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Western boundary layer nonlinear control of the oceanic gyres

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 May 2021

Ryosuke Kurashina Open the ORCID record for Ryosuke Kurashina [Opens in a new window] ,
Pavel Berloff Open the ORCID record for Pavel Berloff [Opens in a new window]  and
Igor Shevchenko
Ryosuke Kurashina*
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK
Pavel Berloff
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK Institute of Numerical Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow119333, Russia
Igor Shevchenko
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK
*
†Email address for correspondence: ryosuke.kurashina14@imperial.ac.uk
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Abstract

This study examines the influence of flow nonlinearity in western boundary layers upon the turbulent wind-driven ocean gyres. Our analysis involves comparisons between large-scale circulation properties of the linear and nonlinear states, as well as a Lagrangian particle analysis of relevant flow features. We find that the so-called counter-rotating gyre anomalies, which are nonlinear circulation features embedded in the gyres, are consistent in shape with the linear, weakened, wind-curl response created by the geometric wind effect. However, the linear response is far too weak without considering nonlinear effects. Within the western boundary layer lobe of these features, the nonlinear boundary layer has a pivotal impact upon the global circulation. Effects of potential vorticity advection inhibit viscous relative vorticity fluxes through the western boundary. This creates a significant potential vorticity imbalance between the gyres. Consequently, this generates an accumulation of enstrophy downstream in the inertial recirculation zones, which in turn supports the eastward jet. However, within the ocean basin, the growing imbalance is eventually rectified by inter-gyre potential vorticity exchanges owing to nonlinear fluxes. The Lagrangian particle analysis reveals the inter-gyre exchange mechanism, where particles seeded within the western boundary layer migrate between the gyres and weaken the eastward jet extension.

JFM classification

Geophysical and Geological Flows: Geostrophic turbulence Geophysical and Geological Flows: Ocean circulation Geophysical and Geological Flows: Quasi-geostrophic flows
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 918 , 10 July 2021 , A43
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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