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Glaciological Literature

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 January 2017

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Journal of Glaciology , Volume 18 , Issue 78 , 1977 , pp. 165 - 177
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Copyright © International Glaciological Society 1977

This is a selected list of glaciological literature on the scientific study of snow and ice and of their effects on the Earth; for the literature on polar expeditions, and also on the “applied" aspects of glaciology, such as snow ploughs, readers should consult the bibliographies in each issue of Recent Polar Literature (supplement to the Polar Record), For Russian material the system of transliteration used is that agreed by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names and the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names for British Official Use in 1947. Readers can greatly assist by sending reprints of their publications to the Society, or by informing Dr J. W. Glen of publications of glaciological interest. It should be noted that the Society does not necessarily hold copies of the items in this list, and also that the Society does not possess facilities for microfilming or photocopying.

References

Conferences

Kondrat’yev,K. YA., and others, ed. Sovetsko-amerikanskiy eksperiment “Bering”. Trudy zaklyuchitel’nogo simpoziuma po itogam sovmestnoy ekspeditsii. Leningrad, 12-17 maya 1974 [U.S.S.R./U.S.A. Bering Sea experiment. Proceedings of the final symposium of the joint Soviet-American expedition. Leningrad, 12-17 May 1974]. [Edited by] ϒa. Kondrat’yev,, K. Rabinovitch, ϒu.I., Nordberg, W.. Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 1975. “315 p. [Collected articles by Russian and American scientists on hydrometeorology of the Bering Sea. Includes: Campbell, W.J, Gloersen, P.,Ramseier, R.O, "Synoptic ice dynamics and atmospheric circulation during the Bering Sea experiment", p. 164–85; Gavrilo, V.P, Gusev, A.V,Nikitin, V.A, “Issledovaniye mekhanicheskikh kharakteristik l’dov Beringova morya [Study of the mechanical characteristics of ice in the Bering Sea]”, p. 186-90, Gloersen, P., Ramseier, R.O, Campbell, W.J, Chang, T.C Wilheit, T.T, “Variation of ice morphology of selected mesoscale lest areas during the Bering Sea experiment”, p. 196-218; , Bogorod-skiy, V.V. Khokhlov, G.P, “Elektricheskiye svoystva l’da prikromochnoy zony Beringova morya na chastote 10 GGts [Electrical properties of sea ice in the ice edge zone of the Bering Sea at 10 GHz frequency]”, p. 219-33; Ramseier, R.O, Gloersen, P., Campbell, W.J,Chang, T. C., “Mesoscale description for the principal Bering Sea ice experiment”, p. 234-70; Vinogradov, V.V, Lazarenko, N.N,Mironov, L.V, “Izmereniya radiatsionnoy temperatury podstilayushchey poverkhnosti severnoy chasti Beringova morya [Determination of sea surface temperature in the northern Bering Sea]”, p. 271-81; Gloersen, P., Ramseier, R.O, Campbell, W.J, Kuhn, P.M,Webster, W.J., Jr., “Ice thickness distribution as inferred from infrared and microwave remote sensing during the Bering Sea experiment”, p. 282-93;Rabinovich, Yu.I, Loshchilov, V.S, Shul, Ye.M’gina, “Analiz rczul’taty izmereniy kharakiteristik ledyanogo pokrova (variant C) [Analysis of the results of measurements of ice cover characteristics (option C)]”, p. 294-313. Russian articles have English abstracts; English articles have Russian abstracts.]Google Scholar
[Union GÉODéSique ET gÉophysique Internationale. Association Internationale Des Sciences Hydro-LOGIQUES. Commission Des Neiges Et Glaces.] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige. Actes du colloque de Grindelwald, avril 1974. [Budapest, Association Internationale des Sciences Hydrologiques, 1975.] xii, 442 p. (IAHS-AISH Publication No. 114.) [For details of papers, see elsewhere in this list.]Google Scholar
[Union GÉod E´sique Et GÉophysique Internationale. Association Internationale Des Sciences Hydro-Logiques. Commission Des Neices Et Glaces.] Symposium. Neiges et glaces. Actes du colloque de Moscow. août 1971. [Budapest, Association Internationale des Sciences Hydrologiques. 1975.] xi, 394 p. (IAHS-AISH Publication No. 104.) [For details of papers, see elsewhere in this list.] Google Scholar

General Glaciology

Benson, C.S. Glaciological and volcanological studies at the summit of Mt. Wrangell, Alaska, [by]Benson, C.S., Bingham, D.K.,Wharton, G.B.. [Union Géodésique ….] Symposium. Neiges et glaces. … 1971 [1975], p. 95–98. [Describes studies carried out at 4000 m summit since 1961.]Google Scholar
Clark, B.R. Mullin, R.P. Martian glaciation and the flow of solid carbon dioxide. Icarus, Vol. 27, No. 2, 1976, p. 215–28. [Experiments show strength of solid CO2 near its sublimation point is considerably less than that of ice near its melting point and that power-law creep equation holds, hence polar CO2 caps are plausible on Mars.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delsemme, A.H. Vaporization theory and nongravitational forces in comets. Colloques Internationaux C.N.R.S., No. 207, 1974, p. 305–10. [Recent data strongly support theory based on vaporization of icy conglomerate,and this is used to predict non-gravitational force]Google Scholar
Hamann, G. Die Entdeckung des Franz-Josefs-Landes vor hundert Jahren. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 153–80. [Describes history of exploration of Zeinlya Frantsa-Iosifa.]Google Scholar
Meier, M.F. Presidential address. [Union Géodésique ….] Symposium. Neiges et glaces. … 1971 [1975], p. 1–7.Google Scholar

Glaciological Instruments And Methods

Ambach, W. Denoth, A. On the dielectric constant of wet snow. [Union Géodésique .... ] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 136–42. [Describes development of instrument for determining free water content of snow cover by dielectric measurements. Discussion, p. 140–42.]Google Scholar
Baker, T.H.W. Preparation of artificially frozen sand specimens. Canada. National Research Council. Division of Building Research. DUR Paper No. 682, 1976, [18| p. [In determining mechanical properties of frozen soils, specimens were compared which had been prepared by either compaction by vibration and saturation under water head or compaction by rodding and saturation under vacuum.]Google Scholar
Belousova, I.M. The estimation of the velocity of glacier movement and deformation by means of the Doppler effect, [by] Belousova, I.M., Bogorodskiy, V.V. Ivanov, I.P.. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces. … 1971 [1975], p. 241–45. [Describes use of He-Ne laser. Experiments carried out at Molodezhnaya station, Antarctica.]Google Scholar
Budu, W.F. Allison, I.F. An empirical scheme for estimating the dynamics of unmeasured glaciers. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 246–56.[Describes method and recent application to hitherto unmeasured glacier on Heard Island, southern Indian Ocean.]Google Scholar
Drosdov, O.A. Mosolova, G.I. Method for estimating the melting of snow on glaciers. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971,[1975], p. 70–70 [Discusses importance of absorption of solar radiation and heat taken from atmosphere if this is warmer than 0°C in melting snow and ice.]Google Scholar
Good, W. Numerical parameters to identify snow structure. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974, [1975],p. 91–91. [Analyses thin sections of snow and ice, using automatic scanning microscope in combination with software package to perform subsequent data analysis. Compares alpine and Greenland snow. Discussion, p. 101–02.]Google Scholar
GrzÉs,, M., Jankowski,, A. T. Uwagi o przydatności zdję ć lotniczych do badań zjawisk lodowych jczior [Remarks on the usefulness of aerial photographs for investigating ice phenomena of lakes]. Acta Universitatis Nicolai Copernici. Nauki Matematyczno-Przyrodnkze, Zeszyt 35.Geografia, 11, 1975, p. 145–145 [Discusses field results from air observations of formation and decay of lake ice in Poland. English summary, p. 154.]Google Scholar
Khodakov, V.G. Glaciers as water resource indicators of the glacial areas of the USSR. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971, [1975],p. 22–22. [Presents method of estimating water and snow resources of glacial areas and applies to U.S.S.R.]Google Scholar
Laoanvi, B. Use of the static penetration test in frozen soils. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1976, p. 95–110. [Describes field studies of test. Load-and penetration-rate controlled tests werse carried out with electric penetrometer and compared with short-term and stage-loaded pressuremeter tests.]Google Scholar
Lang, L.C. New permafrost blasting method developed at Asbestos Hill. Canadian Mining Journal, Vol. 97, No. 3, 1976, p. 48–53. [Describes development of slurry explosive which is still pliable at — 30°F (—34.5°C) and has critical diameter of 5 in (13 cm) at 60°F (— 51°C).]Google Scholar
Lvovich, M.I. Tsigelnaya, I.D. A method for studying the water balance and estimating the water resources of glacial mountain areas. [Union Géodésique.... ] Symposium. Neiges el glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 229–32. [Describes method, in which river run-off is differentiated into snow melt, glacial and ground-water components. Applied to mountain area of Central Asia.]Google Scholar
Nowakowski, K.T. Applied glaciometry; geometrical analysis. Lunds Universitets Naturgeografiska Institution. Rapporter och Natiser, No. 30, 1976, 13 leaves.Google Scholar
Shimizu, H. Huzioka, T.[i.e. FUJIOKA], Internal strains and stresses of snow cover on slopes. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 321–31.[Direct observation of internal strain carried out by measuring deformation of configuration of set holes bored in snow cover parallel to contour line of slope. Discussion, p. 331.]Google Scholar
Sommerfeld, R.A. Continuous measurements of deformations on an avalanche slope, [Union Géodésique.... ] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 293–97.[Describes designs of three instruments for measuring stresses in snow slabs: slope-parallel, vertical and creep-angle gauges. Field experiences in Colorado described. Discussion, p. 297.]Google Scholar
Tangbokn, W.V. A comparison of glacier mass balance by glaciological, hydrological and mapping methods, South Cascade Glacier, Washington, [by] Tangborn, W.V., Krimmel, R.M. Meier, M.F.. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 185–96. [Close agreement found between glaciological and mapping methods. Hydrological method was unreliable over short periods.]Google Scholar
Young, G.J. An approach to glacier mass-balance analysis utilizing terrain characterization. Ottawa, Environment Canada. Inland Waters Directorate. Water Resources Branch, 1976. v, 34 p. (Scientific Series, No. 60.) [Describes largely automated system for reducing snow accumulation and ablation measurements to readily understandable mapped and tabulated form.]Google Scholar
Ziegler,, ?. Continuum mechanics: a powerful tool in solving ice and snow problems. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de ta neige.... 1974 [1975] p. 185–95. [Discussion of laws of continuum mechanics and of their applicability to practical problems.]Google Scholar

