Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T06:31:14.388Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

An Ever-contested Poem: The Classic of Poetry's “Hanyi” and the Sino-Korean History Debate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 May 2012

Jae-Hoon Shim
Get access

Abstract

Since 2003, the dispute over the history of the ancient kingdom of Koguryŏ (37 bce, trad.-668 ce), located in Manchuria and northern Korea, has been one of the hottest issues between China and Korea. The debate seems to have fueled a new nationalistic or Sinocentric historiography of the ancient Chinese northeast. A ninth century BCE poem called “Hanyi” in the Classic of Poetry [Shijing] has been the cause of a far older history dispute. Whereas Chinese scholars have generally understood Han as a Zhou feudal state ruled by a Ji-surnamed scion of the Zhou Dynasty (1045–256 bce), most Korean scholars have linked the polity with Old Chosŏn (n.d.-108 bce), the earliest known state in Korean history. However, by comparing the “Hanyi” with several bronze inscriptions with similar contents, this study seeks to re-read the “Hanyi” from a perspective that transcends the dichotomy of Chinese history versus Korean history.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 71 , Issue 2 , May 2012 , pp. 475 - 497
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Ahn, Yonson. 2006. “Competing Nationalisms: The Mobilisation of History and Archaeology in the Korea-China Wars over Koguryo/Gaogouli.” The Asia Pacific Journal: Japan Focus, February 9. http://japanfocus.org/products/details/1837 (accessed March 1, 2010).Google Scholar
Byington, Mark. 2004. “The War of Words between South Korea and China over a Kingdom: Why Both Sides Are Misguided.” History News Network, September 6. http://hnn.us/articles/7077.html (accessed February 10, 2009).Google Scholar
Hanping, Chen. 1986. Xizhou ceming zhidu yanjiu [Studies on the Western Zhou investiture system]. Shanghai: Xuelin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Huan, Chen. 1995. Shi Maoshi zhuan shu [Submentary to Mao lineage's tradition to the (Classic of) Poetry]. Xuxiu Siku quanshu [Continued revision of the Emperor's Four Treasures]. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe.Google Scholar
Pan, Chen. 1969. Chunqiu Dashibiao lieguo juexing ji cunmiaobiao zhuanyi [Collated divergences to the “Table of Ranks, Clan-affiliations, and times of Existence and Annihilation of the Allied Polities” in (Gu Donggao's) “Tables of Major Events During the Spring and Autumn Period”]. Taibei: Zhongyan yanjouyuan lishi yuyan yanjiusuo.Google Scholar
Shou, Chen. 1959. Sanguozhi [History of the Three Kingdoms]. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.Google Scholar
Zhaorong, Chen. 2007. “Cong qingtongqi mingwen kan liang-Zhou wangshi hunyin guanxi” [The marriage relations of the Western and Eastern Zhou royal family viewed from the bronze inscriptions], Guwenzi yu gudaishi (1):253–92.Google Scholar
Di cosmo, Nicola. 1999. “The Northern Frontier in Pre-Imperial China.” In The Cambridge History of Ancient China, eds. Loewe, Michael and Shaughnessy, Edward L., 886–966. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Duara, Prasenjit. 2008. “The Global and Regional Constitution of Nations: the View from East Asia.” Nations and Nationalism 14(2):323–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Falkenhausen, Lothar von. 2011. “The Royal Audience and Its Reflections in Western Zhou Bronze Inscriptions.” In Writing and Literacy in Early China: Studies from the Columbia Early China Seminar, eds. Feng, Li and Prager Branner, David239–70. Seattle: University of Washington Press.Google Scholar
Ye, Fan. 1959. Hou Hanshu [History of Later Han]. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.Google Scholar
Fang Shiming, and Wang Xiuling, . 1981. Guben Zhushu jinian jizheng [Collected proof of the Ancient Bamboo Annals]. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe.Google Scholar
