Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-l4dxg Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-28T11:50:06.467Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

“A Symbol of Freedom”: The Indian Flag and the Transformations of Nationalism, 1906–2002

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 March 2007

Roy Srirupa
Roy Srirupa
Affiliation:
(srirupa@polsci.urmass.edu) Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst.
Get access

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 65 , Issue 3 , August 2006 , pp. 495 - 527
Copyright
Copyright © Association for Asian Studies 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Abraham, Itty. 1998. The Making of the Indian Atomic Bomb: Science, Secrecy and the Postcolonial State. Delhi: Orient Longman.Google Scholar
Abraham, Itty. 2000. “Landscape and Postcolonial Science.” Contributions to Indian Sociology 34:163–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, Benedict. 1991. Imagined Communities. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Appadurai, Arjun. 1988. “Putting Hierarchy in its Place.” Cultural Anthropology 3(1):36–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Appadurai, Arjun. 1996. “Sovereignty Without Territoriality: Notes for a Postnational Geography.” In The Geography of Identity, ed. Yaeger, P. 40–58. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Augé, Marc. 1995. Non-Places: Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Bhagwati, Jagdish. 1993. India in Transition: Freeing the Economy. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Billig, Michael. 1995. Banal Nationalism. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1991. Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Brubaker, Rogers. 1996. Nationalism Reframed: Nationhood and the National Questionin the New Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cerulo, Karen. 1995. Identity Designs: The Sights and Sounds of a Nation. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Chatterjee, Partha. 1986. Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse. London: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Chatterjee, Partha. 1993. The Nation and its Fragments. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Chatterji, Suniti Kumar. 1931. “The National Flag.” Modern Review 53 (June):683–87.Google Scholar
Cohen, Jerome Allen and Shao-Chuan, Leng. 1972. “The Sino-Indian Dispute over the Internment and Detention of Chinese in India.” In China's Practice of International Law: Some Case Studies, ed. Cohen, Jerome Allen, 268–320. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Corbridge, Stuart and John, Harriss. 2000. Reinventing India: Liberalization, Hindu Nationalism and Popular Democracy. Cambridge, England: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Deshpande, Satish. 2003. Contemporary India: A Sociological View. New Delhi: Viking.Google Scholar
Fernandes, Leela. 2000. “Restructuring the New Middle Class in Liberalizing India.” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 20:88–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Firth, Raymond. 1973. Symbols, Public and Private. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Fitzgerald, John. 1995. “The Stars on China's Flag: Appropriating the Universe for the Nation.” In The State in Transition: Reimagining Political Space, ed. Camilleri, Joseph P., Jarvis, Anthony, and Paolini, Albert, 91–104. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frankel, Francine. 1978. India's Political Economy, 1947–1977: The Gradual Revolution. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1921a. “The National Flag.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 23, 6 April 1921–21 July 1921, 33–35.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1921b. “The Sikh Colour.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 24, 22 July 1921–25 October 1921, 42–43.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1926. “National Education.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 35, 2 April 1926–7 July 1926, 304–6.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1929. “Speech at Lucknow.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 47, 1 September 1929–20 November 1929, 169.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1930. “The National Flag.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 48, 21 November 1929–2 April 1930, 351–52.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1931. “The Congress Flag.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 53, 2 July 1931–12 October 1931, 283–84.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1938. “Speech at Scouts Rally.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 74, 9 September 1938–29 January 1939, 341–42.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1940a. “Constructive Organisations.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 78, 23 February 1940–15 July 1940, 9.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1940b. “God's Will.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 78, 23 February 1940–15 July 1940, 164.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1947a. “Speech at Prayer Meeting.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 93, 7 November 1946–16 February 1947, 329–30.Google Scholar
