Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T07:41:18.538Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

T lymphocyte proliferative capacity and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in primiparous and pluriparous lactating cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2008

Jalil Mehrzad  and
Xin Zhao
Jalil Mehrzad
Affiliation:
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Section Immunology, P.O. Box 917751793, Mashhad, Iran
Xin Zhao*
Affiliation:
McGill University, Department of Animal Science, Macdonald-Stewart Building 21, 111 Lakeshore Road Ste. Anne de Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Quebec, Canada
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: xin.zhao@mcgill.ca
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

T cells play a central role in specific immunity; their populations and phenotypes could be affected by number of lactation in high-yielding dairy cows. To investigate the effects of parity on the dynamics of T lymphocytes, lymphoproliferative capacity, T lymphocyte subsets and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were studied in peripheral blood of primiparous and pluriparous dairy cows during mid–late lactation. A non-radioactive technique was also adapted for a detailed lymphoproliferation assay. Compared with the primiparous cows, the pluriparous cows exhibited weaker lymphoproliferative activity, larger number of CD4+ cells and substantially greater CD4+/CD8+ ratio in their blood circulation. The increase of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the blood of pluriparous dairy cows was mainly due to the rise in the proportion of CD4+ cells and decline in the proportion of CD8+ cells. This increase of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio coincided with the decrease of mitogen-induced proliferation capacity of T lymphocytes. Of four lymphocyte divisions or generations during the lymphoproliferation assay, maximal lymphocyte proliferation capacity at generation 3 in primiparous cows was markedly greater than in pluriparous cows. With an alternatively safer, faster and more reproducible assay (compared with 3H-thymidine scintillation assay) we showed for the first time that aging in dairy cows leads to a decreased mitogen-induced lymphoproliferation and disturbed proportion between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This CD4+-CD8+ imbalance together with diminished lymphoproliferative capacity may lead to a weaker T cytotoxic-mediated immunity and increased susceptibility to infectious diseases in pluriparous lactating cows. Our study also emphasizes further application of the methods in farm animals.

