Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T07:22:14.520Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Near-surface particle image velocimetry measurements in a transitionally rough-wall atmospheric boundary layer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 May 2007

SCOTT C. MORRIS ,
SCOTT R. STOLPA ,
PAUL E. SLABOCH  and
JOSEPH C. KLEWICKI
SCOTT C. MORRIS
Affiliation:
Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University Of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USAs.morris@nd.edu
SCOTT R. STOLPA
Affiliation:
Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University Of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USAs.morris@nd.edu
PAUL E. SLABOCH
Affiliation:
Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University Of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USAs.morris@nd.edu
JOSEPH C. KLEWICKI
Affiliation:
Mechanical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Reynolds number dependence of the structure and statistics of wall-layer turbulence remains an open topic of research. This issue is considered in the present work using two-component planar particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements acquired at the Surface Layer Turbulence and Environmental Science Test (SLTEST) facility in western Utah. The Reynolds number (δuτ/ν) was of the order 106. The surface was flat with an equivalent sand grain roughness k+ = 18. The domain of the measurements was 500 < yuτ/ν < 3000 in viscous units, 0.00081 < y/δ < 0.005 in outer units, with a streamwise extent of 6000ν/uτ. The mean velocity was fitted by a logarithmic equation with a von Kármán constant of 0.41. The profile of u′v′ indicated that the entire measurement domain was within a region of essentially constant stress, from which the wall shear velocity was estimated. The stochastic measurements discussed include mean and RMS profiles as well as two-point velocity correlations. Examination of the instantaneous vector maps indicated that approximately 60% of the realizations could be characterized as having a nearly uniform velocity. The remaining 40% of the images indicated two regions of nearly uniform momentum separated by a thin region of high shear. This shear layer was typically found to be inclined to the mean flow, with an average positive angle of 14.9°.

Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 580 , 10 June 2007 , pp. 319 - 338
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adrian, R. J., Meinhart, C. D. & Tomkins, C. D. 2000 Vortex organization in the outer region of the turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 422, 1–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bandyopadhyay, P. 1980 Large structure with a characteristic upstream interface in turbulent boundary layers. Phys. Fluids 23, 2326–2327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, G. L. & Roshko, A. 1974 On density effects and large structure in turbulent mixing layers. J. Fluid Mech. 64, 775–816.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christensen, K. T. 2001 Experimental investigation of acceleration and velocity fields in turbulent channel flow, PhD thesis, Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.Google Scholar
Christensen, K. T. & Adrian, R. J. 2001 Statistical evidence of hairpin vortex packets in wall turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 431, 433–443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christensen, K. T. & Wu, U. 2005 Characteristics of vortex organization in the outer layer of wall turbulence. Proc. Turbulent Shear Flows Phenomena 4, Blacksburg VA. p. 1025.Google Scholar
DeGraaff, D. B. & Eaton, J. K. 2000 Reynolds-number scaling of the flat-plate turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 422, 319–346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernholz, H. H., Krause, E., Nockemann, M. & Shober, M. 1995 Comparative measurements in the canonical boundary layer at Re<6 104 on the wall of the German-Dutch wind tunnel. Phys. Fluids. 7, 1275–1281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gad-el-Hak, M. & Bandyopadhyay, P. R. 1994 Reynolds number effects in wall-bounded turbulent flows. Appl. Mech. Rev. 47, 307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ganapathisubramani, B., Hutchins, N., Hambleton, W. T., Longmire, E. K. & Marusic, I. 2005 Investigation of large-scale coherence in a turbulent boundary layer using two-point correlations. J. Fluid Mech. 524, 57–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ganapathisubramani, B., Longmire, E. K. & Marusic, I. 2003 Characteristics of vortex packets in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 478, 35–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Head, M. R. & Bandyopadhyay, P. 1981 New aspects of turbulent boundary-layer structure. J. Fluid Mech. 107, 297–338.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ho, C. & Huerre, P. 1984 Perturbed shear layers. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 16, 365–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hommema, S. E. & Adrian, R. J. 2003 Packet structure of surface eddies in the atmospheric boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Met. 106, 147–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutchins, N., Hambleton, W. T. & Marusic, I. 2005 Inclined cross-stream stereo particle image velocimetry measurements in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 541, 21–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutchins, N. & Marusic, I. 2006 Investigation of the log region structure in wall bounded turbulence. AIAA Paper 2006-0325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jimenez, J. 2004 Turbulent flows over rough walls. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 36, 173–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johansson, A. V., Alfredsson, P. H. & Eckelmann, H. 1987 On the evolution of shear-layer structures in near-wall turbulence. In Advances in Turbulence (ed Comte-Bellot, G. & Mathieu, J.). Springer.Google Scholar
