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Maternal low-protein diet in female rat heart: possible protective effect of estradiol

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 March 2017

G. R. F. Braz ,
A. S. Emiliano ,
S. M. Sousa ,
A. A. S. Pedroza ,
D.F. Santana ,
M. P. Fernandes ,
A. I. da Silva  and
C. J. Lagranha
G. R. F. Braz
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
A. S. Emiliano
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
S. M. Sousa
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil Graduate Program of Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
A. A. S. Pedroza
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
D.F. Santana
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil Graduate Program of Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
M. P. Fernandes
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
A. I. da Silva
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil Graduate Program of Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
C. J. Lagranha*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil Graduate Program of Neuroscience and Behavioral Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil
*
*Address for correspondence: C. J. Lagranha, Rua Alto do Reservatório, Núcleo de Educação Física e Ciências do Esporte, Bela Vista, Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, PE, Brazil. (Email lagranha@hotmail.com)
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Abstract

Several studies have shown that maternal low-protein (LP) diet induces detrimental effects in cardiovascular system and oxidative stress in male animals. Additional studies suggested that female has lower incidence of cardiovascular disease. However until present data, the possible effects of estradiol on the undernutrition during gestational and lactation periods are not discussed. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a maternal LP diet during gestational and lactation period on oxidative balance in the female rat hearts ventricles at two ages. Dams were fed with normal protein (NP) or a LP diet during the gestational and lactation period, and their female offspring were divided into age groups (22 or 122 days, corresponding to a low or high estrogen level) composing four experimental groups. Evaluating the nutritional effect showed an increase in oxidative stress biomarkers and decrease in enzymatic defense in LP-22D compared with NP-22D. In contrast, no changes were observed in malondialdehyde and carbonyls, but an increase in glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in the LP-122D compared with NP-122D. The global oxy-score in the LP-22D group indicated a predominance of oxidative damage when compared with NP-22D, while in LP-122D group the global oxy-score was restored to NP-122D levels. Evaluating the estradiol effect, our data show a significant decrease in oxidative stress with increase in CAT and GST activity, associated with increase in intracellular thiols. Our data suggest that in situation with low levels of estradiol, hypoproteic diet during gestation and lactation period has detrimental effects on heart, however when estradiol levels raise, the detrimental effects induced are mitigated.

Keywords

estradiolheartmaternal low-protein dietoxidative balance
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 8 , Issue 3 , June 2017 , pp. 322 - 330
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2017 

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Footnotes

†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

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