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Science and Civilisation in China

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Science and Civilisation in China. By NeedhamJoseph, with the collaboration of Wang Ling. Volume 4. Physics and Physical Technology. Part II. Mechanical Engineering. Cambridge, England: At the University Press, 1965. lvi, 759 pp., 158 pl. n.p.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2011

N. Sivin
Affiliation:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Abstract

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Type
Review Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 1968

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References

1 Science and Civilisation in China, III, 150168Google Scholar; “Science and Society in China and the West,” Centaurus, X (1964), 174197Google Scholar, also printed as “Science and Society in East and West” in The Science of Science: Society in the Technological Age (ed. Goldsmith, Maurice and Mackay, Alan; London, 1964), pp. 127149Google Scholar. The same book was published in New York by Simon and Schuster as Society and Science.

2 Nakayama, Shigeru, “Joseph Needham, Philosopher of Organism,” Japanese Studies in the History of Science, VI (1967), 138154Google Scholar; Cohen, Robert, “Is the Philosophy of Science Germane to the History of Science? The Work of Meyerson and Needham,”Google ScholarActes du Xe Congrés International d'Histoire des Sciences Ithaca: Proc. Xth International Congress for History of Science (Paris: Hermann, 1964), pp. 213–223.

3 For a masterly evaluation of Needham's command of the history of technology, see the review of Lynn White, Jr., in Isis, LVIII (1967), 248251.Google Scholar

4 Since the publication of Volume 4, Part II, Needham has announced the discovery in China of a painting which pushes the priority for the standard method of introconversion of rotary and longitudinal motion (eccentric, connecting-rod and piston-rod assembly) back three centuries to 970. See his Presidential Address to the British Association, “The Roles of Europe and China in the Evolution of Oecumenical Science,” The Advancement of Science, XXIV (september 1967), 116Google Scholar, an invaluable report on work in progress with references to recent publications.

5 The italicized words in “If you don't have an ox or a horse to attach to it …” are also Needham's interpolation; the conclusion that wheelbarrows were drawn by animals in the second century A.D. is unwarranted.