Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T14:16:59.810Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of palm kernel cake (Elaeis guineensis) on intake, digestibility, performance, ingestive behaviour and carcass traits in Nellore bulls

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 January 2019

Claudia H. Cruz ,
Thadeu M. Silva ,
Nivaldo B. Santana Filho ,
André G. Leão ,
Ossival L. Ribeiro ,
Gleidson G. P. Carvalho ,
Leilson R. Bezerra  and
Ronaldo L. Oliveira Open the ORCID record for Ronaldo L. Oliveira [Opens in a new window]
Claudia H. Cruz
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 40170110, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
Thadeu M. Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 40170110, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
Nivaldo B. Santana Filho
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 40170110, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
André G. Leão
Affiliation:
Department of Agrarian and Technological Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Rodovia Rondonópolis-Guiratinga km 06 BR, Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, Brasil
Ossival L. Ribeiro
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia, 710, Rui Barbosa Avenue, 44380-000, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brasil
Gleidson G. P. Carvalho
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia, 710, Rui Barbosa Avenue, 44380-000, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brasil
Leilson R. Bezerra
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Piaui, Rodovia Bom Jesus-Viana, km 135, 64900000, Bom Jesus, Piaui, Brazil
Ronaldo L. Oliveira*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, 500 Adhemar de Barros Avenue, 40170110, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
*
Author for correspondence: Ronaldo L. Oliveira, E-mail: ronaldooliveira@ufba.br
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The objective of the current experiment was to determine the effects of increasing levels of palm kernel cake in a finishing diet on feed intake, digestibility, performance, ingestive behaviour and carcass traits in zebu bulls. Thirty-two Nellore bulls (420 ± 25.0 kg initial body weight [BW] and 24-months-old), were assigned randomly to individual pens with four treatments (0, 70, 140 and 210 g/kg of palm kernel cake by total dry matter [DM]) and eight replicates per treatment. The inclusion of palm kernel cake linearly decreased DM, crude protein and non-fibrous carbohydrate intake and increased ether extraction intake and digestibility. There was a linear decrease in final BW and hot carcass weight (HCW) associated with palm kernel cake inclusion in the bull diet. However, the gain : feed ratio was similar among the diets. Eating and rumination rates (g DM or neutral detergent fibre/h) were reduced, whereas the total chewing time and idling (min/day) were not affected by palm kernel cake inclusion. There were no effects of palm kernel cake inclusion on most quantitative carcass characteristics and qualitative carcass attributes (subcutaneous fat thickness, longissimus muscle area, colour, texture and marbling). The inclusion of palm kernel cake (up to 210 g/kg total DM) in beef cattle finishing diets decreased eating and rumination rates, thereby decreasing average daily gain and, consequently, final BW and HCW. However, qualitative carcass attributes were not affected by the use of palm kernel cake.

