Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T07:47:13.021Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of known cardiovascular risk factors on carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in school-aged children: a population based twin study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2014

K. McCloskey ,
C. Sun ,
A. Pezic ,
J. Cochrane ,
R. Morley ,
P. Vuillermin ,
D. Burgner ,
T. Dwyer  and
A.-L. Ponsonby
K. McCloskey*
Affiliation:
Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
C. Sun
Affiliation:
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
A. Pezic
Affiliation:
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia
J. Cochrane
Affiliation:
Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
R. Morley
Affiliation:
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
P. Vuillermin
Affiliation:
Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia School of Medicine, Deakin University, VIC, Australia
D. Burgner
Affiliation:
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
T. Dwyer
Affiliation:
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
A.-L. Ponsonby
Affiliation:
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
*
*Address for correspondence: K. McCloskey, Child Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong Hospital , Ryrie Street, Geelong 3220, Australia. (Email katemccloskey@yahoo.com)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Childhood cardiovascular risk factors affect vascular function long before overt cardiovascular disease. Twin studies provide a unique opportunity to examine the influence of shared genetic and environmental influences on childhood cardiovascular function. We examined the relationship between birth parameters, markers of adiposity, insulin resistance, lipid profile and blood pressure and carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), a validated non-invasive measure of arterial stiffness in a healthy cohort of school-aged twin children.

PWV was performed on a population-based birth cohort of 147 twin pairs aged 7–11 years. Fasting blood samples, blood pressure and adiposity measures were collected concurrently. Mixed linear regression models were used to account for twin clustering, within- and between-twin pair associations.

There were positive associations between both markers of higher adiposity, insulin resistance, elevated triglycerides and PWV, which remained significant after accounting for twin birth-set clustering. There was a positive association between both diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure and PWV in within-pair analysis in dizygotic, but not monozygotic twins, indicating genetic differences evident in dizygotic not monozygotic twins may affect these associations.

Increased blood pressure, triglycerides and other metabolic markers are associated with increased PWV in school-aged twins. These results support both the genetic and environmental contribution to higher PWV, as a marker of arterial stiffness, and reiterate the importance of preventing metabolic syndrome from childhood.

