Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T13:13:21.021Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of high multivitamin diet during pregnancy on food intake and glucose metabolism in Wistar rat offspring fed low-vitamin diets post weaning

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 2011

I. M. Y. Szeto ,
P. S. P. Huot ,
S. A. Reza-López ,
A. Jahan-mihan  and
G. H. Anderson
I. M. Y. Szeto
Affiliation:
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
P. S. P. Huot
Affiliation:
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
S. A. Reza-López
Affiliation:
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
A. Jahan-mihan
Affiliation:
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
G. H. Anderson*
Affiliation:
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
*
*Address for correspondence: Dr G. H. Anderson, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, 150 College Street, FitzGerald Building, Room 322, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E2. (Email harvey.anderson@utoronto.ca)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Rat offspring born to dams fed a high multivitamin diet (HV) are shown to have increased risks of obesity and metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that a low-vitamin postweaning diet would enhance these characteristics in offspring born to HV dams. During pregnancy, Wistar rats were fed the AIN-93G diet with or without a 10-fold increase in vitamin content. In Experiment 1, at weaning, males were fed the recommended diet (RV) or a diet with 1/3 the vitamin content (1/3 RV) for 12 weeks. In Experiment 2, males and females were fed the RV diet or 1/6 RV diet for 35 weeks. Body weight was measured on a weekly basis, food intake on a daily basis, and for 1 h after an overnight fast following glucose gavage at 6, 12 and 24 weeks. Blood glucose and insulin responses to an oral glucose load were measured at 30 weeks. Males from HV dams, compared with those from RV dams, gained more weight in Experiment 1 (+7%, P < 0.05) and Experiment 2 (+11%, P < 0.0001), along with higher glucose response (+33%, P < 0.05). The 1/6 RV pup diet led to lower weight gain in males (−16%, P < 0.0001) and females (−13%, P < 0.0005), and lower food intake in males (−9%, P < 0.01) independent of the gestational diet. Females on the 1/6 RV diet and from HV dams had higher 1 h food intake (+36%, P < 0.05) and lower insulin response (−25%, P < 0.05) compared with those from RV dams. Exposure of the offspring to low-vitamin diets did not amplify the expression of the metabolic syndrome observed in those born to dams fed an HV diet.

Keywords

fetal programmingglucose metabolismmultivitaminsobesitypregnancy
Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 2 , Issue 5 , October 2011 , pp. 302 - 310
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Gluckman, PD, Hanson, MA. Living with the past: evolution, development, and patterns of disease. Science. 2004; 305, 1733–1736.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2.Gluckman, PD, Hanson, MA, Spencer, HG. Predictive adaptive responses and human evolution. Trends Ecol Evol. 2005; 20, 527–533. E-pub 11 Aug 2005.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3.Lucas, A, Godfrey, KM, Barker, DJ. Programming by early nutrition: an experimental approach fetal programming and adult health. J Nutr. 1998; 128(2 Suppl.), 401S–406S.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Barker, DJ. The developmental origins of chronic adult disease. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 2004; 93, 26–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Matsuzaki, M, Milne, JS, Aitken, RP, Wallace, JM. Overnourishing pregnant adolescent ewes preserves perirenal fat deposition in their growth-restricted fetuses. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2006; 18, 357–364.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Beall, MH, El Haddad, M, Gayle, D, Desai, M, Ross, MG. Adult obesity as a consequence of in utero programming. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2004; 47, 957–966; discussion 80-1.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Thone-Reineke, C, Kalk, P, Dorn, M, et al. High-protein nutrition during pregnancy and lactation programs blood pressure, food efficiency and body weight of the offspring in a gender dependent manner. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2006; 291, R1025–R1030.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Zimanyi, MA, Bertram, JF, Black, MJ. Nephron number and blood pressure in rat offspring with maternal high-protein diet. Pediatr Nephrol. 2002; 17, 1000–1004. E-pub 14 Nov 2002.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Siemelink, M, Verhoef, A, Dormans, JA, Span, PN, Piersma, AH. Dietary fatty acid composition during pregnancy and lactation in the rat programs growth and glucose metabolism in the offspring. Diabetologia. 2002; 45, 1397–1403. E-pub 5 Sep 2002.Google ScholarPubMed
10.Guo, F, Jen, KL. High-fat feeding during pregnancy and lactation affects offspring metabolism in rats. Physiol Behav. 1995; 57, 681–686.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Szeto, IM, Aziz, A, Das, PJ, et al. High multivitamin intake by Wistar rats during pregnancy results in increased food intake and components of the metabolic syndrome in male offspring. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2008; 295, R575–R582.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Szeto, IM, Das, PJ, Aziz, A, Anderson, GH. Multivitamin supplementation of Wistar rats during pregnancy accelerates the development of obesity in offspring fed an obesogenic diet. Int J Obes (Lond). 2009; 33, 364–372.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Wolff, GL, Kodell, RL, Moore, SR, Cooney, CA. Maternal epigenetics and methyl supplements affect agouti gene expression in Avy/a mice. FASEB J. 1998; 12, 949–957.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Cooney, CA, Dave, AA, Wolff, GL. Maternal methyl supplements in mice affect epigenetic variation and DNA methylation of offspring. J Nutr. 2002; 132(8 Suppl.), 2393S–2400S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.Reeves, PG. Components of the AIN-93 diets as improvements in the AIN-76A diet. J Nutr. 1997; 127(5 Suppl.), 838S–841S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16.Achon, M, Alonso-Aperte, E, Reyes, L, Ubeda, N, Varela-Moreiras, G. High-dose folic acid supplementation in rats: effects on gestation and the methionine cycle. Br J Nutr. 2000; 83, 177–183.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17.Subcommittee on Laboratory Animal Nutrition Board on Agriculture, National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals, 4th revised edn, 1995. National Academies Press: Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
18.Wainwright, PE. Issues of design and analysis relating to the use of multiparous species in developmental nutritional studies. J Nutr. 1998; 128, 661–663.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Cutfield, WS, Jefferies, CA, Jackson, WE, Robinson, EM, Hofman, PL. Evaluation of HOMA and QUICKI as measures of insulin sensitivity in prepubertal children. Pediatr Diabetes. 2003; 4, 119–125.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Major, GC, Doucet, E, Jacqmain, M, et al. Multivitamin and dietary supplements, body weight and appetite: results from a cross-sectional and a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study. Br J Nutr. 2008; 99, 1157–1167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Murphy, KG, Bloom, SR. Gut hormones and the regulation of energy homeostasis. Nature. 2006; 444, 854–859.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Leahy, JL, Bonner-Weir, S, Weir, GC. Beta-cell dysfunction induced by chronic hyperglycemia. Current ideas on mechanism of impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion. Diabetes Care. 1992; 15, 442–455.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Mari, A, Tura, A, Natali, A, et al. Impaired beta cell glucose sensitivity rather than inadequate compensation for insulin resistance is the dominant defect in glucose intolerance. Diabetologia. 2010; 53, 749–756.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Sugden, MC, Holness, MJ. Gender-specific programming of insulin secretion and action. J EndocrinolDated:2002; 175, 757–767.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25.Langley-Evans, SC, Nwagwu, M. Impaired growth and increased glucocorticoid-sensitive enzyme activities in tissues of rat fetuses exposed to maternal low protein diets. Life SciDconsumed:1998; 63, 605–615.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26.Fernandez-Twinn, DS, Wayman, A, Ekizoglou, S, et al. Maternal protein restriction leads to hyperinsulinemia and reduced insulin-signaling protein expression in 21-mo-old female rat offspring. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2005; 288, R368–R373. E-pub 28 Oct 2004.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Langley-Evans, SC. Developmental programming of health and disease. Proc Nutr Soc. 2006; 65, 97–105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.Reza-Lopez, SA, Anderson, GH, Szeto, IM, Taha, AY, Ma, DW. High vitamin intake by Wistar rats during pregnancy alters tissue fatty acid concentration in the offspring fed an obesogenic diet. Metabolism. 2009; 58, 722–730.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29.Budge, H, Gnanalingham, MG, Gardner, DS, et al. Maternal nutritional programming of fetal adipose tissue development: long-term consequences for later obesity. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2005; 75, 193–199.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30.McMillen, IC, Adam, CL, Muhlhausler, BS. Early origins of obesity: programming the appetite regulatory system. J Physiol. 2005; 565(Pt 1), 9–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31.Fall, CH, Fisher, DJ, Osmond, C, Margetts, BM. Multiple micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy in low-income countries: a meta-analysis of effects on birth size and length of gestation. Food Nutr Bull. 2009; 30(4 Suppl.), S533–S546.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
32.Allen, LH, Peerson, JM. Impact of multiple micronutrient versus iron-folic acid supplements on maternal anemia and micronutrient status in pregnancy. Food Nutr Bull. 2009; 30(4 Suppl.), S527–S532.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33.Haider, BA, Bhutta, ZA. Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006; 18, CD004905.Google Scholar
34.Christian, P, Jiang, T, Khatry, SK, et al. Antenatal supplementation with micronutrients and biochemical indicators of status and subclinical infection in rural Nepal. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83, 788–794.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed