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The responses of winter cultivars of common wheat, durum wheat and spelt to agronomic factors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2019

W. S. Budzyński ,
K. Bepirszcz ,
K. J. Jankowski ,
B. Dubis ,
A. Hłasko-Nasalska ,
M. M. Sokólski ,
J. Olszewski  and
D. Załuski
W. S. Budzyński
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
K. Bepirszcz
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
K. J. Jankowski*
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
B. Dubis
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
A. Hłasko-Nasalska
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
M. M. Sokólski
Affiliation:
Department of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Production Management and Agribusiness, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
J. Olszewski
Affiliation:
Experimental Education Unit, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
D. Załuski
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland
*
Author for correspondence: K. J. Jankowski, E-mail: krzysztof.jankowski@uwm.edu.pl
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Abstract

A field experiment with the 35–1 fractional factorial design and five factors (k = 5) at three levels (s = 3) was performed in 2007–2010 at the Agricultural Experiment Station in Bałcyny, north-eastern (NE) Poland. The results of the experiment carried out under the agro-ecological conditions of NE Poland confirmed the high yield potential of common wheat and satisfactory yield potential of spelt and durum wheat. On average, durum wheat and spelt yields were 2.14 and 2.55 t/ha lower, respectively, than common wheat yields. Sowing date was not correlated with the yields of analysed Triticum species. Seed rate (350, 450 and 550 seeds/m2) had no significant influence on the grain yield of winter cultivars of common wheat, durum wheat and spelt. Common wheat cv. Oliwin and durum wheat cv. Komnata were characterized by the highest yields in response to nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates calculated based on the Nmin content of soil. An increase in the spring fertilizer rate by 40 kg N/ha in excess of the balanced N rate was not justified because it did not induce a further increase in the grain yield of common wheat and durum wheat. The grain yield of spelt cv. Schwabenkorn continued to increase in response to the highest rate of N fertilizer in spring (40 kg N/ha higher than the optimal rate). Intensified fungicide treatments improved grain yield in all Triticum species.

Keywords

Disease controlfactorial designnitrogenseed ratesowing date
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 156 , Issue 10 , December 2018 , pp. 1163 - 1174
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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