Physics Of Ice

Anderson, B.J. Hallet, J. Supersaturation and time dependence of ice nuclcation from the vapor on single crystal substrates. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 33, No. 5, 1976, p. 822–32. [Microscopy used to study nucleation times on covellite and AgI.]2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baron,, BILL, Williams,, FEKD. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of amorphous ice. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 64, No. 9, 1976, p. 3896–97. [Letter. Results, together with preliminary results on ice Ic obtained by warming, show electronic states of water molecule to be perturbed on condensation with consequent structural changes.]Google Scholar
Bellows, J.C. Prasad, P.N. Phonon bands in disordered systems with both mass and force constant defects: isotopic mixed ice Ih. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 64, No. 9, 1976, p. 3674–78. [Study of D2O-H2O mixed crystals shows absence of isotope selectivity of H-bonds and that additional disorder due to isotopes is purely dynamic.]Google Scholar
Bernas, A. Ruong, T.-B. On the neutralization luminescence in γ-irradiated pure or alkaline ices. Chemical Physics’ Letters, Vol. 39, No. 2, 1976, p. 379–81. [Discussion of origin of stimulated luminescence at 380 nm; OH- and H- both unlikely.]Google Scholar
Boned, C. Propriétés diélectriques de la glace obtenue par solidification de solutions aqueuses de NH4Cl et de sels alcalins, par C. Boned, H. Saint-Guirons et R. Cazaban-Marque. Journal de Chimie Physique et de Physico-Chimie Biologiques, Tom. 73, No. 4, 1976, p. 367–73. [Measurements on massive samples and also samples of a few cubic micrometres obtained from supercooled solutions. Effect of doping more important in latter case.]Google Scholar
Eldrup, M. Vacancy migration and void formation in γ-irradiated ice. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 64, No. 12, 1976, p. 5283–90. [Positron annihilation techniques used to identify effects of irradiation at — 196°C on polycrystalline and monocrystalline ice. Effects attributed to vacancies and disappearance on heating above — 165° to void formation. Deduced vacancy migration activation energy is 0.34 eV]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feiner, S. An extremely simple technique for maintaining an ice bath at 0°C Chemistry and Industry, 1976, No. 9,p. 416–416. [Bubbling a stream of air through the ice-water mixture maintains temperature to ±0.05 deg.]Google Scholar
Firment, L.E. Samokjai, G. The surface structures of vapor-grown ice and naphthalene crystals studied by low-energy electron diffraction. Surface Science, Vol. 55, No. 2, 1976, p. 413–26. [Thin film formed on (111) face of Pt as substrate is hexagonal. It only forms between 125 and 155 K and could be (0001) of ice Ih or (111) of ice lc.]Google Scholar
Frost, H.J. Kink velocities on dislocations in ice. A comment on the Whitworth, Paren and Glen model, by Frost, H.J.,.Goodman, D.J.,Ashby, M.F., Philosophical Magazine, Eighth Ser., Vol. 33,No. 6, 1976, p. 951–61. [Alternative model with identical physics but different statistical summation gives same result, that predicted movement of dislocations is much too slow if dielectric relaxation time is used for proton re-arrangement.]Google Scholar
Gerber, H.E. Relationship of size and activity for AgI smoke particles. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 33, No. 4, 1976, p. 667–77. [Measurement of ice nucleating ability as function of particle size, temperature and timc.]Google Scholar
Hase, H. Kawabata, K. Trapped electrons in crystalline D2O ice at 4°K. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 65, No. 1, 1976, p. 64–67. [Observations show that 1.5% H2O reduces trapped electron yield and shortens half life. Effect of dopants also studied.]Google Scholar
Huler, E. Zunoer, A. Calculation of the equilibrium configuration and intermolecular frequencies of water dimers and hexagonal ice. Chemical Physics, Vol. 13, No. 4, 1976, p. 433–40. [Calculation using Hartree-Fock potential with corrections for dispersion interactions. Zero-point energy effects shown to have little effect on equilibrium structure.]Google Scholar
Inchackal, J.J. Weber, A.H. Electrical properties of KF-doped hexagonal ice. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 64, No. 12, 1976, p. 4952–4952, [Dielectric properties 50 to 20 ×103 Hz measured from —10 to — 90°C for 10 -6 to 10-3 N dopant Temperature variation of a.c. conduction and of relaxation time were determined and d.c. conduction showed temperature dependence.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johari, G.P. The dielectric properties of H2O and D2O ice Ih at MHz frequencies. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 64, No. 10, 1976, p. 3998–4005. [Measurements 0.5 to 100 MHz, 243-273 K. Temperature variation of ϵ unexpected compared with that of lattice vibrations. Deuteration decreases ϵ Secondary relaxation in MHz range found. Little anisolropy.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johari, G.P. Entropy of vitreous ice. Nature, Vol. 260, No. 5550, 1976, p. 421–22. [Letter. Calculation of entropy from known calorimetric results and discussion of value obtained.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johari, G.P. Jones, S.J. Dielectric properties of polycrystalline D2O ice Ih (hexagonal). Proceedings, of the Royal Society of London, Ser. A, Vol. 349, No. 1659, 1976, p. 467–95. [Measurements 10-2 to 5 × 1?7 Hz, 77-274 K. Three relaxation processes identified.]Google Scholar
Johari, G.P. Whalley, E. Dielectric properties of ire VI at low temperatures. Journal of Chemical Physics; Vol. 64, No. 11, 1976, p. 4484–89. [Measurements of dielectric dispersion down to 128 K to seek for evidence ?Γ ordering. Dispersion strength increases as temperature falls, but no transition reached. Activation energy of relaxation time is constant.]Google Scholar
Johnson, L.R. The phases of the AgI-KI-H2O system. Journal of Applied Crystallography, Vol. 8, Pt. 5, 1975, p. 507–14. [X-ray diffraction study and discussion of results in connection with nucleating ability for ice.]Google Scholar
Johnson, R.A. Performance of liquid-liquid cyclones, by Johnson, R.A., Gibson, W.E.,Libby, D.R..Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Fundamentals, Vol. 15, No. 2, 1976, p. 110–15. [Experimental test of the ability of a cyclone to separate Freon drops from water and from an ice-brine slurry and comparison with theory.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kallungal, J.P. The growth of single ice crystals parallel to the a-axis in subcooled quiescent and flowing water. Dissertation Abstracts International, B, Vol. 36, No. 10, 1976, p. 5162-B-63-B. [Experiments on growth rates with various supercoolings, flow velocities and growth directions. Abstract of Ph.D. thesis, Syracuse University, 1975. University Microfilms order No. 76-7657.]Google Scholar
Krastanov, L. Levkov, L. Mechanism of ice formation on β-AgJ. Daklady Bolgarskoy Akademii Nauk, Tom. 29, No. 1, 1976, p. 57–60. (Theoretical study of work necessary to form ice embryos on prismatic and basal faces of silver iodide crystal.]Google Scholar
Lagourette, B. Study of the dielectric properties of disperse micro-crystals of ice near the melting temperature. Section I: experimental results. Journal de Physique, Tom. 37, Nos. 7-8, 1976, p. 945–54. [Study of these emulsions 20 Hz to 3 MFIz. Debye absorption and other lower frequency dispersions observed.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lagourette, B. Study of the dielectric properties of disperse micro-crystals of ice near the melting temperature. Section II: discussion and interpretation, [par] Lagourette, B. , et Boned, C.,Royer, R. Journal de Physique, Tom. 37, Nos. 7-8, 1976, p. 955–64. [Explanation of observations on disperse emulsions based on pre-melting phenomena above about — 20°C and a liquid-like surface layer.]Google Scholar
Lebedev, D.P. Andreyev,, YE. F. Opredeleniye koeffitsiyenta kondensatsii vodyanogo para v led v vakuume pri pomoshchi datchika teplovogo potoka [Determination of the coefficient of condensation of water vapour on ice in vacua using a heat-flow sensor].Zhurnal Fizkheskoy Khimii, Tom 50, Vyp. 4, 1976, p. 1036–38. [English translation inRussian Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol, 50, No. 4, 1976, p. 626–28.]Google Scholar