Keywords

Beef cattleElaeis guineensisfeedlotnutritionpalm kernel
Type
Animal Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 156 , Issue 9 , November 2018 , pp. 1145 - 1152
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abubakr, A, Alimon, AR, Yaakub, H, Abdullah, N and Ivan, M (2015) Effect of 90 palm oil by-products based diets on muscle fatty acid composition in goats. PLoS ONE 10, e0119756.Google Scholar
AOAC (2000) Official Methods of Analysis, 17th Edn. Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Bezerra, LR, Edvan, RL, Oliveira, RL, Silva, AMA, Bayao, GFV, Pereira, FB and Oliveira, WDC (2015) Hemato-biochemical profile and milk production of crossbred Girolando cows supplemented with product dehydrated cashew. Semina: Ciências Agrarias 36, 3329–3340.Google Scholar
Burger, PJ, Pereira, JC, Queiroz, AC, Silva, JFC, Valadares Filho, SC, Cecon, PR and Casali, ADP (2000) Ingestive behavior in Holstein calves fed diets with different concentrate levels. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 29, 236–242.Google Scholar
Casali, AO, Detmann, E, Valadares Filho, SC, Pereira, JC, Henriques, LT, de Freitas, SG and Paulino, MF (2008) Influence of incubation time and particles size on indigestible compounds contents in cattle feeds and feces obtained by in situ procedures. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 37, 335–342.Google Scholar
Cerutti, WG, Viegas, J, Barbosa, AM, Oliveira, RL, Dias, CA, Costa, ES, Nornberg, JL, de Carvalho, GGP, Bezerra, LR and Silveira, AM (2016) Fatty acid profiles of milk and minas frescal cheese from lactating grazed cows supplemented with peanut cake. Journal of Dairy Research 83, 42–49.Google Scholar
Costa, JB, Oliveira, RL, Silva, TM, Ribeiro, RDX, Silva, AM, Leão, AG, Bezerra, LR and Rocha, TC (2016) Intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance, performance, and carcass yield of lambs fed licuri cake. Journal of Animal Science 94, 2973–2980.Google Scholar
de Gouvêa, AA, Oliveira, RL, Leão, AG, Assis, DY, Bezerra, LR, Nascimento Júnior, NG, Trajano, JS and Pereira, ES (2015) Color, sensory and physicochemical attributes of beef burger made using meat from young bulls fed levels of licuri cake. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 96, 3668–3672.Google Scholar
Ferreira, AC, Oliveira, RL, Balgado, AR, Carvalho, GGP, Santos, RNV and Oliveira, PA (2012) Intake, digestibility and intake behaviour in cattle fed different levels of palm kernel cake. Revista MVZ Córdoba 17, 3105–3112.Google Scholar
Gonzaga Neto, S, Oliveira, RL, de Lima, FH, de Medeiros, AN, Bezerra, LR, Viégas, J, do Nascimento, NG Jr and Freitas Neto, MD (2015) Milk production, intake, digestion, blood parameters, and ingestive behavior of cows supplemented with by-products from the biodiesel industry. Tropical Animal Health and Production 47, 191–200.Google Scholar
Huhtanen, P, Detmann, E and Krizsan, SJ (2016) Prediction of rumen fiber pool in cattle from dietary, fecal, and animal variables. Journal of Dairy Science 99, 5345–5357.Google Scholar
Johnson, TR and Combs, DK (1991) Effects of prepartum diet, inert rumen bulk, and dietary polyethylene glycol on dry matter intake of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 933–944.Google Scholar
Licitra, G, Hernandez, TM and Van Soest, PJ (1996) Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds. Animal Feed Science and Technology 57, 347–358.Google Scholar
Lima, LS, Oliveira, RL, Garcez Neto, AF, Bagaldo, AR, Abreu, CL, Silva, TM, Carvalho, ST and Bezerra, LR (2015) Licuri oil supplements for lactating cows on pasture. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 95, 617–624.Google Scholar
Medeiros, FF, Bezerra, LR, de Silva, AMA, Carneiro, H, de Morais, RKO, Moreira, MN and Pereira Filho, JM (2015) Greenhouse gases, short-chain fatty acids and ruminal ph in vitro of biodiesel byproducts to replace corn silage. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 16, 935–947.Google Scholar
Mertens, DR (1997) Creating a system for meeting the fiber requirements of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 80, 1463–1481.Google Scholar
Mertens, DR (2002) Gravimetric determination of amylase-treated neutral detergent fiber in feeds with refluxing in beakers or crucibles: collaborative study. Journal of AOAC International 85, 1217–1240.Google Scholar
