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The hydroelastic response of a surface-piercing hydrofoil in multi-phase flows. Part 1. Passive hydroelasticity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 October 2019

Casey M. Harwood Open the ORCID record for Casey M. Harwood [Opens in a new window] ,
Mario Felli Open the ORCID record for Mario Felli [Opens in a new window] ,
Massimo Falchi Open the ORCID record for Massimo Falchi [Opens in a new window] ,
Steven L. Ceccio Open the ORCID record for Steven L. Ceccio [Opens in a new window]  and
Yin L. Young
Casey M. Harwood*
Affiliation:
IIHR – Hydroscience and Engineering, the University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Mario Felli
Affiliation:
CNR-INM, National Research Council, Institute of Marine Engineering, Rome 00128, Italy
Massimo Falchi
Affiliation:
CNR-INM, National Research Council, Institute of Marine Engineering, Rome 00128, Italy
Steven L. Ceccio
Affiliation:
Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Office of the Associate Dean for Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Yin L. Young
Affiliation:
Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: casey-harwood@uiowa.edu
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Abstract

Compliant lift-generating surfaces have widespread applications as marine propellers, hydrofoils and control surfaces, and the fluid–structure interactions (FSI) of such systems have important effects upon their performance and stability. Multi-phase flows like cavitation and ventilation alter the hydrodynamic and hydroelastic behaviours of lifting surfaces in ways that are not yet completely understood. This paper describes experiments on one rigid and two flexible variants of a vertical surface-piercing hydrofoil in wetted, ventilating and cavitating conditions. Tests were conducted in a towing tank and a free-surface cavitation channel. This work, which is Part 1 of a two-part series, examines the passive, or flow-induced, fluid–structure interactions of the hydrofoils. Four characteristic flow regimes are described: fully wetted, partially ventilated, partially cavitating and fully ventilated. Hydroelastic coupling is shown to increase the hydrodynamic lift and yawing moments across all four flow regimes by augmenting the effective angle of attack. The effective angle of attack, which was derived using a beam model to account for the effect of spanwise twisting deflections, effectively collapses the hydrodynamic load coefficients for the three hydrofoils. A generalized cavitation parameter, using the effective angle of attack, is used to collapse the lift and moment coefficients for all trials at a single immersed aspect ratio, smoothly bridging the four distinct flow regimes. None of the hydrofoils approached the static divergence condition, which occurs when the hydrodynamic stiffness negates the structural stiffness, but theory and experiments both show that ventilation increases the divergence speed by reducing the hydrodynamic twisting moment about the elastic axis. Coherent vortex shedding from the blunt trailing edge of the hydrofoil causes vortex-induced vibration at an approximately constant Strouhal number of 0.275 (based on the trailing edge thickness), and leads to amplified response at lock-in, when the vortex-shedding frequency approaches one of the resonant modal frequencies of the coupled fluid–structure system.

JFM classification

Drops and Bubbles: Cavitation Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Multiphase flow
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 881 , 25 December 2019 , pp. 313 - 364
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Copyright
© 2019 Cambridge University Press 

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