Xuanling, Fang. 1959. Jinshu [History of Jin]. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.Google Scholar
Gao Heng, . 1980. Shijing Jinzhu [Modern commentary to the Book of Poetry]. Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe.Google Scholar
Yanwu, Gu. 1994. Rizhilu jishi [Collected interpretations of the Daily Accumulation of the Knowledge]. Changsha: Yuelu shushe.Google Scholar
Chi'yun, Han. 1996. Kukyŏk Haidong yŏksa [History of Korea: Korean Translation], trans. Chŏng Sŏnyong. Seoul: Minjok munhwa ch'ujin wiwŏknhoi.Google Scholar
Han, Young-woo. 1985. “Kija Worship in the Koryŏ and Early Yi Dynasties: A Cultural Symbol in the Relationship Between Korea and China.” In the Rise of Neo-Confucianism in Korea, ed. de Bary, Wm. Theodore and Haboush, JaHyun Kim, 349–74. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Hsu, Cho-yun and Linduff, Katheryn. 1988. Western Chou Civilization. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huainanzi [Masters of Huainan] 1936. Sibu beiyao edition.Google Scholar
JC: Yin Zhou jinwen jicheng [Corpus of Shang and Zhou bronze inscriptions]. 1984–94. 18 vols. Compiled by Zhongguo shehui kexueyuan kaogu yanjiusuo. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.Google Scholar
Karlgren, Bernhard. 1950. The Book of Odes: Chinese Text, Transcript and Translation. Stockholm: The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities.Google Scholar
Kim Sanggi, . 1984. “Han, Ye, Maek idong ko” [On the Migrations of Han, Ye and Maek]. Tongbangsa nonch'ong, 355–68. Seoul: Seoul National University Press.Google Scholar
Daoyuan, Li. 1983. Shuijing zhu [Commentary to the Water Classic]. Taibei: Shijie shuhu.Google Scholar
Li, Feng, . 2001–2002. “‘Office’ in Bronze Inscriptions and Western Zhou Government Administration.” Early China 26–27: 1–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, Feng, . 2002. “Literacy Crossing Cultural Borders: Evidence from the Bronze Inscriptions of the Western Zhou Period (1045–771 B.C.).” The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquity 74:210–42.Google Scholar
Li, Feng, . 2006. Landscape and Power in Early China: The Crisis and Fall of the Western Zhou, 1045–771 B.C. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, Feng, . 2008. Bureaucracy and the State in Early China: Governing the Western Zhou. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Loewe, Michael, ed. 1993. Early Chinese Texts: A Bibliographical Guide. Berkeley, CA: The Society for the Study of Early China.Google Scholar
Liancheng, Lu. 1984. “Xizhou Zeguo shiji kaolüe ji xiangguan wenti” [A brief study on the historical vestige of Ze polity in the Western Zhou and the related problems]. In Xizhoushi yanjiu [Studies on the Western Zhou history]. Xi'an: Renwen zazhi bianjibu.Google Scholar
Xizhang, Luo, et al. 1976. “Shaanxi Fufeng chutu Bo Dong zhuqi” [Bo dong related vessels unearthed from Fufeng, Shaanxi]. Wenwu 6: 51–60.Google Scholar
Mattos, Gilbert L. 1997. “Eastern Zhou Bronze Inscriptions.” In New Sources of Early Chinese History: An Introduction to the Reading of Inscription and Manuscripts, ed. Shaughnessy, Edward L., 85–123. Berkeley, CA: Society for the Study of Early China.Google Scholar
Nylan, Michael. 1992. The Shifting Center: The Original “Great Plan” and Later Readings. Nettetal: Steyler Verlag.Google Scholar
Qu Wanli, . 1980. Shijing shiyi [Interpreted meanings of the Book of Poetry]. Taibei: Zhongguo wenhua daxue chubanshe.Google Scholar
Ri Chirin, . 1964. Ko Chosŏn yŏn'gu [A Study on Old Chosŏn]. P'yŏngyang: Hagu sŏbang.Google Scholar