Kaimal, J. C. & Finnigan, J. J. 1994 Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows: Their Structure and Measurement, Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klewicki, J. C. & Hirschi, C. R. 2004 Flow field properties local to near-wall shear layers in a low Reynolds number turbulent boundary layer. Phys. Fluids 16, 4163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klewicki, J. C., Metzger, M. M., Kelner, E. & Thurlow, E. M. 1995 Viscous sublayer flow visualizations at r θ=1,500,000. Phys. Fluids 7, 857.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kovasznay, L., Kibens, V. & Blackwelder, R. 1970 Large-scale motion in the intermittent region of a turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 41, 283–325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kunkel, G. J. & Marusic, I. 2006 Study of the near-wall-turbulent region of the high-Reynolds-number boundary layer using an atmospheric flow. J. Fluid Mech. 548, 375–402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labraga, L., Lagraa, B., Mazouz, A. & Keirsbulck, L. 2002 Propagation of shear-layer structures in the near-wall region of a turbulent boundary layer. Exps. Fluids 33, 670–676.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Z., Adrian, R. J. & Hanratty, T. J. 2001 Large-scale modes of turbulent channel flow: transport and structure. J. Fluid Mech. 448, 53–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marusic, I. & Kunkel, G. J. 2003 Streamwise turbulence intensity formulation for flat-plate boundary layers. Phys. Fluids 15, 2461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marusic, I., Uddin, A. K. M. & Perry, A. E. 1997 Similarity law for the streamwise turbulence intensity in zero-pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layers. Phys. Fluids 9, 3718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKeon, B. J., Li, J., Jiang, W., Morrison, J. & Smits, A. 2004 Further observations on the mean velocity distribution in fully developed pipe flow. J. Fluid Mech. 501, 135–147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McNaughton, K. G., Clement, R. & Moncrieff, J. B. 2006 Turbulence spectra above the surface friction layer in a convective boundary layer. Proc. 17th Symp. on Boundary Layers and Turbulence, American Meteorological Society, San Diego, CA, May 2006, paper 1.3.Google Scholar
Meinhart, C. D. & Adrian, R. J. 1995 On the existence of uniform momentum zones in a turbulent boundary layer. Phys. Fluids 7, 694.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metzger, M. & Klewicki, J. 2001 A comparative study of near-wall turbulence in high and low Reynolds number boundary layers. Phys. Fluids 13, 692–701.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metzger, M., Klewicki, J., Bradshaw, K. & Sadr, R. 2001 Scaling the near-wall axial turbulent stress in the zero pressure gradient boundary layer. Phys. Fluids. 13, 1819–1821.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, S. C. & Foss, J. F. 2003 The non-self similar scaling of vorticity in a shear layer. Proc. IUTAM Symp. on Reynolds Number Scaling in Turbulent Flow. (ed. Smiths, A. J.). Kluwer.Google Scholar
Morris, S. C. & Foss, J. F. 2005 Vorticity spectra in high Reynolds number anisotropic turbulence. Phys. Fluids. 17, 088102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oakley, T. R., Loth, E. & Adrian, R. J. 1996 Cinematic particle image velocimetry of high-Reynolds-number turbulent free shear layer. AIAA J. 34, 299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Panofsky, H. & Dutton, J. 1983 Atmospheric Turbulence: Models and Methods for Engineering Applications. Wiley-Interscience.Google Scholar
Priyadarshana, P. J. A. & Klewicki, J. C. 2004 Study of the motions contributing to the Reynolds stress in high and low Reynolds number turbulent boundary layers. Phys. Fluids. 16, 4586–4600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pui, N. K. & Gartshore, I. S. 1979 Measurements of the growth rate and structure in plane turbulent mixing layers. J. Fluid Mech. 91, 111–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sreenivasan, K. R. 1989 The turbulent boundary layer. In Frontiers in Experimental Fluid Mechanics (ed. M. Gad-el-Hak), pp 159–209, Lecture Notes in Engineering, Vol. 46, Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stolpa, S. 2004 Spatially resolved near surface motions in the atmospheric boundary layer. MS Thesis, Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame.Google Scholar
Stull, R. B. 1988 An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology, p. 377 Kluwer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomkins, C. D. & Adrian, R. J. 2003 Spanwise structure and scale growth in turbulent boundary layers. J. Fluid Mech. 490, 37–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Utami, T. & Ueno, T. 1987 Experimental study on the coherent structure of turbulent open channel flow using visualization and picture processing. J. Fluid Mech. 174, 399–440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar