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A bulk-interface correspondence for equatorial waves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 April 2019

C. Tauber Open the ORCID record for C. Tauber [Opens in a new window] ,
P. Delplace  and
A. Venaille Open the ORCID record for A. Venaille [Opens in a new window]
C. Tauber*
Affiliation:
Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 27, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
P. Delplace
Affiliation:
Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique, F-69342 Lyon, France
A. Venaille
Affiliation:
Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique, F-69342 Lyon, France
*
†Email address for correspondence: tauberc@phys.ethz.ch
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Abstract

Topology is introducing new tools for the study of fluid waves. The existence of unidirectional Yanai and Kelvin equatorial waves has been related to a topological invariant, the Chern number, that describes the winding of $f$-plane shallow water eigenmodes around band-crossing points in parameter space. In this previous study, the topological invariant was a property of the interface between two hemispheres. Here we ask whether a topological index can be assigned to each hemisphere. We show that this can be done if the shallow water model in the $f$-plane geometry is regularized by an additional odd-viscosity term. We then compute the spectrum of a shallow water model with a sharp equator separating two flat hemispheres, and recover the Kelvin and Yanai waves as two exponentially trapped waves along the equator, with all the other modes delocalized into the bulk. This model provides an exactly solvable example of bulk-interface correspondence in a flow with a sharp interface, and offers a topological interpretation for some of the transition modes described by Iga (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 294, 1995, pp. 367–390). It also paves the way towards a topological interpretation of coastal Kelvin waves along a boundary and, more generally, to an understanding of bulk-boundary correspondence in continuous media.

JFM classification

Geophysical and Geological Flows: Shallow water flows Mathematical Foundations: Topological fluid dynamics
Type
JFM Rapids
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 868 , 10 June 2019 , R2
Copyright
© 2019 Cambridge University Press 

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