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Capsicum frutescens and Citrus limon: a new take on therapy against experimental trichinellosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 May 2021

Marwa Ahmed Mohamed Salama ,
Nahed E. Mostafa ,
Naglaa Fathy Abd El-Aal ,
Eman M. Mostafa ,
Samar Kamel Hammad ,
Rasha Adel  and
Howayda Said Fouad Moawad Open the ORCID record for Howayda Said Fouad Moawad [Opens in a new window]
Marwa Ahmed Mohamed Salama
Affiliation:
Department of Medical parasitology, Faculty of medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig44159, Egypt
Nahed E. Mostafa
Affiliation:
Department of Medical parasitology, Faculty of medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig44159, Egypt
Naglaa Fathy Abd El-Aal
Affiliation:
Department of Medical parasitology, Faculty of medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig44159, Egypt
Eman M. Mostafa
Affiliation:
Department of Medical parasitology, Faculty of medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig44159, Egypt
Samar Kamel Hammad
Affiliation:
Department of Medical parasitology, Faculty of medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig44159, Egypt
Rasha Adel
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig44159, Egypt
Howayda Said Fouad Moawad*
Affiliation:
Department of Medical parasitology, Faculty of medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig44159, Egypt
*
Author for correspondence:Howayda Said Fouad Moawad, E-mail: drhowaydasaid@gmail.com
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Abstract

Trichinellosis is a zoonotic disease that endangers human health and can lead to death. Restricted absorption and poor results of conventional therapies demand new effective natural remedies to treat both enteral and parenteral trichinellosis. This study assessed the antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory effects of Citrus limon and Capsicum frutescens on murine trichinellosis and compared them with those of albendazole and prednisolone, which are conventionally used to treat trichinellosis. Overall, 50 Swiss albino male mice were divided into five groups, with ten mice in each group: negative control, positive control, albendazole combined with prednisolone, C. limon, and C. frutescens. Mice were sacrificed 7 and 35 days after infection, for intestinal and muscular phase analyses. Drug efficacies were parasitologically, biochemically, histopathologically and ultrastructurally assessed. Our results demonstrated the efficacy of C. frutescens and C. limon extracts as antiparasitic agents, showing a substantial decrease in adult and larval counts. Moreover, both extracts had the ability to decrease serum tumour necrosis factor-α levels during the intestinal and muscular phases. In addition to the improved histopathological changes in the small intestine and muscles, the destructive effects on adults and larvae were ultrastructurally evident on transmission electron microscopy. In conclusion, C. frutescens and C. limon extracts are promising remedies for the treatment of experimental trichinellosis, particularly, the C. frutescens extract.

Keywords

murine trichinellosiscitrus limoncapsicum frutescensplant extractstransmission electron microscopyTNF-α
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 95 , 2021 , e26
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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