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Optimum feeding and growth in preterm neonates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2013

J. E. Harding ,
J. G. B. Derraik ,
M. J. Berry ,
A. L. Jaquiery ,
J. M. Alsweiler ,
B. E. Cormack  and
F. H. Bloomfield
J. E. Harding*
Affiliation:
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
J. G. B. Derraik
Affiliation:
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
M. J. Berry
Affiliation:
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
A. L. Jaquiery
Affiliation:
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
J. M. Alsweiler
Affiliation:
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
B. E. Cormack
Affiliation:
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
F. H. Bloomfield
Affiliation:
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
*
*Address for correspondence: J. E. Harding, Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. (Email j.harding@auckland.ac.nz)
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Abstract

Approximately 10% of all babies worldwide are born preterm, and preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal mortality in developed countries. Although preterm birth is associated with adverse short- and long-term health outcomes, it is not yet clear whether this relationship is causal. Rather, there is evidence that reduced foetal growth, preterm birth and the long-term health effects of both of these may all arise from a suboptimal intrauterine environment. Further, most infants born preterm also experience suboptimal postnatal growth, with potential adverse effects on long-term health and development. A number of interventions are used widely in the neonatal period to optimise postnatal growth and development. These commonly include supplementation with macronutrients and/or micronutrients, all of which have potential short-term risks and benefits for the preterm infant, whereas the long-term health consequences are largely unknown. Importantly, more rapid postnatal growth trajectory (and the interventions required to achieve this) may result in improved neurological outcomes at the expense of increased cardiovascular risk in later life.

Keywords

fetal growth restrictioninfant dietinfant growthinfantprematureneonatal nutrition
Type
Review
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 4 , Issue 3 , June 2013 , pp. 215 - 222
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2012 

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