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Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes following hyperemesis gravidarum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2011

R. L. Coetzee ,
B. Cormack ,
L. Sadler  and
F. H. Bloomfield
R. L. Coetzee
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Nutrition Services, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
B. Cormack
Affiliation:
Nutrition Services, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
L. Sadler
Affiliation:
Women's Health, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
F. H. Bloomfield*
Affiliation:
Newborn Services, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
*
*Address for correspondence: F. H. Bloomfield, Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. (Email f.bloomfield@auckland.ac.nz)
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Abstract

Undernutrition during pregnancy is associated with detrimental pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, which can have long-term implications for the infant. Hyperemesis gravidarum may severely limit nutritional intake. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hyperemesis on pregnancy and neonatal outcome, particularly gestation length and infant size at birth. Seventy-five prospectively recruited women admitted to a tertiary level hospital in Auckland, with hyperemesis gravidarum between March 2003 and October 2005, were compared to 142 controls matched for age, parity, ethnicity and expected date of delivery. Data were obtained from electronic records and analysed by Student's t-test, χ2, Wilcoxon, Fisher's exact tests and linear regression. Length of gestation, birth weight and crown-heel length were not different between participants and controls. Infants born to women with hyperemesis gravidarum had smaller head circumferences (Z-score mean (s.d.) 0.02 (0.16) v. 0.43 (0.11), P = 0.04 in all infants and −0.02 (1.24) v. 0.48 (1.29), P = 0.01 in-term infants). This study found hyperemesis gravidarum to be associated with smaller head circumferences in offspring. Given the reported associations between smaller head circumference at birth and lower cognitive ability and higher risk of cardiovascular disease in later life, further study is necessary to confirm these results and to determine whether there are any long-term implications for the offspring.

Keywords

head circumferencehyperemesis gravidarumneonatal outcomepregnancy outcome
Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 2 , Issue 2 , April 2011 , pp. 81 - 88
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2011

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