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Proliferative effect of whey from cows’ milk varying in phyto-oestrogens in human breast and prostate cancer cells

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 January 2012

Tina S. Nielsen ,
Annika Höjer ,
Anne-Maj Gustavsson ,
Jens Hansen-Møller  and
Stig Purup
Tina S. Nielsen*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
Annika Höjer
Affiliation:
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
Anne-Maj Gustavsson
Affiliation:
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
Jens Hansen-Møller
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
Stig Purup
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: TinaS.Nielsen@agrsci.dk
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Abstract

Intake of dietary phyto-oestrogens has received a great deal of attention owing to their potential influence on hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast and prostate cancer. Cows’ milk contains phyto-oestrogens and the content varies according to the composition of the feed and the type and amount of legumes used. In this study we evaluated the proliferative effect of milk (whey) with different phyto-oestrogen content in human breast (MCF-7) and prostate cancer cells (PC-3). Milk was obtained from cows fed either a birdsfoot trefoil-timothy silage based ration (B1) or two different red clover silage based diets (R1 and R2) resulting in total phyto-oestrogen contents of 403, 1659 and 1434 ng/ml for the B1, R1 and R2 diets, respectively. Whey was produced from the milk and added to cell culture medium in concentrations up to 10% for MCF-7 cells and 5% for PC-3 cells. Cell proliferation was measured fluorometrically after 7 d for MCF-7 cells and 5 d for PC-3 cells. There was no significant difference in the proliferative effect of whey from the different dietary treatments at any of the whey concentrations tested. An anti-proliferative effect (P<0·01) of 5 and 10% whey was seen when tested in the presence of 10 pm oestradiol in the medium. This effect was independent of dietary treatment of cows. Whey induced a significant (P<0·01) proliferative response in PC-3 cells independent of dietary treatment. Purified equol in concentrations similar to equol concentrations in milk decreased PC-3 cell proliferation, and therefore the stimulatory effect of whey in PC-3 cells is believed to be mediated by other bioactives than equol. In conclusion, our results suggest that using whey in these proliferation assays, it was not possible to discriminate between milk with high or low levels of phyto-oestrogens.

Keywords

Phyto-oestrogensmilkwheyproliferative effectbreast cancer cellsprostate cancer cells
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 79 , Issue 2 , May 2012 , pp. 143 - 149
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2012

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