Keywords

Lactating cowslymphocyte proliferationprimiparouspluriparousT cells
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 75 , Issue 4 , November 2008 , pp. 457 - 465
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Asai, K, Kai, K, Rikiishi, H, Sugawara, S, Maruyama, Y, Yamaguchi, T, Ohta, M & Kumagai, K 1998 Variation in CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocyte subpopulations in bovine mammary gland secretions during lactating and non-lactating periods. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 65 51–61CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bagwell, CB & Adams, EG 1993 Fluorescence spectral overlap compensation for any number of flow cytometry parameters. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 677 167–184CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bird, JJ, Brown, DR, Mullen, AC, Moskowitz, NH, Mahowald, MA, Sider, JR, Gajewski, TF, Wang, CR & Reiner, SL 1998 Helper T cell differentiation is controlled by the cell cycle. Immunity 9 229–237CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burvenich, C, Van Merris, V, Mehrzad, J, Diez-Fraile, A & Duchateau, L 2003 Severity of E. coli mastitis is mainly determined by cow factors. Veterinary Research 34 521–562Google Scholar
Concha, C, Hu, S & Holmberg, O 1996 The proliferative responses of cow stripping milk and blood lymphocytes to pokeweed mitogen and ginseng in vitro. Veterinary Research 27 107–115Google ScholarPubMed
Croft, M, Carter, L, Swain, SL & Dutton, RW 1994 Generation of polarized antigen-specific CD8 effector populations: reciprocal action of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL12 in promoting type 2 versus type 1 cytokine profile. Journal of Experimental Medicine 180 1715–1728Google Scholar
Czuprynski, CJ, Henson, PM & Campbell, PA 1985 Enhanced accumulation of inflammatory neutrophils and macrophages mediated by transfer of T cells from mice immunized with Listeria monocytogenes. Journal of Immunology 134 3449–3454Google Scholar
Gao, GF & Jakobsen, BK 2000 Molecular interactions of coreceptor CD8 and MHC class I: the molecular basis for functional coordination with the T-cell receptor. Immunology Today 21 630–636CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Givan, AL, Fisher, JL, Waugh, M, Ernstoff, MS & Wallace, PK 1999 A flow cytometric method to estimate the precursor frequencies of cells proliferating in response to specific antigens. Journal of Immunological Methods 230 99–112CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hansson, Y, Jacobson, E, Ortlund, J, Paulie, S & Perlmann, P 1987 A rapid method for detection of cellular proliferation using carboxyfluorescein assay of growth factors (IL-2, IL-1) and growth inhibiting antibodies. Journal of Immunological Methods 100 261–267CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harp, JA, Waters, TE & Goff, JP 2004 Lymphocyte subsets and adhesion molecule expression in milk and blood of periparturient dairy cattle. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 102 9–17Google Scholar
Kato, M, Watarai, S, Nishikawa, S, Iwasaki, T & Kodama, H 2007 A novel culture method of canine peripheral blood lymphocytes with concanavalin A and recombinant human interleukin-2 for adoptive immunotherapy. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 69 481–486CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kimura, K, Goff, JP, Kehrli, ME & Harp, JA 1999 Phenotype analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in periparturient dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 82 315–319CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lacetera, N, Scalia, D, Franci, O, Bernabucci, U, Ronchi, B & Nardone, A 2004 Effects of nonesterified fatty acids on lymphocyte function in dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science 87 1012–1014CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Machugh, ND, Mburu, JK, Carol, MJ, Wyatt, CR, Orden, JA & Davis, WC 1997 Identification of two distinct subsets of bovine gamma delta T cells with unique cell surface phenotype and tissue distribution. Immunology 92 340–345Google Scholar
Mehrzad, J, Dosogne, H, Meyer, E, Heyneman, R & Burvenich, C 2001 Respiratory burst activity of blood and milk neutrophils in dairy cows during different stages of lactation. Journal of Dairy Research 68 399–415CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mehrzad, J, Duchateau, L, Pyörälä, S & Burvenich, C 2002 Blood and milk neutrophil chemiluminescence and viability in primiparous and pluriparous dairy cows during late pregnancy, around parturition and early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 85 3268–3276Google Scholar
Mehrzad, J, Duchateau, L & Burvenich, C 2004 Viability of milk neutrophils and severity of bovine coliform mastitis. Journal of Dairy Science 87 4150–4162Google Scholar
Mehrzad, J, Duchateau, L & Burvenich, C 2005 High milk neutrophil chemiluminescence limits the severity of bovine coliform mastitis. Veterinary Research 36 101–116CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mehrzad, J, Janssen, D, Duchateau, L & Burvenich, C 2008 Increase of Escherichia coli inoculum doses accelerates CD8+ T-Cell trafficking in primiparous bovine mammary gland. Journal of Dairy Science 91 193–201CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nonnecke, BJ & Kehrli, ME 1985 Isolation of mononuclear cells from bovine milk by continuous-flow and density gradient centrifugation: Response of cells to mitogens. American Journal of Veterinary Research 46 1259–1261Google ScholarPubMed
Paape, M, Mehrzad, J, Zhao, X, Detilleux, J & Burvenich, C 2002 Defence of the bovine mammary gland by polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes. Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia 7 109–121Google Scholar
Park, YH, Fox, LK, Hamilton, MJ & Davis, WC 1992 Bovine mononuclear leukocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood and mammary gland secretions during lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 75 998–1006CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Patton, KM, McGuire, TC, Fraser, DG & Hines, SA 2004 Rhodococcus equi-infected macrophages are recognized and killed by CD8+ T lymphocytes in a major histocompatibility complex class I-unrestricted fashion. Infection and Immunity 72 7073–7083CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Plowden, J, Renshaw-Hoelscher, M, Engleman, C, Katz, J & Sambhara, S 2004a Innate immunity in aging: impact on macrophage function. Aging Cell 3 161–167Google Scholar
Plowden, J, Renshaw-Hoelscher, M, Gangappa, S, Engleman, C, Katz, JM & Sambhara, S 2004b Impaired antigen-induced CD8+ T cell clonal expansion in aging is due to defects in antigen presenting cell function. Cellular Immunology 229 86–92CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riollet, C, Rainard, P & Poutrel, B 2000 Kinetics of cells and cytokines during immune-mediated inflammation in the mammary gland of cows systemically immunized with Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin. Inflammation Research 49 486–496Google Scholar
Sad, S, Marcotte, R & Mosmann, TR 1995 Cytokine-induced differentiation of precursor mouse CD8+ T cells into cytotoxic CD8+ T cells secreting Th1 and Th2 cytokines. Immunity 2 271–279Google Scholar
Salgame, P, Abrams, JS, Clayberger, C, Goldstein, H, Gonvit, J, Modlin, RL & Bloom, BR 1991 Differing lymphokine profiles of functional subsets of human CD4 and CD8 T cell clones. Science 254 279–282CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sathiyaseelan, T & Baldwin, CL 2000 Evaluation of cell replication by bovine T cells in polyclonally activated cultures using carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) loading and flow cytometric analysis. Research in Veterinary Science 69 275–281Google Scholar
Smith, RA, Kreeger, JM, Alvarez, AJ, Goin, JC, Davis, WC, Whipple, DL & Estes, DM 1999 Role of CD8+ and WC-1+ gamma/delta T cells in resistance to Mycobacterium bovis infection in the SCID-bo mouse. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 65 28–34CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Kampen, C, Mallard, BA & Wilkie, BN 1999 Adhesion molecules and lymphocyte subsets in milk and blood of periparturient Holstein cows. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 69 23–32Google Scholar
Wells, AD, Gudmundsdottir, H & Turka, LA 1997 Following the fate of individual T cells throughout activation and clonal expansion. Signals from T cell receptor and CD28 differentially regulate the induction and duration of a proliferative response. Journal of Clinical Investigation 100 3173–3183CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolkers, MC, Brouwenstijn, N, Bakker, AH, Toebes, M & Schumacher, TN 2004 Antigen bias in T cell cross-priming. Science 304 1314–1317Google Scholar