Müller, L (1987) Normas para Avaliação de Carcaças e Concurso de Carcaças de Novilhos (Standards for Carcass Evaluation and Tender for Carcass of Steers), 2nd Edn. Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Federal University of Santa Maria.Google Scholar
NRC (2000) Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle: Seventh Revised Edition. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.Google Scholar
NRC (2001) Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle: Seventh Revised Edition. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.Google Scholar
Oliveira, RL, Faria, MMS, Silva, R, Bezerra, LR, Carvalho, GGP, Pinheiro, A, Simionato, J and Leão, AG (2015 a) Fatty acid profile of milk and cheese from dairy cows supplemented a diet with palm kernel cake. Molecules 20, 15434–15448.Google Scholar
Oliveira, RL, Palmieri, AD, Carvalho, ST, Leão, AG, de Abreu, CL, Ribeiro, CVDM, Pereira, ES, de Carvalho, GGP and Bezerra, LR (2015 b) Commercial cuts and chemical and sensory attributes of meat from crossbred boer goats fed sunflower cake-based diets. Animal Science Journal 86, 557–562.Google Scholar
Owaimer, AN, Kraidees, MS, Al-Saiady, M, Zahran, S and Abouheif, MA (2004) Effect of feeding olive cake in complete diet on performance and nutrient utilization of lambs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 17, 491–496.Google Scholar
Palmquist, DL (1991) Influence of source and amount of dietary fat on digestibility in lacting cows. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 1354–1360.Google Scholar
Pimentel, LR, da Silva, FF, Silva, RR, Schio, AR, Rodrigues, ESO and de Oliveira, PA (2015) Ingestive behavior of lactating cows fed palm kernel cake in the diet. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 37, 83–89.Google Scholar
Sanders, DM, Calmon, TCBS, Oliveira, RL, Pinto, LFB, Estrela-Lima, A, Oliveira, RL, Silva, TM and Ribeiro, RDX (2015) Histomorphometrics of the ruminal epithelium of ½ blood Bôer goats submitted to diets with pies from the production of biodiesel. Arquivos Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 67, 433–440.Google Scholar
Santana Filho, NB, Oliveira, RL, Cruz, CH, Leão, AG, Ribeiro, OL, Borja, MS, Silva, TM and Abreu, CL (2015) Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of meat from young Nellore bulls fed different levels of palm kernel cake. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 96, 3590–3595.Google Scholar
Santos, RC, Alves, KS, Mezzomo, R, Oliveira, LRS, Cutrim, DO, Gomes, DI, Leite, GP and Araújo, MYS (2016) Performance of feedlot lambs fed palm kernel cake-based diets. Tropical Animal Health and Production 48, 367–372.Google Scholar
SAS Institute (2003) SAS Systems for Windows, Version 9.1. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute Inc.Google Scholar
Shi, FH, Fang, L, Meng, QX, Wu, H, Du, JP, Xie, XX, Ren, LP and Zhou, B (2014) Effects of partial or total replacement of maize with alternative feed source on digestibility, growth performance, blood metabolites and economics in limousin crossbred cattle. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 27, 1443–1451.Google Scholar
Silva, RLNV, Oliveira, RL, Ribeiro, OL, Leão, AG, Carvalho, GGP, Ferreira, AC, Pinto, LFB and Pereira, ES (2013) Palm kernel cake for lactating cows in pasture: intake, digestibility, and blood parameters. Italian Journal of Animal Science 12, 257–264.Google Scholar
Uchockis, V, Švirmickas, GJ and Baltrukonienė, G (2014) The effects of linseed cake supplementation on the growth and quality of carcass and meat of fattening bulls. Veterinarija ir Zootechnika 66, 73–77.Google Scholar
Van Soest, PJ (1994) Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant, 2nd Edn. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Van Soest, PJ, Robertson, JB and Lewis, BA (1991) Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarchpolyssacharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3583–3597.Google Scholar
Visoná-Oliveira, M, Ferreira, IC, Macedo Junior, GL, Sousa, LF, de Sousa, JTL and dos Santos, RP (2015) Nutrients intake and digestibility of palm kernel cake in sheep diet. Ciencia Animal Brasileira 16, 179–192.Google Scholar
Weiss, WP (1999) Energy prediction equations for ruminant feeds. In New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (ed.), Proceedings of the Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell University, pp. 176–185.Google Scholar