Application of Nucleation Theory to the Process of Droplet Freezing on an Ice Substrate

Abstract

The probability P that ice embryos, nucleated inside droplets colliding with an ice surface, have crystallographic orientations different from that of the substrate, is correlated with the mean number of droplets which form each crystal in accretions grown in dry regime (substrate temperature T_s < 0°C). The theory of heterogeneous nucleation is applied to represent the ice embryo nucleation rate and the approximate expression is obtained, where ΔG_y^* is the nucleation energy for randomly oriented critical embryos. Assuming cap-shaped embryos and taking into account the crystal size in accretions grown at T_s = —15°C and air temperatures , it is found that erg

The relationship between the value of ΔG_y^* and those of the crystal-embryo and crystal-melt interfacial free energies is discussed. Finally the dependence of P₀ on the growth conditions and on the ice substrate orientation is analysed, considering the effect of embryo breeding by collision and that of orientation selection, which is responsible for the establishment of preferential orientations in the accretions.