Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T04:22:11.520Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Common Factors and Local Factors: Implications for Term Structures and Exchange Rates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Dong-Hyun Ahn
Affiliation:
ahnd@snu.ac.kr, School of Economics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea and Kenan-Flagler Business School, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, CB 3490, McColl Building, Chapel Hill, NC 27599–3490.

Abstract

This paper studies a multi-factor, two-country term structure and exchange rate model when a diversification effect for an international bond portfolio is expected. It shows that the diversification gain calls upon certain restrictions on the process of the stochastic discount factor in a factor-structured economy. Existence of local factors is shown to be a necessary condition for the gains from investing in foreign bonds. Further, the exchange rate risk premia are shown to be a function of the differentials of the risk premia of the factors in bond returns. Empirical results reveal the tendency for investors to respond sensitively to rare shocks, which is shown to be a potential solution to the forward premium puzzle.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © School of Business Administration, University of Washington 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, P. D., and Wyatt, S. B.. ‘Biases in Option Prices: Evidence from the Foreign Currency Option Market.’ Journal of Banking and Finance, 4 (1987), 549562.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ahn, D.; Dittmar, R.; and Gallant, A. R.. ‘Quadratic Term Structure Models: Theory and Evidence.’ Review of Financial Studies, 15 (2002), 243288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ahn, D., and Gao, B.. ‘Locally Complete Market, Exchange Rates and Currency Options.’ Review of Derivatives Research, 6 (2003), 526.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amin, K., and Jarrow, R.. ‘Pricing Foreign Currency Options under Stochastic Interest Rates.’ Journal of International Money and Finance, 10 (1991), 310329.Google Scholar
Backus, D. K.; Foresi, S.; and Telmer, C. I.. ‘Affine Models of Currency Pricing: Accounting for the Forward Premium Anomaly.’ Journal of Finance, 56 (2001), 279304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakshi, G., and Chen, Z.. ‘Equilibrium Valuation of Foreign Exchange Claims.’ Journal of Finance, 52 (1997), 799826.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bansal, R.An Exploration of the Forward Premium Puzzle in Currency Markets.’ Review of Financial Studies, 10 (1997), 369404.Google Scholar
Bekaert, G.The Time Variation of Returns and Volatility in Foreign Exchange Markets: A General Equilibrium Perspectives.’ Review of Financial Studies, 9 (1996), 427490.Google Scholar
Bodurtha, J. N., and Courtadon, G. R.. ‘Efficiency Tests of the Foreign Currency Options Market.’ Journal of Finance, 41 (1987), 151162.Google Scholar
Brandt, M., and Santa-Clara, P.. ‘Simulated Likelihood Estimation of Multivariate Diffusions with an Application to Exchange Rate Dynamics in Incomplete Markets.’ Journal of Financial Economics, 63 (2001), 161210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campa, J. M.; Chang, P. H. K.; and Rider, R. L.. ‘Implied Exchange Rate Distributions: Evidence from OTC Option Markets.’ Journal of International Money and Finance, 17 (1998), 117160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Canova, F., and Marrinan, J.. ‘Predicting Excess Returns in Financial Markets.’ European Economic Review, 39 (1995), 3569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chamberlain, G., and Rothschild, M.. ‘Arbitrage, Factor Structure, and Mean-Variance Analysis on Large Asset Markets.’ Econometrica, 51 (1983), 12811304.Google Scholar
Chang, C. W., and Chang, J. S. K.. ‘Forward and Futures Prices: Evidence from the Foreign Exchange Market.’ Journal of Finance, 45 (1991), 13331336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, R. R., and Scott, L.. ‘Pricing Interest Options in a Two-Factor Cox-Ingersoll-Ross Model of the Term Structure.’ Review of Financial Studies, 5 (1992), 613636.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, R. R., and Scott, L.. ‘Maximum Likelihood Estimation for a Multifactor Equilibrium Model of the Term Structure of Interest Rates.’ Journal of Fixed Income, 3 (1993), 1431.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, Z., and Knez, P.. ‘Portfolio Performance Measurement: Theory and Application.’ Review of Financial Studies, 19 (1996), 511555.Google Scholar
Constantinides, G. M.A Theory of the Nominal Term Structure of Interest Rates.’ Review of Financial Studies, 5 (1992), 531552.Google Scholar
Cox, J. C.; Ingersoll, J. E.; and Ross, S. A.. ‘The Relationship between Forward and Futures Prices.’ Journal of Financial Economics, 7 (1981), 229263.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, J. C.; Ingersoll, J. E.; and Ross, S. A.. ‘A Theory of the Term Structure of Interest Rates.’ Econometrica, 53 (1985), 385406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, J. C., and Ross, S. A.. ‘The Valuation of Options for Alternative Stochastic Processes.’ Econometrica, 3 (1976), 145166.Google Scholar