Mae,, S, Kōri no kcsshōryūnai oyobi ryūkainai ni keisei sareru Chindaru-zō no keitai [The shape of small Tyndall figures in pure iec], Seppyō, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1975, p- 107-13. [Description of shapes both inside grains and at grain boundaries for various formation rates.]Google Scholar
MAÏ,, C. Étude par topographie X du comportement dynamique des dislocations dans la glace Ih. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences, Sér. B, Tom. 282, No. 22, 1976, p, 515-18. [X-ray topographie study shows that below c. 260 K dislocation velocity is proportional to stress whereas above a non-linearity is found. Theoretical explanation suggested.]Google Scholar
Miyauchi, S. Poriechiren gurikōru ni yoru yūhyō [Melting of ice with polyethylene glycol]. Seppyō, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1975, p. 14.0-42. [Refrigerator surface coated with this substance does not frost, and ice placed in contact melts at temperatures down to — I4°C.]Google Scholar
Perez, J., Internal friction and microplasticity of iceIn, [by] Perez, J., Maï, C., Tatibouët, J.,Vassoille, R.. Nuovo Cimento, Ser. 11, Vol. 33B, No. 1, 1976, p. 86–95. [Internal friction of ice single crystals shows relaxation peak as temperature increases followed by increased damping above 260 K. Plastic deformation affects both phenomena.]Google Scholar
Prince, R.H. Fluorescence of ice by low energy electrons, by Prince, R.H., Sears, G.N.,Morgan, F.J.. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 64, No. 10, 1976, p. 3978–84. [Results on thin films deposited at 77 K show differences from those of high-energy radiolysis. Three emissions observed and D2O substitution used to help attribution.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryan, B.F. The growth rates and densities of ice crystals between —3°C and —2I°C, [by] Ryan, B.F., Wishart, E.R.,Shaw, D.E.. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 33, No. 5, 1976, p. 842–50. [Dimensions parallel toc- and a-axes as a function of lime and temperature.]Google Scholar
Savel’yeva,, E. M., Rokhinson,, E. YE. Vliyaniye magnitnoy obrabotki razbavlennykh vodnykh rastvorov elektrolitov na kinetiku kristallizatsii I’da [Effect of magnetic treatment of dilute aqueous solutions of electrolytes on the kinetics of ice crystallization]. Elektronnoya Obrabotka Materiutov, No. 2, 1976, p. 59–62. [Effect of prior exposure of KCI solution to a magnetic field on subsequent crystallization. More ions are incorporated in ice and interface electric field is changed by this treatment.]Google Scholar
Schaller, R.C. A study of heterogeneous ice nucleation mechanisms using a new ice thermal diffusion chamber. Dissertation Abstracts International, B, Vol. 36, No. 10, 1976, p. 5091-B-92 -B. [Description of new form of diffusion chamber and presentation of results and their interpretation in terms of nucleation mechanism. Abstract of Ph.D. thesis, University of Denver, 1975. University Microfilms order No. 76-8184.]Google Scholar
Schlick, S., ESR line shape studies of trapped electrons in γ-irradiated 17O enriched 10 M NaOH alkaline ice glasses: model for the geometrical structure of the trapped electron, [by] S, Schlick, Narayana, P.A., Kevan, L.. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 64, No. 8, 1976, p. 3153–60.Google Scholar
Shumskiy, P.A. O zakone techeniya polikristallicheskogo I’da [On the flow law of polycrystalline ice]. Institut Mekkaniki MGU. Nauchnyye Trudy, No. 42, 1975, p. 54–68. [Analysis of available data and new proposal for an empirical flow law.]Google Scholar
Tsarev, V.P. , ed. Fidka I’da i ledotekhnika [The physics of ice and ice technology]. Yakutsk, Izdaniye Yakutskogo Filiala SO AN SSSR, 1974. 203 p. [Includes the following papers: Ivanov, N.S., “O problemakh fiziki I’da i ledotekhniki pri osvoyenii rayonov Kraynego Severa [On problems of the physics of ice and ice technology in development regions of the far north]”, p. 5–5; Savel, B.A.’yev, “Termodinamicheskiye osobennosti formirovaniya ledyanykh pokrytiy [Thermodynamic peculiarities in the formation of ice covers]”, p. 30–30; Bondarev, E.A.,Kolmogorov, A.V., “Dinamika ledyanykh mass [Dynamics of ice masses]”, p. 60–60; Karakin, A.V., “K vyvodu osnovnykh uravneniy mekhaniki tayushchego I’da [The derivation of the fundamental equations of the mechanical melting of ice]”, p. 87–87; Karakin, A.V., “Mekhanizm vneshnego zhidkogo treniya [The mechanism of external fluid friction]”, p. 98–98; Karakin, A.V., “Nckotoryye voprosy dinamiki tonkikh sloyev pri techenii lednikov [Some questions on the dynamics of thin layers during glacier How]”, p. 114–114; Tsarev, V.P., “Zony gidratoobrazovaniya v rayonakh rasprostrancniya moshchnykh ledyanykh pokrovov [Zones of hydrate formation in regions of thick ice cover]”, p. 128–128; Rudnev, A.S., “Osobennosti zamcrzaniya reki Vilyuy i vozmozhnost’ yego prognoza [Peculiarities in the freezing of the river Vilyuy and the possibility of their prediction]”, p. 135–135; ?. Bondarev, A.B.,Fayko, L.I., “K raschety temperalurnogo rezhima ledyanykh poley pcred vskrytiyem rek i vodoyemov [On the calculation of the temperature regime of an ice field before break-up on a river and reservoir]”, p. 149–149; Bondarev, E.A.,Fayko, L.I., “O teplofizicheskikh kriteriyakh prolsessa smerzaniya [On the thermophysical criteria of the sintering process]”, p. 152–152; Groysman, A.G., “Teplofizicheskiye svoystva gazovykh gidratov dvuokisi ugleroda [Thermophysical properties of the gaseous hydrates of carbon dioxide]”, p. 158–158;Afanas’yeva, L. D,Groysman, A.G., “Teplofizicheskiye kharakteristiki I’da, soderzhashchego kislorod pod davleniyem [Thermophysical characteristics of ice containing oxygen under pressure]”, p. 162–162; Savel, I.V.’yev, “Izucheniye nezamerzshey vody v nekotorykh dispersnykh gruntakh metodom spinovogo ekha [The study of unfrozen water in some disperse soils by the method of spin echo]”, p. 165–165; Ivanov, B.D., “Sorbtsionnaya teoriya gazovykh gidratov [Sorption theory of gaseous hydrates]”, p. 174–174; Ivanov, B.D., “Primeneniye potentsiala Kikhari dlya vychisleniya konstant Lengmyura gazovykh gidratov [Application of the Kikhar potential for the calculation of the Langmuir constant of the gaseous hydrates]”, p. 180–180; Groysman, A.G.,Tsarev, V.P., “O novom mekhanizme razdeleniya isotopov v prirode [On a new mechanism fur the separation of isotopes in nature]”, p. 188–188; Ivanov, B.D.,Tsarev, V.P., “Sravnemye energii razryva vodorodnoy svyazi molekul vody v klatratnykh gidratakh i deytratakh [Comparison of the rupture energy of hydrogen bonds in water molecules of the clathrate hydrates and deuterates]”, p. 192–95.]Google Scholar
Volynets, A.Z. Sublimatsiya I’da v krupnodispersnykh porodakh pri uslovii kvaziizotermicheskogo rezhima [Sublimation of ice in coarsely dispersed rocks under quasi-isothermal conditions]. [By] Volynets, A.Z., E, Yershov, D., 1. Komarov, A., Safonov, V.K.. Inzhenerno-Fizicheskiy Zurnal, Torn 30, No. 4, 1976, p. 640–45. [Theoretical study of sublimation of ice in coarsely dispersed rocks and comparison with experimental data. English summary, p. 645.]Google Scholar
Wong, P.T.T. Whalley,, E. Optical spectra of orienationally disordered crystals. VI. The Raman spectrum of the translational lattice vibrations of ice Ih. Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 65, No. 2, 1976, p. 829–36. [Study of Raman spectrum, 350-20 cm-1, and interpretation using theory of Raman scattering by translational vibrations of disordered crystals.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zumer, S. Study of the ultraslow motion correlation functions via dipolar spin-lattice relaxation. (In Allen, P. S., ed. Magnetic resonance and related phenomena. Proceedings of the 18th Ampère Congress, Nottingham, 9-14 September,1974, edited by Alten, P.S., Andrew, K.R.,Bates, C.A.. Amsterdam, North-Holland, 1975, Vol. 2, p. 465–66.) [General relation deduced between dipole spin-lattice relaxation time TID and autocorrelation function of dipolar coupling, Applied to ice Ih, τ = 0.4,TID obtained.]Google Scholar

