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Differences in warming impacts on wheat productivity among varieties released in different eras in North China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2015

C. Y. ZHENG ,
J. CHEN ,
Z. W. SONG ,
A. X. DENG ,
L. N. JIANG ,
B. M. ZHANG  and
W. J. ZHANG
C. Y. ZHENG
Affiliation:
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
J. CHEN
Affiliation:
Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System for the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanchang 330200, People's Republic of China
Z. W. SONG
Affiliation:
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
A. X. DENG
Affiliation:
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
L. N. JIANG
Affiliation:
College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
B. M. ZHANG
Affiliation:
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
W. J. ZHANG*
Affiliation:
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
*
*To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Email: zhangweijian@caas.cn
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Summary

Ten leading varieties of winter wheat released during 1950–2009 in North China were tested in a free-air temperature increase (FATI) facility. The FATI facility mimicked the local air temperature pattern well, with an increase of 1·1 °C in the daily mean temperature. For all the tested varieties, warming caused a significant reduction in the total length of wheat growth period by 5 days and especially in the pre-anthesis period, where it was reduced by 9 days. However, warming increased wheat biomass production and grain yield by 8·4 and 11·4%, respectively, on an average of all the tested varieties. There was no significant difference in the warming-led reduction in the entire growth period among the tested varieties. Interestingly, the warming-led increments in biomass production and grain yield increased along with the variety release year. Significantly higher warming-led increases in post-anthesis biomass production and 1000-grain weight were found in the new varieties compared to the old ones. Meanwhile, a significant improvement in plant productivity was noted due to wheat breeding during the past six decades, while no significant difference in the length of entire growth period was found among the varieties released in different eras. The results demonstrate that historical wheat breeding might have enhanced winter wheat productivity and adaptability through exploiting the positive effects rather than mitigating the negative impacts of warming on wheat growth in North China.

Type
Climate Change and Agriculture Research Papers
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 153 , Issue 8 , November 2015 , pp. 1353 - 1364
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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