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Gongylonema infection of wild mammals in Japan and Sardinia (Italy)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

A. Setsuda ,
A. Varcasia ,
A. Scala ,
S. Ozawa ,
M. Yokoyama ,
H. Torii ,
K. Suzuki ,
Y. Kaneshiro ,
A. Corda  and
G. Dessì
...Show all authors
A. Setsuda
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
A. Varcasia
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
A. Scala
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
S. Ozawa
Affiliation:
Oshima Park Station, Tokyo Metoropolian Oshima Island Branch Office, 2 Fukuju, Senzu, Oshima-machi, Tokyo 100-0103, Japan
M. Yokoyama
Affiliation:
Nature and Environment Division, Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Hyogo, 940 Sawano, Aogaki-cho, Tanba, Hyogo 669-3842, Japan
H. Torii
Affiliation:
Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara 630-8528, Japan
K. Suzuki
Affiliation:
Hikiiwa Park Center, 1629 Inari-cho, Tanabe, Wakayama 646-0051, Japan
Y. Kaneshiro
Affiliation:
NPO Shikoku Institute of Natural History, 470-1 Shimobu-otsu, Susaki, Kochi 785-0023, Japan
A. Corda
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
G. Dessì
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
C. Tamponi
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Sardinia, Italy
P.A. Cabras
Affiliation:
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Tortolì, Via Aresu 2, 08048 Tortolì, Ogliastra, Sardinia, Italy
H. Sato*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
*
Author for correspondence: H. Sato, E-mail: sato7dp4@yamaguchi-u.ac.jp
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Abstract

The gullet worms, classical Gongylonema pulchrum and newly differentiated Gongylonema nepalensis, are prevalent in various mammals in Japan and Sardinia, Italy, respectively. The former species is cosmopolitan in distribution, dwelling in the mucosa of the upper digestive tract of a variety of domestic and wild mammals, and also humans. At present, the geographical distribution of G. nepalensis is known in Nepal and Sardinia, with the nematode having been recorded from the oesophagus of water buffaloes (Nepal), cattle, sheep, goats and wild mouflon (Sardinia). To clarify their natural transmission cycles among domestic and wild mammals, the present study analysed the ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1) of worms of various origins: G. pulchrum worms from sika deer, wild boars, Japanese macaques, and feral alien Reeves's muntjacs in Japan, and G. nepalensis worms from a red fox and a wild boar in Sardinia. Although the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA and partial cox1 nucleotide sequences of G. pulchrum from native wild mammals in Japan were distinct from those of the worms in cattle, the worms from feral alien Reeves's muntjacs showed the cattle-type ITS genotype and cox1 cattle-I and II haplotypes. The rDNA and cox1 nucleotide sequences of G. nepalensis from a red fox in Sardinia were almost identical to those of the worms from domestic and wild ruminants on the island. The ecological interaction between domestic and wild mammals and their susceptibility to different Gongylonema spp. must be considered when trying to elucidate this spirurid's transmission dynamics in nature.

Keywords

cox1Gongylonema nepalensisGongylonema pulchrumJapanrDNASardiniatransmission cycle
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 94 , 2020 , e13
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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