Land Ice. glaciers. Ice Shelves

Allison, I. Morphology and dynamics of the tropical glaciers of Irian Jaya. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazitdgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 129–52. [Presents results of observations made on Carstensz and Meren glaciers, Papua-New Guinea.]Google Scholar
Ambach, W., Studie zum Schmelzwasserabfluss aus dem Akkumulationsgebiet eines Alpengletschers (Hintereisferner, Ötztaler Alpen), von Ambach, W. und Els, M.ässer, Behrens, H. und Moser, H.. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 181–87. [Calculates, from experimental evidence, time of melt water discharge from accumulation area of this Austrian glacier.]Google Scholar
Bazhev, A.B. Artificial augmentation of snow melting in a firn basin of a mountain glacier with the aim of increasing runoff. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces… 1971 [1975] p. 211–18. [Presents results of coal-dusting experiments on Lednik Medvezhiy, western Pamir, U.S.S.R.]Google Scholar
Bazhev, A.B. The problems of present-day glaciation of the Pamir-Alai, [by] Bazhev, A.B., Kotlyakov, V.M., Rototayeva, O.V.,Varnakova, G.M.. [Union Géodésique....]Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 11–21. [Considers elevation of equilibrium line, glacier morphology, glacier regime, and classification of region according tu glacier regime and predominant type of ice formation.]Google Scholar
Behrens, H.,Study of the discharge of Alpine glaciers by means of environmental isotopes and dye tracers, [by] Behrens, H. [and 7 others]. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 219–24. [Model developed and applied to Kesselwandferner and Hintereisferner in drainage area of Rofenache, Ötztaler Alpen, Austria.]Google Scholar
Budd, W.F. Jenssen,, D. Numerical modelling of glacier systems. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 257–91. [Discussion of method of setting up a computer model to deduce the dynamics of any glacier system as a function of time given bedrock and mass balance distribution, Several specific examples given.]Google Scholar
Churski, Z. Wybrane zagadnienia z hydrografii przedpola lodowca Skeiaràrjökull na Islandii [Some problems of the hydrography of the forefield of Skeiðararjökull in Iceland]. Toruń, Uniwersytet Mikolaja Kopernika, 1974. 202 p. [Presents results of field study of drainage system of this glacier, commenting on effect on terrain. English summary, p. 199–202.]Google Scholar
Derikx, L. The heat balance and associated runoff from an experimental site on a glacier tongue. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 59–69. [To determine hydrological response time of porous ice exposed at surface in ablation area of glacier, run-off was compared with ice melt computed from meteorological measurements during same hourly intervals.]Google Scholar
Dolgushin, L.D. Osipova, G.B. Glacier surges and the problem of their forecasting. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 292–304. [Presents observations on glacier surges in U.S.S.R., especially Lednik Medvezhiy, and discusses forecasting.]Google Scholar
Golubev, G.N. The water regime of the glaciological zones. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 111–22. [Examines water regimes of Shumskiy’s glaciological zones in order to show common and differing features.]Google Scholar
Grigoryan, S.S. Shumskiy, P.A Prosteyshaya matematicheskaya model’ trekhmernogo nestatsionarnogo lednika [The simplest mathematical model of a three-dimensional non-stationary glacier].Institut Mekhaniki MGU. Nauchnyye Trudy, No. 42, 1975, p. 43–53. [Mathematical model for the stress and velocity field of a glacier where curvatures of bed and surface can be neglected and solution for isothermal case.]Google Scholar
Haefeli, R. Von Sury, H.V. Strain and stress in snow, firn and ice along the EGIG profile of the Greenland ice sheet. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige..... 1974, [1975], p. 342–52. [Presents and discusses recent results. Discussion, p. 352.]Google Scholar
Hambrey, M.J. Debris, bubble, and crystal fabric characteristics ?Γ foliated glacier ice, Charles Rabots Bre, Okstindan, Norway. Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1976, p. 49–60. [Assesses significance of these characteristics in relation to development of foliation.]Google Scholar
Hattersley-smith,, G.,,Oxygen isotope analysis in accumulation studies on an ice cap in northern Ellesmere Island, NWT, [by] Hattcrsley, G.-Smith, Krouse, H.R.,West, K.E.. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces... 1971. [1975], p. 123–28. [Objectives of study were to assess annual accumulation in area where deep coring may be undertaken and to evaluate oxygen isotope analysis as tool for strati-graphic identification on ice cap in zone of percolation facies.]Google Scholar
Hofmann, W. Die Internationale Glaziologische Grönland-Expedition (EGIG). 2. Die geodätische Lage-messung. Eisbewegung 1959-1967 in den EGIG-Profilen. Zeilschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 217–24. [Presents measurements of ice movement and change of height of ice surface between 1959 and 1967 during programme of the Expédition Glaciologique Internationale au Groenland.]Google Scholar
Hoinkes, H.C. Steinacker, R. Hydrometeorological implications of the mass balance of Hintereisferner, 1958-53 to 1968-69. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges el glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 144–49. [Presents observations from this Austrian glacier.]Google Scholar
Hughes, T.J. A differential ablation-longitudinal compression mechanism for generating wave trains on cold alpine glaciers. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces. … 1971 [1975], p. 305–17. [Presents model for formation of waves on alpine glaciers in dry valleys region of south Victoria Land. Antarctica, with particular reference to Meserve Glacier, Wright Valley.]Google Scholar
Kick,, W. Application of geodesy, photogrammetry, history and geography to the study of long-term mass balances of Central Asiatic glaciers. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Aciges el glaces.... 1971 [1975I, p. 150–60. [Discusses these possibilities.]Google Scholar
Kotlyakov, V.M. Lebedeva, I.M. Nieve and ice penitentes. Their way of formation and indicative significance. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 111–27. [Describes appearance and formation of these ablation features, with reference to those observed in eastern Pamir, U.S.S.K.]Google Scholar
Kraus, H. An energy balance model for ablation in mountainous areas. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces….1971, [1975], p. 74–74 [Discusses development of model and its significance.]Google Scholar
Lebedeva, I.M. The heat balance and ablation of the glaciers in Soviet Central Asia. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 83–87. [Six characteristic types of ablation in this glacial zone can be distinguished by air temperature, which serves as indicator of heat balance structure.]Google Scholar
Liibouthy, L.A. La catastrophe de Yungay (Pérou). [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces... 1971 [1975], p. 353–63. [Describes effects of earthquake in Peru on 31 May 1970, which covered several glaciers and eroded lower slopes.]Google Scholar
Lliboutry, L.A. Études glaciologiques au Glacier de Saint-Sorlin. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 225–31. [Reviews development of glaciological research on this French glacier since 1891.]Google Scholar
Lliboutry, L.A. Echevin, M. Mesure des bilans annuels en zone d’accumulation. Zeilschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 71–88. [Presents results from Glacier de Saint-Sorlin, France, and discusses implications.]Google Scholar
Lorius, G. Delmas, R. Géochemie des calottes polaires: aspects atmosphériques et climatiques. Journal de Physique, Colloque, No. C8, 1975, p. 37–43. [Review of variations in D and 18 O composition in ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica and climatic deductions. Other chemical measurements also discussed.]Google Scholar
Makarevich, K.G. Liquid runoff from regions of mountain glacier accumulation, [by] Makarcvich, K.G., Shabanov, P.F.,Vilesov, Ye.N.. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971, [1975], p. 233–38. [Presents results obtained from studies on central Lednik Tuyuksu, Zailiy Alatau, U.S.S.R., carried out since 1963.]Google Scholar
Mokievsky-zubok,, O. Half decade study of mass balance at Sentinel Glacier, BC, Canada. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces…. 1971, [1975], p. 202–07. [Discusses results. 1966-70. from this glacier in British Columbia, Canada.]Google Scholar
Murozumi, M. Mizuho kōgen, nishi-Endãbii-rando seppyōsō no chikyū kagakuteki kenkyū [Geochemical investigation of ice sheets in Mizuho plateau and west Enderby Land]. Nankyoku Shiryō: Antarctic Record, [No.] 54, 1975, p. 49–67. [Sea salts account for more than 90% of total weight of components. Annual accumulation of chemical components, µ/cm2, is 0. 1 for Si dusts and 0.40, 0.03, 0. 10 and 0.06 for NMg, a.K. and Ca originating in latter source. English abstract, p. 49.]Google Scholar
Pantaleo, M. Note toponomastiche sui ghiacciai dei gruppi del Bernina e dcll’Adamello. Bollettmo del Comitata Glaciologico Itatiano, Ser. 2, No. 23, 1975, p. 83–100. [Notes on derivations or origins of names of 86 glaciers in Italian Alps.]Google Scholar
Radok, U. Watts, D. A synoptic background to glacier variations of Heard Island. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces. ... 1971 [1975], p. 42–56. [Appears to be some justification for claiming that preferred tracks of depressions explain temperature conditions and thereby changes of glaciers in this region.]Google Scholar
Robertson, J.D. Geophysical studies on the Ross Ice Shelf. Dissertation Abstracts International, B, Vol. 36, No. 11, 1976, p. 5484-B. [Seismic, radio-echo and gravity surveys and (heir interpretation in terms of the structure and origin of the ice shelf and of isostasy. Abstract of Ph.D. thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1975. University Microfilms order No. 76-2503.]Google Scholar
Schneebeli, W. RÖthlisberger,, F. 8 000 Jahrer Walliser Gletschegeschichte. Ein Beitrag zur Erforschung des Klimaverlaufs in der Nachzei Teil, t.I.. Untersuchungen von Gletschcrschwankungen im Val de Bagnes. II. Teil. Gletscher- und Klimaschwankungen im Raum Zematt, Ferpècle und Arolla. Die Alpen, 52. Jahrg., 3.-4. Quartal, 1976, 152 p.+ 2 fold-out illus. [Two papers both concerned with evidence from historical, geomorphological and dating methods for glacier variations over the last 8 000 years in Canton Valais, Switzerland, with introduction by G. Furrer, Teil I by Schneebeli, W., Teil II by F. Röthlisberger and final summary of chronology and of radiocarbon dating.]Google Scholar
Shumskiy, P.A. Izucheniye rezhima lednikov s pomoshch’yu rablyudeniy na poverkhnosti [The study of the regime of glaciers with the help of surface observations]. Institut Mekhaniki MGU. Nauchnyye Trudy, No. 42. 1975, p. 12–43. [Discussion of observations it is desirable to make on the surface of a glacier to establish its balance strain and velocity fields.]Google Scholar
Shumskiy, P.A. Mechanisms and causes of glacier variations. [Union Géodésique….] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 318–32. [Discussion, referring to specific glaciers in Austria, Antarctica and U.S.S.R.]Google Scholar
Shumskiy, P.A. Vzaimnaya oriyentalsiya vektora skorosti i tenzora skorosti deformatsii [Mutual orientation of the velocity vector and the strain-rate tensor]. Institut Mekhaniki MGU. Nauchnyye Trudy, No. 4a, 1975, p. 69–73. [Analysis of data and application to Hintereisferner (Austria) and Denman and Scott glaciers (Antarctica).]Google Scholar
Shumskiy, P.A. Zadachi i metody izucheniya kolebaniy lednikov [Problems and methods of studying fluctuations of glaciers]. Institut Mekhaniki MGV. Nauchnyye Trudy, No. 42, 1975, p. 5–11. [General survey of the problem of measuring and interpreting glacier fluctuations.]Google Scholar
Slupetzky, H. Untersuchungen zur Massenbilanz eines Hanggletschers. Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen aus der Messreihe 1963/64-1970/71 vom Stubachcr Sonnblirkkees (Hohe Tauern). Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazitdgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 11–69. [Presents and discusses results of recent mass balance studies on Stubacher Sonnblickkees, Hohe Tauern, Austria.]Google Scholar
Smiraglia, C. Note sull’evoluzione recente del glacialismo dell’alla Valpelline. Bollettino del Comitata Glaciologico Italiano, Ser. 2, No. 23, 1975, p. 119–30. [Discusses recent behaviour of Tza de Tzan and Grandes Murailles glaciers, Valpelline, Italy.]Google Scholar
Stanley, A.D. Mass and water balance studies at selected glacier basins in western Canada. [Union Géodésique….] Symposium. Neiges et glaces. … 1971 [1975], p. 181–84. [Describes studies initiated in 1965. Ram River, Peyto, Woolsey, Sentinel and Place glaciers had negative balance up to 1970, while Berendon had definite positive balance.]Google Scholar
Steinhauser, P. Seismisch bestimmte Eigenschaften des Eises der Dachsteingletscher. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glaziatgealogie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 101–09. [Investigation yields statistical relation between geometry of glacier and density of ice.]Google Scholar
Vinogradov, V.N. The peculiarities of accumulation and ablation on glaciers of the volcanic regions of Kamchatka. [Union Oéodésique….] Symposium. Neiges et glaces. … 1971, [1975], p. 129–33. [Accumulation varies from 660 to 2 470 mm; ablation is intensive, attributable to low elevation of glacier margins.]Google Scholar
Weller, G., Physical characteristics of the McCall Glacier, Brooks Range, Alaska, [by] Weiler, G., Trabant, D. Benson, G. [S.] . [Union Géodésique….] Symposium. Neiges et glaces…. 1971 1975], p. 88–91.Google Scholar
Wendler, G. A note on the advection of warm air towards a glacier. A contribution to the International Hydrological Decade. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 199–205. [Increased amount of ablation at edge of glacier measured for 17-day period. Increase explained by advection of warm air and by increased long-wave radiation from adjacent warm moraine.]Google Scholar
Wfndler, G. Mass balance studies on McCall Glacier, Brooks Range, Alaska, [by] Wendler, G.,Fahl, C.,Corbin, S.. [Union Géodésique ….] Symposium. Neiges et glaces. … 1971 [1975], p. 197–201. [Results given for 1968/69 and 1969/70 hydrological years.]Google Scholar
Yemelyanov, Y.A.N. Konovalov,, V. G. Estimation of total ablation on Central Asian glaciers. [Union Géodésique….] Symposium. Neiges et glaces. … 1971 [1975], p. 99–105. [Outlines some results of developing and applying rated scheme for estimating total ablation on basis of relation to absorbed solar radiation.]Google Scholar
Young, G.J. Accumulation and ablation patterns as functions of the surface geometry of a glacier. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges ei’glaces.... 1971,[1975], p. 134–38. [Method described and applied to Peyto Glacier, Alberta, Canada.]Google Scholar

Icebergs.Sea, River And Lake Ice

Capello,, G. F. Un particolare tipo di “valanghe di ghiaccio”. Bollettino del Comitalo Glaciologico Italiano, Ser. 2, No. 23, 1975. p. 26–30. [Describes how avalanche occurred on iceberg in Davis Strait, and its effects.]Google Scholar
Diachok, O.I. Recent advances in Arctic hydroacouslics. Naval Research Renews. Vol. 29, No. 5, 1976, p. 48–63. [Reviews recent advances in understanding ice-related underwater acoustic phenomena.]Google Scholar
Fariiadieh, R. Tankin, R. S. A study of the freezing of sea water. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 71, Pt. 2, 1975, p, 293–304. [Attention focused on interaction between thermal convective currents in sea-water and ice-water interface during early stages of freezing and on salt plumes appearing in sea-water during later stages of freezing.]Google Scholar
Gosink, T.A. Gas movement through sea ice, [by] Gosink, T.A., Pearson, J.G., Kelley., J. J, Nature, Vol. 263, No. 5572, 1976, p. 41–42. [Letter. Data indicate gas migration is important factor in ocean-atmosphere winter communication particularly when surface temperature is above — 10°C.]Google Scholar
Johnson, G.L. The Fridtjof Nansen drift station. Naval Research Reviews, Vol. 29, No. 5, 1976, p. 64–76. [Describes proposal to freeze ship into Arctic pack ice for multidisciplinary study, including determination of heat and mass balance of ice cover in Eurasian basin.]Google Scholar
Maguire, R.J. Effects of ice and snow cover on transmission of light in lakes. Burlington, Ontario, Environment Canada. Inland Waters Directorate. Canada Centre for Inland Waters Branch, 1975. v, 24 p. (Scientific Series, No. 54.) [Reviews chemical and biochemical effects of ice and snow cover on lakes with particular attention to attenuation of photosynthetically active light by this cover and resulting decrease in amount of dissolved oxygen in lakes.]Google Scholar
Maguire, R.J. Light transmission through snow and ice. Burlington, Ontario, Environment Canada. Inland Waters Directorate. Canada Centre fur Inland Waters Branch, 1975. v, 4 p. (Technical Bulletin No. 91.) [Transmission of photosynthetically active radiation by snow and ice examined, and extinction coefficients determined for various types. Values used to predict transmission by snow and ice systems of varying composition and thickness.]Google Scholar
Michel, B. Ice bridges of the James Bay project: reply. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1976, p. 181. [Comments on paper by L.W. Gold, ibid., Vol. 12, No. 3, 1975, p. 441–44.]Google Scholar
Mikon, M. Opération du réseau hydrométrique durant l’hiver. Ressources. Bulletin de la Direction Générale des Eaux, Vol. 7, No. 1, 1976, p. 10–13. [Problem of operating hydrometrical network in winter when rivers may be affected by ice.]Google Scholar
[NAVIGATION UNDER FLOATING ICE.] Navigating under ice. Naval Research Reviews, Vol. 29, No. 5, 1976, p. 7 17. [Note describing study on this problem, named Marginal Ice Zone Pacific (MIZPAC).]Google Scholar
Stolyarova,, G. A. K voprosu o raschele splochennosti 1’dov v Tatarskom prolive [On problems of calculating the concentration of ice in Tatarskiy Zaliv], Dal’nevostochnyy Ordena Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni Nauchno-Issledovatel’skiy Gidrometeorologicheskiy Institut. Trudy, Vyp. 50, 1975, p. 33–33 [Sea ice.]Google Scholar
Trowbridge, R. The Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment (AIDJEX). Naval Research Reviews. Vol. 29, No. 5, 1976, p. 8–17. [Describes development and aims of experiment.]Google Scholar
Tsang,, G. Ice conditions and the proposed containment and removal of spilled oil on St. Clair and Detroit rivers. A report for Operation Preparedness, Oil Spill on St. Clair and Detroit Rivers. Burlington, Ontario, Environment Canada. Inland Waters Directorate. Canada Centre for Inland Waters, 1975. v, 25 p. (Scientific Series, No. 56.) [Study of winter flow and ice conditions on these rivers, probability of winter nil spills, effects of ice on this, and containment and recovery of oil from rivers under winter conditions.)Google Scholar
Wiseman, W.J.jr., Short, A. D, Arctic coastal processes: an overview. Naval Research Reviews, Vol. 29, No. 5, 1976, p. 35–47. [Describes effects of ice freeze-up and break-up, and of storm surges in summer.]Google Scholar
Yakunin, L.P. Vliyaniye sloka r. Amur na ledoobrazovaniye v Amurskom limane [Influence of the river Amur current on ice formation in the Amur lagoon ]. Dal’nevostochnyy Ordena Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni Namhno-Issledovatel’skiy Gidrometeorologicheskiy Institut. Trudy, Vyp. ?50, 1975. p. 66–70. [Study based on data obtained 1938-68.]Google Scholar