Gandhi, Mohandas. 1947b. “Speech at Prayer Meeting.” In Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, vol. 96, 7 July 1947–26 September 1947, 260–61.Google Scholar
Girardet, Raoul. 1998. “The Three Colors: Neither White Nor Red.” In vol. 3, Realms of Memory: The Construction of the French Past, ed. Nora, Pierre, trans. Goldhammer, Arthur, 3–28. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Greenfeld, Liah. 1992. Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Jenkins, Robert. 2000. Democratic Politics and Economic Reform in India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kaviraj, Sudipta. 1994. “Crisis of the Nation-State in India.” Special issue, Political Studies 42:115–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keck, Margaret and Kathryn, Sikkink. 1998. Activists beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Kishwar, Madhu. 1999. “When Soldiers Became National Heroes.” Manushi 113, http://indiatogether.org/manushi/issue113/kargil.htm (accessed on June 28, 2006).Google Scholar
Kohli, Atul, ed. 2001. The Success of India's Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lenin, V. I. 1907/1972. “Notes on the Internationalist Socialist Congress in Stuttgart.” In Collected Works of V. I. Lenin, vol. 13 (4th English ed.), 75–81. Moscow: Foreign Language Publishing House.Google Scholar
Marvin, Carolyn and Ingle, David W.. 1999. Blood Sacrifice and the Nation: Totem Rituals and the American Flag. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Maxwell, Neville. 1970. India's China War. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Mazzarella, William. 2003. Shoveling Smoke: Advertising and Globalization in Contemporary India. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
McClintock, Anne. 1996. “No Longer in a Future Heaven.” In Becoming National, ed. Eley, Geoff and Suny, Ronald Grigor, 260–84. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Menon, Ramesh. 2002. “My Flag, My Country.” The Rediff Special Web site, http://www.rediff.com/news/2001/jun/13spec.html.Google Scholar
Minault, Gail. 1982. The Khilafat Movement: Religious Symbolism and Political Mobilisation in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Minogue, Kenneth R. 1967. Nationalism. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Mitchell, Timothy. 1999. “Society, Economy, and the State Effect.” In State/Culture, ed. Steinmetz, George, 76–97. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Oxfeld, Ellen. 1993. Blood, Sweat, and Mahjong: Family and Enterprise in an Overseas Chinese Community. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Lok Sabha Debates. 1950. New Delhi: Government of India.Google Scholar
Pitkin, Hanna Fenichel. 1967. The Concept of Representation. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Proceedings of the Indian Constituent Assembly.1947New Delhi:Government of India.Google Scholar
Renan, Ernest. 1996. “What Is a Nation?” In Becoming National, ed. Eley, Geoff and Suny, Ronald Grigor, 42–55. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Roy, Srirupa. 2002. “Moving Pictures.” Contributions to Indian Sociology 31/32:33–64.Google Scholar
Roy, Srirupa. Forthcoming. Beyond Belief: India and the Politics of Postcolonial Nationalism. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Rudolph, Lloyd. 1961. “Urban Life and Populist Radicalism: Dravidian Politics in Madras.” Journal of Asian Studies 20:283–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudolph, Lloyd I., and Rudolph, Susanne Hoeber. 1987. In Pursuit of Lakshmi: The Political Economy of the Indian State. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Ruggie, John Gerard. 1993. “Territoriality and Beyond: Problematizing Modernity in International Relations.” International Organization 47:139–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarkar, Sumit. 1973. The Swadeshi Movement in Bengal. Delhi: People's Publishing House.Google Scholar
Scholte, Jan Aarte. 2000. Globalization. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Singh, K. V. 1991. Our National Flag. New Delhi: Publications Division, Government of India.Google Scholar
Tomlinson, John. 1999. Globalization and Culture. Cambridge, England: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Varshney, Ashutosh. 1995. “The Self-Correcting Mechanisms of Indian Democracy.” Seminar 425.Google Scholar
Verdery, Katherine. 1995. National Ideology under Socialism: Identity and Cultural Politics in Ceausescu's Romania. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Virmani, Arundhati. 1999. “National Symbols under Colonial Domination: The Nationalization of the Indian Flag, March–August 1923.” Past and Present 164:169–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Von Eschen, Penny. 1997. Race against Empire: Black Americans and AntiColonialism, 1937–1957. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Young, Robert. 2001. Postcolonialism: An Historical Introduction. London: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Zelinsky, Wilbur. 1988. Nation into State: The Shifting Symbolic Foundations of American Nationalism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar