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Hanging droplets from liquid interfaces

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2023

Piyush Singh ,
Narinder Singh Open the ORCID record for Narinder Singh [Opens in a new window]  and
Anikesh Pal Open the ORCID record for Anikesh Pal [Opens in a new window]
Piyush Singh
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
Narinder Singh
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
Anikesh Pal*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
*
†Email address for correspondence: pala@iitk.ac.in
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Abstract

The impact of a heavier droplet falling into a deep pool of lighter liquid is investigated using three-dimensional numerical simulations. We demonstrate that the heavier droplets can hang from the surface of a lighter liquid using surface tension. The impact phenomenon and the evolution of the heavier droplet as a function of its size and release height are explored. A theoretical model is also formulated to understand the role of different forms of energy associated with the hanging droplet. We further solve the force balance equations for the hanging droplets analytically, and demonstrate that the results obtained from our simulations match very well the analytical solution. This research offers opportunities in many areas, including drug and gene delivery, encapsulation of biomolecules, microfluidics, soft robots, and remediation of oil spills.

JFM classification

Micro-/Nano-fluid dynamics: Microfluidics Drops and Bubbles: Drops
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 958 , 10 March 2023 , A48
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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References

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