Glacial Geology

Armando, E., Ricerchc sull’cvoluzionc del clima e dell’ambiente durante il Quaternario nel settore delle Alpi occidentali italiane. 5. La formazione di torbiera prcsso la fronte attuale del Ghiacciaio del Rutor (Valie d’Aosta): suo significato per la ricosiruzione degli ambienti naturali del Piemonte nell’Olocenc medio e superiore, [by]Armando, E. , Charrier, G., Peretti, L. [and] Piovano, G.. Bollettino del Comitato Glacio-logico Italiano, Ser. 2, No. 23, 1975, p. 7–25. [Study of peat lake deposit in end moraine of this Italian glacier from palynological and palaeoglaciological points of view. English abstract, p. 7–8.]|Google Scholar
Bibus, E. Geomorphologische Untersuchungen zur Hang- und Talentwicklung im zentralen West-Spitzbergen. Polarforschung, Jahrg. 45, Nr. 2, 1975, p. 102–19. [Discusses development of valleys in central Spitsbergen.]Google Scholar
Clacue, J.J. Quadra Sand and its relation to the late Wisconsin glaciation of southwest British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 6, 1976, p. 803–15. [Quadra Sand is sediment deposited in response to climatic deterioration ai onset of Fraser glaciation, suggesting this occurred before 28 800 B.P.]Google Scholar
Crofts, R.S. Scenery of Britain. Rocks in the highland and island mists. Geographical Magazine, Vol. 48, No. 10, 1976, p. 602–10. [Describes geology of northern Scotland, effects of glacial erosion and deposition, and modifications caused by natural and man-induced present-day landforming processes.]Google Scholar
Doake, C.S.M. Land beneath the Antarctic ice. Geographical Magazine, Vol. 48, No. 11, 1976, p. 670–74. [Short description of how topography of Antarctica is studied by means of radio-echo sounding.]Google Scholar
England, J. Postglacial isobases and uplift curves from the Canadian and Greenland high Arctic. Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1976, p. 61–78. [Plots pattern of post-glacial uplift between north-eastern Ellesmere Island and north-western Greenland on basis of recent field work.]Google Scholar
Glazyrin, G.E. The formation of ablation moraines as a function of the climatological environment. [Union Géodésiquc. . . . ] Symposium. Neiges el glaces….1971, [1975], p. 106–10. [Presents and describes simple mathematical model of formation of ablation moraine, which was tested on Ayutor-2 glacier, western Tyan’-Shan’, U.S.S.R.]Google Scholar
Graf, W.L. Cirques as glacier locations. Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 8, No. I, 1976, p. 79–90. [Attempts to identify significant characteristics of geormorphology of cirques which help to preserve glaciers and to specify exact differences between glacierized and empty cirques.]Google Scholar
Harrison, J.E. Evolution of a landscape: the Quaternary period in Waterton Lakes National Park. Canada. Geological Survey. Miscellaneous Report 26, 1976, [iv], 33 p. [Describes glacial history of this area in southwestern Alberta, Canada.]Google Scholar
Ives, J.D. Glacial history and palaeoecology of northwestern Nouveau-Québec and northern Labrador, [by] Ives, J.D., Niois, H., Short, S. Arctic, Vol. 29, No. 1, 1976, p. 48–52. [Describes preliminary field observations for future work on Holocene climatic and ecological history.]Google Scholar
Johnson, C.B. Characteristics and mechanics of formation of glacial arcuate abrasion cracks. Dissertation Abstracts International, B, Vol. 36, No. 11, 1976, p. 5476-B. [Discusses different forms of cracks and reasons for their development. Abstract of Ph.thesis, D., Pennsylvania State University, 1975. University Microfilms order No. 76-10738.]Google Scholar
King, L.H. Relict iceberg furrows on the Laurentian Channel and western Grand Banks. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 8, 1976, p. 108292. [Revealed by side-scan sonar survey. Probably of late Pleistocene age.]Google Scholar
Kolp, O. Submarine Uferterrassen der südlichen Ost- und Nordsee als Marken des holozänen Meeresanstiegs und der Überflutungsphasen der Ostsee. Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen, Jahrg. 120, Quarlalsht, 1, 1976, p. 1–23. [Evolution of Baltic Sea.]Google Scholar
KÜttel,, M. Zum alpinen spät- und frühen Postglazial: das Profil Obcrgurbs (1 910 m) im Diemtigtal, Berner Oberland, Schweiz. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 207–16. [Significance of sediments obtained by drilling on mountains above Gurbs valley, Switzerland, discussed in relation to chronology of alpine late glacial period and of ice retreat in valley.]Google Scholar
Lundqvist, J. Lagerbäck,, R. The Pärve fault: a late-glacial fault in the Precambrian of Swedish Lapland. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar, Vol. 98, Pt. 1, No. 564, 1976, p. 45–51. [Study of fault, about 150 km long, shows movement occurred in late glacial time and was associated with deglaciation.]Google Scholar
Sachs, H.M. Evidence for the role of oceans in climatic change; tests of Weyl’s theory of ice ages. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 81, No. 18, 1976, p. 3141–50. [Palaeooceanographic evidence supports some aspects of Weyl’s theory, but also shows inadequacy of mechanism for climatic change suggested by Weyl.]Google Scholar
StÄblein,, G. Eisrandlagen und Küstenentwicklung in West-Grönland. Polarforschung, Jahrg. 45, Nr. 2, 1975. p. 71–86. [Describes coastal forms resulting from Holocene deglaciation of west Greenland and, from these, analyses glacial eustasy and isostasy of region.]Google Scholar
Wankiewicz, P. Formation of ice-moulded features. Albertan Geographer, No. 12, 1976, p. 61–70. [Reviews major theories, particularly those dealing with formation of ice-moulded streamlined features.]Google Scholar

Frost Action On Rocks And Soil. Frozen Ground. Permafrost

French, H.M. Current field measurements concerning the nature and rate of periglacial processes. Results of a survey sponsored by I.G.U. Co-Ordinating Committee for Periglacial Research. Biuletyn Peryglacjalny, No. 25, 1976, p. 79–91. [Information sought as to process and/or phenomenon being investigated, location and duration of study, methods used, and publications arising from research.]Google Scholar
Gonzalez, M.A. Corte, A.E. Pleistocene geocryogenie structures at 38° S.L., 60° W. and 2oo m above sea level, Gonzalez Chavez, Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Biuletyn Peryglacjalny, No. 25, 1976, p. 23–33. [Describes ice wedge casts and gelifluction covers.]Google Scholar
Heidmann, L.J. Frost heaving of tree seedlings: a literature review of causes and possible control. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. Forest Service. General Technical Report RM-21, 1976, 10 p. [Describes phenomenon. Suggested methods of control-involve lowering freezing point of soil water or restricting water flow through soil to freezing front.]Google Scholar
Kettle, R.J. Williams, R.I. T. Frost heave and heaving pressure measurements in colliery shales. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1976, p. 127 38. [Describes technique for measuring pressure generated when heaving is restrained in frozen soil, freezing being achieved by thermoelectric cooling.]Google Scholar
Mackay, J.R. Mackay,, D. K. Cryostatie pressures in nonsorted circles (mud hummocks), Inuvik. Northwest Territories. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 7, 1976, p. 889–97. [Observations show cryostatic pressures during freeze-back period are no more important than thaw displacement in summer,]Google Scholar
Mottersiiead, D.N. Quantitative aspects of periglacial slope deposits in southwest England. Biuletyn Peryglacjalny, No. 25, 1976, p. 35–57. [Sediment characteristics described.]Google Scholar
Ostf.rkamp,, T. A conceptual model of offshore permafrost. Northern Engineer, Vol. 7, No, 4, 1975-76, p. 5–10. [Develops model and discusses implications.]Google Scholar
Ptssakt, A. French, H. M. Pingo investigations, north-central Banks Island, Canadian Arctic. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 7, 1976, p. 937–46. [Describes closed-system pingos, differing from classic closed-system examples in terms of irregularity of form and geomorphic settings.]Google Scholar
Raynal, R. Cailleux, A. Propositions pour une recherche sur la regionalité des phénomènes périglaeiaires. Biuletyn Peryglacjalny, No. 25, 1976, p, 93-98.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M. Permafrost isotope ratios and chronology ?f three cores from Antarctica, [by] Stuiver, M. Yang, In Che, Denton, G.H.,Nature, Vol. 261, No. 5561, 1976, p. 547–50. [Permafrost sediments were deposited in marine (0-85 m deep) and fresh-water (100-125 m deep) environments in Harbor Bay, Ross Ice Shelf. Oxygen isotope ratios suggest extension of ice shelf predates 150 000 B.P, whereas radiocarbon date of its retreat is about 5 800 B.P.]Google Scholar
Thornton, D.E. Steady-state and quasi-static thermal results for bare and insulated pipes in permafrost. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1976, p. 161–71. [Presents results describing gross features of transient and steady-state thermal regime, and in particular the thaw boundary, around both non-insulated and insulated pipelines in permafrost.]Google Scholar
Van everdingen, R.O. Geocryological terminology. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 6, 1976, p. 862–67. [Discusses use of word “frozen”, and suggests new term “cryotic" would be helpful.]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vincent, P.J. Some periglacial deposits near Aberystwyth, Wales, as seen with a scanning electron microscope. Biuletyn Peryglacjalny, No. 25, 1976, p. 59–64. [Examination of quartz grain surface textures indicates deposits cannot be regarded solely as products of periglacial slope activity; grains in Blue Head deposit have surface texture attributable to glacial abrasion.]Google Scholar
White, S.E. IS frost action really only hydration shattering? A review. Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1976, p. 1–6. [Discusses efficacy of pressure of adsorbed water (hydration) as wedging process in splitting rocks.]Google Scholar