Rickett, Allyn. 1998. Guanzi: Political, Economic, and Philosophical Essays from Early China A Study and Translation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaberg, David. 2001. “Texts and Artifacts: A Review of The Cambridge History of Ancient China.” Monumenta Serica 49:463–515.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaanxisheng kaogu yanjiusuo Shang Zhou yanjiushi,, et al. 2006. “Shaanxi sheng Hancheng shi Liangdaicun Zhoumu fajue zuotanhui jiyao” [Record of the research symposium on the excavation of the Zhou tombs at Liangdaicun, Hancheng in Shaanxi province]. Kaogu yu wenwu (2):1–6.Google Scholar
Shaughnessy, Edward L. 1991. Sources of Western Zhou History: Inscribed Bronze Vessels. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Shaughnessy, Edward L.. 1999. “Western Zhou History.” In The Cambridge History of Ancient China, ed. Loewe, Michael and Shaughnessy, Edward L., 292–351. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaughnessy, Edward L.. 2006. Rewriting Early Chinese Texts. Albany: State University of New York Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Changyun, Shen. 1982. “Xizhou er Han diwang kao” [A study on the locations of two Hans during the Western Zhou period]. Zhongguoshi yanjiu 2:135–38.Google Scholar
Shim, Jae-hoon. 2002. “A New Understanding of Kija Chosŏn as a Historical Anachronism.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 62.2:271–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shim, Jae-hoon. 2005. “Chusŏ ŭi Yung'ŭn kwa Sŏju kŭmmun ŭi Yung” [The “Rong Yin” 戎殷 in the Zhoushu and Rong 戎 in the Western Zhou bronze inscriptions]. Tongyang sahak yŏn'gu 92:1–36.Google Scholar
Shim, Jae-hoon. 2006. “Kŭmmun e nat'anan Sŏju kunsaryŏk kusŏng kwa wanggwŏn” [The composition of Western Zhou mobilized powers and the kingship: Based on the warfare bronze inscriptions]. Chungguksa yŏngu 41: 1–77.Google Scholar
Shizuka, Shirakawa. 1962–84. Kinbun tsūshaku [Comprehensive glosses on bronze inscriptions]. Hakutsuru Bijutsukanshi vols. 1–56. Kōbe: Hakutsuru Bijutsukan.Google Scholar
Qian, Sima. 1959. Shiji [Records of Historian]. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.Google Scholar
Sun, Yan. 2003. “Bronzes, Mortuary Practice and Political Strategies of the Yan During the Early Western Zhou Period.” Antiquity 77 (298): 761–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang Jipei, . 1985. Qianfu lun jian jiaozheng [Proofreadings of the Commentary to the Comments of a Recluse]. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.Google Scholar
Shou, Wei. 1959. Weishu [History of Wei]. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.Google Scholar
Xu Zhongshu, . 1992. Xian Qinshi lunkao [Articles on Pre-Qin history]. Chengdu: Boshu shushe.Google Scholar
Bojun, Yang. 1981. Chunqiu Zuozhuan zhu [A commentary to the Chunqiu Zuozhuan]. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.Google Scholar
Kuan, Yang. 1999. Xizhoushi [Western Zhou history]. Shanghai: Shanghai renmin chubanshe.Google Scholar
Silian, Yao. 1959. Liangshu [History of Liang]. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.Google Scholar
Hyŏnggu, Yi. 1991. “Taerŭngha yuyŏk ŭi Ŭnmal Chuch'o ch'ŏngdonggi munhwa wa Kija mit Kija Chosŏn” [Kija or Kija Chosŏn from the bronze culture of the Daling River valley in the late Shang and early Zhou]. Han'guk sanggosa hakpo (5):7–33.Google Scholar
Kyugyŏng, Yi. 1959. Oju yŏnmun changjŏn sango [Random expatiations of Oju's useless long writings]. Seoul: Tongguk munhwasa.Google Scholar
Naehyŏn, Yun. 1986. Han'guk kodeasa sillon [New theories on early Korean history]. Seoul: Ilchisa.Google Scholar
Taiyan, Zhang. 1992. Taiyan wenlu shubian [A second edition of Taiyan's writings and records]. Shanghai; Shanghai shudian.Google Scholar
Fenghan, Zhu. 2004. Shang Zhou jiazu xingtai yanjiu [Studies on Shang and Zhou family formations]. Tianjin: Tianjin guji chubanshe.Google Scholar
Xuan, Zheng. 1980. Maoshi zhengyi [Rectified meanings of the Maoshi]. In Shisanjing zhushu [The Thirteen Classics, with commentaries and submentaries]. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.Google Scholar
Xi, Zhu. 1936. Shi jizhuan [Collected Tradition of the (Classic of) Poetry]. Sibu congkan edition.Google Scholar