Dai, Q., and Singleton, K.. ‘Specification Analysis of Affine Term Structure Models.’ Journal of Finance, 55 (2000), 19431978.Google Scholar
Duffie, D., and Kan, R.. ‘A Yield-Factor Model of Interest Rates.’ Mathematical Finance, 6 (1996), 379406.Google Scholar
Duffie, D.; Pan, J.; and Singleton, K.. ‘Transformation Analysis and Asset Pricing for Affine Jump-Diffusions.’ Econometrica, 68 (2000), 13431376.Google Scholar
Engel, C.Why Is the Forward Exchange Rate Forecast Biased?’ Working Paper, Univ. of Washington (1994).Google Scholar
Fama, E.Forward and Spot Exchange Rate.’ Journal of Monetary Economics, 14 (1984), 319338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feiger, G., and Jacquillat, B.. ‘Currency Option Bonds, Puts and Calls on Spot Exchange and the Hedging of Contingent Foreign Earnings.’ Journal of Finance, 5 (1979), 11291139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frankel, J. A.The Diversifiability of Exchange Rate.’ Journal of International Economics, 9 (1979), 115125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garman, M., and Kohlhagen, S.. ‘Foreign Currency Option Values.’ Journal of International Money and Finance, 2 (1983), 231237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grabbe, J.The Pricing of Call and Put Options on Foreign Exchange.’ Journal of International Money and Finance, 5 (1983), 349359.Google Scholar
Hansen, L.Large Sample Properties of Generalized Method of Moments Estimators.’ Econometrica, 50 (1982), 10291054.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, L.; Heaton, J.; and Luttmer, E.. ‘Econometric Evaluation of Asset Pricing Models.’ Review of Financial Studies, 8 (1995), 237274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, L., and Jagannathan, R.. ‘Implications of Security Market Data for Models of Dynamic Economies.’ Journal of Political Economy, 99 (1991), 225262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hensen, L., and Jaganathan, R.. ‘Assessing Specification Errors in Stochastic Discount Factor Models.’ Journal of Finance, 52 (1997), 557590.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, M., and Kreps, D.. ‘Martingales and Arbitrage in Multiperiod Security Markets.’ Journal of Economic Theory, 20 (1979), 381408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heston, R.A Closed-Form Solution for Options with Stochastic Volatility with Applications to Bond and Currency Option.’ Review of Financial Studies, 6 (1993), 327343.Google Scholar
Hodrick, R.The Empirical Evidence on the Efficiency of Forward and Futures Foreign Exchange Markets, Chur: Harwood (1987).Google Scholar
Hull, J., and White, A.. ‘The Pricing of Options with Stochastic Volatilities.’ Journal of Finance, 42 (1987), 281300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, N., and Kotz, S.. Continuous Univariate Distributions, Vol. 1. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin (1970).Google Scholar
Jorion, P., and Mishikin, F.. ‘A Multicountry Comparison of Term-Structure Forecasts at Long Horizon.’ Journal of Financial Economics, 29 (1991), 5980.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Longstaff, F. A., and Schwartz, E. S.. ‘Interest Rate Volatility and the Term Structure: A Two-Factor General Equilibrium Model.’ Journal of Finance, 47 (1992), 12591282.Google Scholar
Lucas, R. E.Interest Rates and Currency Prices in a Two-Country World.’ Journal of Monetary Economics, 10 (1982), 335359.Google Scholar
Melino, A., and Turnbull, S.. ‘Pricing Foreign Currency Options with Stochastic Volatility.’ Journal of International Money and Finance, 10 (1990), 310329.Google Scholar
Melino, A., and Turnbull, S.. ‘The Pricing Foreign Currency Options.’ Canadian Journal of Economics, 26 (1991), 251281.Google Scholar
Nielsen, L. T., and Saá-Requejo, J.. ‘Exchange Rate and Term Structure Dynamics and the Pricing of Derivative Securities.’ Working Paper, INSEAD (1993).Google Scholar
Richard, S. F., and Sundaresan, M.. ‘A Continuous Time Equilibrium Model of Forward Prices and Futures Prices in a Multigood Economy.’ Journal of Financial Economics, 9 (1981), 347371.Google Scholar
Saá-Requejo, J. ‘The Dynamics and the Term Structure of Risk Premia in Foreign Exchange Markets.’ Working Paper, INSEAD (1993).Google Scholar
Shastri, K., and Tandon, K.. ‘On the Use of European Models to Price American Options on Foreign Currency.’ Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 21 (1986), 145160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaefer, S. M., and Schwartz, E. S.. ‘Time Dependent Variance and the Pricing of Bonds.’ Journal of Finance, 42 (1987), 11131128.Google Scholar
Singleton, K.Persistence of International Interest Rate Correlation.’ Working Paper, Stanford Univ. (1994).Google Scholar
Stein, E., and Stein, J.. ‘Stock Price Distributions with Stochastic Volatility: An Analytical Approach.’ Review of Financial Studies, 4 (1991), 727752.Google Scholar
Yan, X.Do Affine Models Adequately Represent the International Asset Price Dynamics?’ Working Paper, Univ. of Iowa (2001).Google Scholar
Wiggins, J. B.Option Values under Stochastic Volatility: Theory and Empirical Estimates.’ Journal of Financial Economics, 19 (1987), 351372.Google Scholar