive diets containing maize with different geometric mean diameters (GMD): 605 and 2280 μm. The thermal environment was monitored during the experiment. Panting and open wings were the only behaviours that showed differences between the times of day (P < 0.05). However, GMD showed a significant effect on feed intake and panting (P < 0.05). The interaction between GMD and time of day was significant only on panting (P < 0.05). Although no daily variation was observed, the highest feed intake was observed in broilers fed the diet containing maize with a GMD of 2280 μm. Less than 5% of the broilers were observed drinking water during the day. Open wings was the behavioural adjustment most used by broilers from 10:00 h, and remained elevated until 14:00 h for both GMDs. The birds panted more when fed the diet containing maize with a GMD of 2280 μm. In conclusion, broilers adjust their behaviour to dissipate excess body heat from the environment and as a result of feed intake. Coarse particles of maize in the diet increase the thermal challenge of broilers since the environment also provides stressful thermal conditions.

Keywords

Behavioural responsecoarsergeometric mean diameterheat stresspoultry
Type
Animal Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 157 , Issue 9-10 , December 2019 , pp. 743 - 748
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2020

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