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Nonlinear Bragg scattering of surface waves over a two-dimensional periodic structure

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2022

D.Z. Ning ,
S.B. Zhang ,
L.F. Chen Open the ORCID record for L.F. Chen [Opens in a new window] ,
H.-W. Liu  and
B. Teng
D.Z. Ning
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
S.B. Zhang
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
L.F. Chen*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China Oceans Graduate School, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
H.-W. Liu
Affiliation:
School of Naval Architecture and Maritime, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
B. Teng
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
*
†Email addresses for correspondence: lifen_chen@dlut.edu.cn, chenlifen239@163.com
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Abstract

Bragg scattering of nonlinear surface waves over a wavy bottom is studied using two-dimensional fully nonlinear numerical wave tanks (NWTs). In particular, we consider cases of high nonlinearity which lead to complex wave generation and transformations, hence possible multiple Bragg resonances. The performance of the NWTs is well verified by benchmarking experiments. Classic Bragg resonances associated with second-order triad interactions among two surface (linear incident and reflected waves) and one bottom wave components (class I), and third-order quartet interactions among three surface (linear incident and reflected waves, and second-order reflected/transmitted waves) and one bottom wave components (class III) are observed. In addition, class I Bragg resonance occurring for the second-order (rather than linear) transmitted waves, and Bragg resonance arising from quintet interactions among three surface and two bottom wave components, are newly captured. The latter is denoted class IV Bragg resonance which magnifies bottom nonlinearity. It is also found that wave reflection and transmission at class III Bragg resonance have a quadratic rather than a linear relation with the bottom slope if the bottom size increases to a certain level. The surface wave and bottom nonlinearities are found to play opposite roles in shifting the Bragg resonance conditions. Finally, the results indicate that Bragg resonances are responsible for the phenomena of beating and parasitic beating, leading to a significantly large local free surface motion in front of the depth transition.

JFM classification

Waves/Free-surface Flows: Surface gravity waves Waves/Free-surface Flows: Wave scattering
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 946 , 10 September 2022 , A25
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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