Keywords

cardiovascular risk factorschildrenendothelial dysfunctionfetal origins cardiovascular diseasepulse wave velocitytwin studies
Type
Original Article
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 5 , Issue 4 , August 2014 , pp. 307 - 313
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Kim, YJ, Cho, BM, Lee, S. Metabolic syndrome and arterial pulse wave velocity. Acta Cardiol. 2010; 65, 315–321.Google Scholar
2. Willum-Hansen, T, Staessen, JA, Torp-Pedersen, C, et al. Prognostic value of aortic pulse wave velocity as index of arterial stiffness in the general population. Circulation. 2006; 113, 664–670.Google Scholar
3. Wilkinson, IB, Fuchs, SA, Jansen, IM, et al. Reproducibility of pulse wave velocity and augmentation index measured by pulse wave analysis. J Hypertens. 1998; 16(Pt 2), 2079–2084.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4. Urbina, EM, Williams, RV, Alpert, BS, et al. Noninvasive assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis in children and adolescents: recommendations for standard assessment for clinical research: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension. 2009; 54, 919–950.Google Scholar
5. Currie, KD, Proudfoot, NA, Timmons, BW, MacDonald, MJ. Noninvasive measures of vascular health are reliable in preschool-aged children. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2010; 35, 512–517.Google Scholar
6. Reusz, GS, Cseprekal, O, Temmar, M, et al. Reference values of pulse wave velocity in healthy children and teenagers. Hypertension. 2010; 56, 217–224.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7. Aatola, H, Hutri-Kahonen, N, Juonala, M, et al. Lifetime risk factors and arterial pulse wave velocity in adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in Young Finns Study. Hypertension. 2010; 55, 806–811.Google Scholar
8. Mattace-Raso, F, Hofman, A, Verwoert, GC, et al. Determinants of pulse wave velocity in healthy people and in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors: ‘establishing normal and reference values’. Eur Heart J. 2010; 31, 2338–2350.Google Scholar
9. Tikellis, G, Ponsonby, AL, Wells, JC, et al. Maternal and infant factors associated with neonatal adiposity: results from the Tasmanian Infant Health Survey (TIHS). Int J Obes (Lond). 2012; 36, 496–504.Google Scholar
10. Donald, AE, Charakida, M, Falaschetti, E, et al. Determinants of vascular phenotype in a large childhood population: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Eur Heart J. 2010; 31, 1502–1510.Google Scholar
11. Mangino, M, Spector, T. Understanding coronary artery disease using twin studies. Heart. 2013; 99, 373–375.Google Scholar
12. Skilton, MR. Intrauterine risk factors for precocious atherosclerosis. Pediatrics. 2008; 121, 570–574.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13. Chen, W, Srinivasan, SR, Elkasabany, A, Berenson, GS. Cardiovascular risk factors clustering features of insulin resistance syndrome (Syndrome X) in a biracial (Black-White) population of children, adolescents, and young adults: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1999; 150, 667–674.Google Scholar
14. Sun, C, Ponsonby, AL, Wong, TY, et al. Effect of birth parameters on retinal vascular caliber: the Twins Eye Study in Tasmania. Hypertension. 2009; 53, 487–493.Google Scholar
15. Carlin, JB, Gurrin, LC, Sterne, JA, Morley, R, Dwyer, T. Regression models for twin studies: a critical review. Int J Epidemiol. 2005; 34, 1089–1099.Google Scholar
16. Morley, R, Dwyer, T, Hynes, KL, et al. Maternal alcohol intake and offspring pulse wave velocity. Neonatology. 2010; 97, 204–211.Google Scholar
17. Australian Health and Fitness Survey. The Fitness, Health and Physical Performance of Australian School Students aged 7–15 Years. 1985. ACHPER Publications, Parkside, South Australia.Google Scholar
18. Kis, E, Cseprekal, O, Kerti, A, et al. Measurement of pulse wave velocity in children and young adults: a comparative study using three different devices. Hypertens Res. 2011; 34, 1197–1202.Google Scholar
19. Koivistoinen, T, Virtanen, M, Hutri-Kahonen, N, et al. Arterial pulse wave velocity in relation to carotid intima-media thickness, brachial flow-mediated dilation and carotid artery distensibility: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study and the Health 2000 Survey. Atherosclerosis. 2012; 220, 387–393.Google Scholar
20. Lilitkarntakul, P, Dhaun, N, Melville, V, et al. Risk factors for metabolic syndrome independently predict arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease and minimal comorbidity. Diabetes Care. 2012; 35, 1774–1780.Google Scholar
21. Dube, J, Dodds, L, Armson, BA. Does chorionicity or zygosity predict adverse perinatal outcomes in twins? Am J Obstetr Gynecol. 2002; 186, 579–583.Google Scholar
22. Barker, DJ, Winter, PD, Osmond, C, Margetts, B, Simmonds, SJ. Weight in infancy and death from ischaemic heart disease. Lancet. 1989; 2, 577–580.Google Scholar
23. Celik, A, Ozcetin, M, Yerli, Y, et al. Increased aortic pulse wave velocity in obese children. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2011; 39, 557–562.Google Scholar
24. Zebekakis, PE, Nawrot, T, Thijs, L, et al. Obesity is associated with increased arterial stiffness from adolescence until old age. J Hypertens. 2005; 23, 1839–1846.Google Scholar
25. Webb, DR, Khunti, K, Silverman, R, et al. Impact of metabolic indices on central artery stiffness: independent association of insulin resistance and glucose with aortic pulse wave velocity. Diabetologia. 2010; 53, 1190–1198.Google Scholar
26. Urbina, EM, Kimball, TR, Khoury, PR, Daniels, SR, Dolan, LM. Increased arterial stiffness is found in adolescents with obesity or obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Hypertens. 2010; 28, 1692–1698.Google Scholar
27. Koivistoinen, T, Hutri-Kahonen, N, Juonala, M, et al. Apolipoprotein B is related to arterial pulse wave velocity in young adults: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Atherosclerosis. 2011; 214, 220–224.Google Scholar
28. Wang, F, Ye, P, Luo, L, et al. Association of serum lipids with arterial stiffness in a population-based study in Beijing. Eur J Clin Invest. 2011; 41, 929–936.Google Scholar
29. Sakuragi, S, Abhayaratna, K, Gravenmaker, KJ, et al. Influence of adiposity and physical activity on arterial stiffness in healthy children: the lifestyle of our kids study. Hypertension. 2009; 53, 611–616.Google Scholar