Meteorological And Climatological Glaciology

Boyd, D.W. Normal freezing and thawing degree-days from normal monthly temperatures. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1976, p. 176–80. [Presents method of computation and results of its application to Canadian data.]Google Scholar
Browning, K.A. Foote, G.B. Airflow and hail growth in supercell storms and some implications for hail suppression. Qtiarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 102, No. 433, 1976 p.499-533. [Observations during such a storm in Colorado confirm earlier ideas on hail growth and make seeding possibly a dangerous method of hail suppression.]Google Scholar
Ciusnell, R.F. Latham, J. Ice particle multiplication in cumulus clouds. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 102, No. 431, 1976, p. 133–56. [Theory developed consistent with field observations. Two main processes in many cases are splinter production by riming and capture of splinters by drops. Comments by Mason, B.J., ibid., Vol. 102, No. 433, 1976, p. 716–716, with reply by authors, p. 718–19.]Google Scholar
Cooley, J.G. Mccann, S.B. An exceptional storm and its effects in the Canadian high Arctic. Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 8, No. I, 1976, p. 105–10. [Describes and discusses heavy rainfall over Queen Elizabeth Islands, 21-23 July 1973 Possible that it catalysed jökulhlaup which issued from ice-dammed lake 10 days later.]Google Scholar
Dye, J.E. Use of a sailplane to measure microphysical effects of silver iodide seeding in cumulus clouds, [by] Dye, J.E., Langer, G., Toutenhoofd, V., Cannon, T.W.,Knight, C.A.. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 15, No. 3, 1976, p. 364.-74. [Correlation of presence of ice particles with presence of AgI.]Google Scholar
Hobbs, P.V. Atkinson, D.G. The concentrations of ice particles in orographie clouds and cyclonic storms over the Cascade Mountains. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 33, No. 7, 1976, p. 1362–74. [Airborne measurements and discussion of possible explanations for high particle concentrations sometimes found.]Google Scholar
Jouzel, J. Isotopic study of hail, [by] Jouzel, J., Merlivat, L., Roth, E.. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 80, No. 36, 1975, p. 5015–30. [Determination of T and D in hailstones and interpretation in terms of mode of formation.]Google Scholar
Knutson, E.O. Aerosol collection by snow and ice crystals, [by] Knutson, K.O., Sood, S.K.,Stockham, j.D..Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 10, No. 5, 1976, p. 395–402. [Measurement of scavenging efficiencies.]Google Scholar
Krenke, A.N. Climatic conditions of present-day glaciation in Soviet Central Asia. [Union Géodésique...] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 30–41.Google Scholar
Martin, S. Corrélation bilans de masse annuels — facteurs météorologiques dans les Grandes Rousses. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, Bd. 10, 1974, p. 89–100. [Study of meteorological factors affecting annual balance of Saint-Sorlin and Sarennes glaciers, France, over 16 years.]Google Scholar
Martner, B.E. Battan, L.J. Calculations of Doppler radar velocity spectrum parameters for a mixture of rain and hail. Journal of Applied Meteorology, Vol. 15, No. 5, 1976, p. 491–98. [Calculations for dry and wet ice spheres and rain with hail.]Google Scholar
Mason, B.J. In reply to a critique ?f precipitation theories of thunderstorm electrification by Moore, C.B.. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 102, No. 431, 1976, p. 219–25. [Discussion of criticism of theory of thunderstorm electricity as due to falling hail made by Moore at fifth International Conference of Atmospheric Electricity, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, 1974, and reply by Moore, p. 225–40.]Google Scholar
Mason, B.J. Production of ice crystals by riming in slightly supercooled cumulus. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 101, No. 429, 1975, p. 675–79. [Suggests that splinters released during growth ?Γ soft hail as observed in the laboratory may account for ice crystal concentrations in clouds. Comments by Chisnell, R.F.,Latham, J., ibid., Vol. 102, No. 433, 1976, p. 713–713 and by Mossop, S.C., p. 715–715, with reply by Mason, p. 716–18.]Google Scholar
Messerli, B.. Die Schwankungen des Unteren Grindelwaldgletschers seit dem Mittelalter. Ein interdisziplinärer Beitrag zur Klimageschichte, von Messerli, B. [and 6 others]. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, Bd. 11, Ht. 1, 1975, p. 3–110. [Collection of articles relating fluctuations of lower Grindel-wald glacier, Switzerland, during Middle Ages to its present history and climate. Contents include: Messerli, B., “Einleitung und Problemstellung”, p. 11; Zumb, H.J.ühl, “Die Schwankungen des Unteren Grindelwaldgletschers in den historischen Bild-und Schriftquellen des 12. bis 19. Jahrhunderts”, p. 12–12; M, Zurbuchen, “Topographischer Plan des Gletschervorfcldes im Massstab 1: 2000”, p. 51–51; Kienholz, H., “Versuch einer relativen Altersbestimmung mit HilTe von Aktivitätsgradmessungen des ’Freien Eisens’”, p. 53–53; Oeschger, H., “Die C 14-Datierung im Gletschervorfeld”. p. 61-C2; Ammann, K.. “Pollenanalytische und vegetationskundliche Untersuchungen im Vorfeld”, p. 63 73; C. Pfister, “Die Schwankungen des Unteren Griridelwaldglctschers im Vergleich mit historischen YVittcrungsbeobachtungen und Messungen”, p. 74–74; Messerli, B., “Methoden und Ergebnisse — ihre Aussagen und ihre Bedeutung”, p. 91–94. Papers have abstracts in English, p. 7–7, and French, p. 5–7.]Google Scholar
Mossop, S.C. Production of secondary ice particles during the growth of graupel by riming. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Vol. 102, No. 431, 1976, p. 45–57. [Experiments show this happens between —3 and —8°C. Possible mechanisms discussed.]Google Scholar
Orheim, O. Past and present mass balance variations and climate at Deception Island, South Shetland Islands. Antarctica. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 161–80. [Discusses climate of island, mass and heat balances of glacier situated far from recent volcanic activity, mass balance variations on island from 1750 to present, and climatic inferences based on these variations.]Google Scholar
Parkin, D.W. Solar constant during a glaciation. Nature, Vol. 260, No. 5546, 1976, p. 28–30. [Radiation curves used to estimate Earth’s radiation and heat budget with a glacial climate on assumption that solar luminosity variations are prime cause of climatic cycles.]Google Scholar

Snow

Akitaya, E. Studies on depth hoar. [Union Géodésique... ] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 42–42 [Describes laboratory investigations on growth of depth hoar. Discussion, p. 48.]Google Scholar
Barabash, V.YE., Dyunin,, A, K., ed. Sneg i lamny Sakhalina; sbornik. slatey [Snow and avalanches in Sakhalin; collected articles. Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 1975. [184] p. [Includes articles on seasonal distribution of snow, conditions leading to avalanche formation and protective measures. against avalanches.]Google Scholar
Bois, P. Multivariate data analysis as a tool for day-by-day avalanche forecast, [by] Bois, P. , Obled, C.,Good, W.. [Union Géodésique.... ]Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975]) p. 391–403.[Describes work in progress for the Davos region of Switzerland. Discussion, p. 403.]Google Scholar
Borovikova, L.N.,Denisov, YU.M. The consideration ?f glacial feed in the runoff of mountain rivers. [Union Géodésique, ...] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975] p. 225–28. [Model developed which describes distribution of water-equivalent of snow as function of altitude, and hence elevation of seasonal.snow-line and volume of snow for any day. Method suggested for computing contribution of glacial water to total income.]Google Scholar
Bovis, M.J. Mears, A.I. Statistical prediction of snow avalanche runout from terrain variables in Colorado. Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1976, p. 115–20. [Variables used were starting zone area (which accounted for 65% of variation in run-out distance) and longitudinal gradients of avalanche track and of run-out zone (which together accounted for less than 2%.)]Google Scholar
Bradley, C.C. St Lawrence,, W. F. Kaiser effect in snow. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1075], p. 147–54. (Laboratory tests indicate that snow exhibits memory of previous stress. Discussion, p. 154.]Google Scholar
Brown,, C B. Evans,, R. J.]. Effect of glide and creep 011 rigid obstacles. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige... 1974 [1975], p. 407–407, [Concerned with development of element which has facility of conforming to snow-pack kinematics in neutral zones and boundary conditions on rigid obstacles. Once developed and included in finite element solution scheme, forces on rigid obstacles and regimes of creep and glide may be predicted. Discussion, p. 414.] Google Scholar
Brown, R.L. Lang, T.E. On the fracture properties of snow. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige. … 1974 [1975], p. 196–207. [Investigates thermodynamics associated with fracture by employing principles of continuum thermodynamics.)Google Scholar
Camp, P.R. Charge, morphology, and/>H of natural snow. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 81, No. 9, 1976, p.1589-92. [Presents results of sea-level observations of 11 storms over 6 year period; particles were sorted by electrostatic deflection so that flakes gathered over short time interval could be observed at once.]Google Scholar
Cerutti, A.V. Le condizioni termometriche e nivometriche del periodo 1936-70 sul versante meridionale del Monte Bianco e le variazioni di volume delle precipitazioni nevose nei bacini glaciali. Bollettino del Comitato Glaciologico Italiano, Ser. 2, No. 23,. 1975, p. 31–50. [Presents observations on temperature and snow conditions between 1936 and 1970 on southern slope of Mont Blanc, and discusses variations in volume of snow precipitated in the glacier basins. French abstract, p. 31–32.]Google Scholar
Golbeck, S.C. Grain and bond growth in wet snow. [Union Géodésique...] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 51–61. [Distinguishes between pendular and funicular conditions of saturation. Discussion, p. 60–61.]Google Scholar
Denisov, Y.M. Trofimova, E.B. A mathematical model representing snow as a multiphase, medium. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 292. [Abstract.]Google Scholar
Dyunin, A.K. The new results in mechanics of snow storms. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 181. [Abstract. Discusses dynamic and diffusion theories of snow-storms.]Google Scholar
Cow, A.J. Time-temperature dependence of sintering in perennial isothermal snowpacks. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 25–41. [Reviews results of recent investigations on sintering, occurring over protracted periods of time in perennial polar snow-packs (Antarctica and Greenland). Discussion, p. 41.]Google Scholar
Grigoryan, S.S. Mechanics of snow avalanches. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 355–355 [Reviews current state of knowledge, with particular reference to studies carried out at Moscow University. Discussion, p. 367–68.]Google Scholar
Grigoryan, S.S. Urumbayev, N.A. O prirode lavinoy vozdushnoy volny [On the nature of avalanche air-waves]. Institut Mekhaniki MGU. Nauchnyye Trudy, No. 42, 1975, p. 74–83. [Data from a number of years in the pre-Elbrus region used to explain the nature of the “enigmatic" appearance of air-waves in association with avalanches.|Google Scholar
Gubler, H.U. On the Rammsonde hardness equations. [Union Géodésique.... ] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 110–21. [Describes modifications and improvement. Discussion, p. 120–21.]Google Scholar
Harrison, H. Computer simulation of snowflake size distribution and radar Doppler-velocities, [by] Harrison, H., Simon, B.,Weiss, R.. (In 16th Radar Meteorology Conference. Sponsored by the American’Meteorological Society, April 22-24, 1975, Houston, Texas. Boston, American Meteorological Society, [1975], p. 447–50.) [Presents numerical model constructed to simulate principal effects of snow-flake accretion and radar backscatter and compares with measurements of snowfall Doppler spectra from vertically pointing X-band radar.]Google Scholar
Higuchi, K. On the relation between mass balance of perennial snow patches and climatic variation in central Japan. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium, Neiges et glaces … 1971 [1975], p. 141–43. [Can be expected from climatic variation during recent 40 years that perennial snow-patches in northern part of central Japan have tendency to expand as secular variation.]Google Scholar
Isayfnko, E.P. Snow avalanche impact pressure on an obstacle. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige... 1974 [ 1975], p. 433 40. [Discussion, p. 440.]Google Scholar
Kikuchi, K. Nankyokuten ni furu yuki no monogatari [Snow crystals at the South Pole]. Kyokuchi: Polar News, Vol. 11, No. 1, 1975, p. 31–38. [Describes development of scientific knowledge of deformed snow crystals found in Antarctica.]Google Scholar
Kojima, K. A field experiment on the rate of densification of natural snow layers under low stresses. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 298–308. [Describes field experiment with snow of low densities from 0.1 to 0.3 g cm -3 under stresses less than 15 g cm-2. Discussion, p. 308.]Google Scholar
Kuroiwa, D. Mechanics and structure of snow as a dispersed system. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 3–15. [Reviews work on fundamental structural and intrinsic properties of snow in relation to its mechanical properties. Discussion, p. 14–15.]Google Scholar
Kuroiwa, D. Metamorphism of snow and ice sintering observed by time lapse cine-photomicrography. [Union Géodésique. .. . ] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 82–88. [Observations of snow crystals and grains under alternating temperature gradient. Discussion, p. 88.]Google Scholar
Lang, T.E. Brown, R.L. Stress concentration in sloping snowpack from geometric imperfections. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige…. 1974 [1975], p. 311–311 [Presents results from developed equations on prediction of state of stress and creep in idealized sloping snow slab perturbed by basal layer shear imperfection. Discussion, p. 319–20.]Google Scholar
Langham, E.J. The mechanism of rotting of ice layers within a structured snowpack. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.… 1974 [1975], p. 73–81. [Ice layers that form on surface of snow-pack become part of structure when buried by subsequent snowfalls. Considers mechanism of disintegration in relation to meteorological conditions. Discussion, p. 81.]Google Scholar
Mcclung, D.M. Creep and the snow-earth condition in the seasonal alpine snowpack. [Union Géodésique….] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige... 1974 [1975],p. 236–236 [Deals with creep and glide. Discussion, p, 247-48.]Google Scholar
Martinec, J. Quervain, M. R. DE. The effect of snow displacement by avalanches on snow melt and runoff. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p. 364–77. [Demonstrates different aspects of problem by means of simple model. Investigates real avalanche to check connections established in model and demonstrate quantitatively complications involved in real event.]Google Scholar
Martinec, J. New insights into the run-off mechanism by environmental isotopes, [by] Martinec, J., Siegenthaler, U., Oeschger, H.,Tongiorgi, E, .Isotope techniques in graundwaler hydrology, 1974. Proceedings of a symposium organized by the International Atomic Energy Agency and held in Vienna, 11-15 March 1974. Vienna. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vol. I, 1974, p. 129–129 [T and l8O used to study subsurface flow and ground-water recharge in a watershed dominated by snow-melt.]Google Scholar
Matviyenko, V.S. Gerber, A.R. The effect of explosions on a snow cover. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 341 [Abstract.]Google Scholar
Mellor, M. A review of basic snow mechanics. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 251–251 [Includes sections on deformation, failure and boundary friction.]Google Scholar
Moser, H. Stichler, W. Deuterium and oxygen-18 contents as an index of the properlies of snow covers. [Union Géodésique.... ] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 122–35. [On the basis of field and laboratory observations, it is suggested how and whereby these contents change in snow cover in course of time. Discussion, p. 135.]Google Scholar
Moskalev, Y.D. On the origin of wind blasts and air jets caused by the motion of avalanches. [Union Géodésique.... ] Symposium. Mécanique de k neige.... 1974 [1975]. p 381. [Abstract.]Google Scholar
Nakamura, T. Yamada,, Y. Yunesuko e no Nippon no saigai nadare hokoku ni tsuite [Japanese report of destructive avalanches to UNESCO]. Seppyō, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1975, p. 151–151- [Summarizes report 10 UNESCO of avalanche disasters in Japan, 1970-74.] Google Scholar
Nishio, F. Kusunoki, K. Mizuho kōgen no kiban hyonien chikci oyobi sekisetsu no taiseki ni tsuite [On the bedrock, surface formation and snow accumulation in the Mizuho plateau]. Nankyoku Shiryō: Antarctic Record, [No.] 54, 1975, p. 42–48. [Presents and comments upon spectral analyses of net snow accumulation, surface and bedrock profiles along 40° E. from Syowa station to South Pole. English summary, p. 42.]Google Scholar
Pkrla, R.I. Stress and fracture of snow slabs. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige... 1974’ [1975] p.208–21. [Detailed study of slab avalanches. Discussion, p. 220–21.]Google Scholar
Price, A.G. Snowmelt runoff processes in a subarctic area. Dissertation Abstracts International, B, Vol. 36, No. 10, 1976, p. 4915-B. [Physical processes in daily snow-melt are modelled theoretically and predictions compared with hydrographe. Abstract of Ph.D. thesis, McGill University, Montreal, 1975. Microfiche copies obtainable from National Library of Canada, Ottawa.]Google Scholar
Rachner, M. A working model for investigation of snow supply. [Union Géodésique.... ] Symposium. Neiges et glaces... . 1971 [1975], p. 341–46. [Presents results of investigation to determine water reserves of snow cover, based on data obtained from Selke/Harz area, East Germany.]Google Scholar
Runich, A.V. Zalikhanov, M. CH. Structure and mechanical properties of avalanche snow. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 180. [Abstract. Discusses characteristic values of thickness and density of snow deposits of non-powder avalanches.]Google Scholar
Saeki, M. Hyōsō-yukinadare ni yoru sugi-bayashi no higai [Damage of Japanese cedar forest by surface avalanche], [By] Saeki, M., Watanabe, S.,Özeki., Y. Seppyō, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1975, p. 143–143-[Describes damage caused to 50-year-old forest in Niigata prefecture, Japan, by avalanche in January 1974 English summary, p. 147,].Google Scholar
St lawrence, W.F. Bradley, , C.C. The deformation of snow in terms of a structural mechanism. [Union Géodésique.... ] Symposia». Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 155–70. [Develops one-dimensional theory to describe deformation of snow, which considers process in terms of inter- and intragranular deformations. Theory rests heavily upon use of acoustic emission data. Discussion, p. 168–70.]Google Scholar
SaitÖ, T., Tamura,, T. Neppan ni yoru kōsetsu-kyōdo no renzoku kenshutsu hō [Methods of continuous detection of the intensity of snowfall by heated plates]. Seppyō, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1975, p. 122–30. [One method based on measurement of temperature change on heated plate caused by snowfall when supply of heat is constant; other based on measurement of changing amount of supplied heat flow when temperature of plates regulated to maintain constant low value. English summary, p. 130.]Google Scholar
Salm, B. A constitutive equation for creeping snow. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de ta neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 222–35. [Establishes constitutive equation for creeping snow in a quasistationary state, based on principle of least irreversible force.]Google Scholar
Schaerer, P.A. Friction coefficients and speed of flowing avalanches. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 425–32. [Observations made of speed of avalanches by timing advance of front over section of track covered with deep snow. Discussion, p. 431–32.]Google Scholar
Schaerer, P.A. Relation between the mass of avalanches and characteristics of terrain at Rogers Pass, B.C., Canada. [Union Géodésique.... ] Symposium. Neiges et glaces.... 1971 [1975], p 378–80. [Shows that 10- and 30-year maximum avalanche occurring at site depends on theoretical maximum amount of snow that can accumulate in catchment area. Slope of terrain and size of individual starting zones has little influence.]Google Scholar
Sekioka, M. Yuhara, K. Fulta yuki no ichiriyōrei—chinetsu chiiki ni okeru hyōmen-hōncisuryō no sokutei [An example of utilization of snowfall—estimation of surface heat discharge from geothcrmal fields], Seppyō, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1975, p. 131–39. [Confirms usefulness of method. English summary, p. 139.] Google Scholar
Shoda, M. On the extension of Haefeli’s one-dimensional theory of stress distribution within a sloping snow cover. [Union Géodésique.... ] Symposium. Mécanique de ta neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 415–24. [Discussion, p. 424.]Google Scholar
Simonftta, C. L’andamento del ciclo nivale in Piemonte negli inverni 1964-1965 e 1070-1971. Ballettina del Comitato Glacialogico Italiano, Ser. 2, No. 23, 1975, p. 101–18. [Compares snowfalls and permanence of snow cover during these two winters in Piedmont, Italy.]Google Scholar
Smith, F.W. Curtis, J.O. Stress analysis and failure prediction in avalanche snowpacks. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 332–40. [Presents results of finite element stress analyses of five-layered avalanche snow-pack, observed at Berthoud Pass, Colorado, U.S.A. Discussion, p. 339–40.]Google Scholar
Stkuempler,, A. W. Trace metals in rain and snow during 1973 at Chadron, Nevada. Atmospheric Environment. Vol. 10, No. 1, 1970, p, 33–37. [Atomic absorption spectroscopy used to measure metallic ton concentrations before new coal-fired power plants began operation.]Google Scholar
Takeuchi, M. Fubukiryō to hisetsuryō suichoku bunpu [A study of drift snow transport]. [By]Takeuchi, M. Ishimoto, K. Nohara, .T. Seppyō, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1975, p. 114–21. [Study of general theory and experimental formulae of transport of drifting snow by measuring vertical distribution between surface and height of 30 cm. English summary, p. 120–21.]Google Scholar
Theakston,, F. H. Snow control by model techniques. [Union Géodésique....] Symposium. Mécanique de la neige.... 1974 [1975], p. 382–90. [In an open channel water flume, water represents wind currents and silica sand represents snow. Using this model, snow drifting of airports, highways, town sites and railways has been studied, and avalanches investigated. Discussion, p. 389–90.]Google Scholar
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