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Epidemiology of alveolar echinococcosis in southern Cantal, Auvergne region, France

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2024

J.-F. Magnaval ,
C. Boucher ,
B. Morassin ,
F. Raoul ,
F. Raoul ,
C. Duranton ,
P. Jacquiet ,
P. Giraudoux ,
D.A. Vuitton  and
R. Piarroux
J.-F. Magnaval*
Affiliation:
Service de Parasitologie, CHU Rangueil, 31059, Toulouse, 9, France
C. Boucher
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, 23 chemin des Capelles, 31073, Toulouse, France
B. Morassin
Affiliation:
Service de Parasitologie, CHU Rangueil, 31059, Toulouse, 9, France
F. Raoul
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biologie Environnementale, EA3194 u.s.c. INRA, Université de Franche-Comté, Place Leclerc, 25030, Besançon, France WHO Collaborating Center for Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcoses, 25000, Besançon, France
F. Raoul
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biologie Environnementale, EA3194 u.s.c. INRA, Université de Franche-Comté, Place Leclerc, 25030, Besançon, France WHO Collaborating Center for Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcoses, 25000, Besançon, France
C. Duranton
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, 23 chemin des Capelles, 31073, Toulouse, France
P. Jacquiet
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, 23 chemin des Capelles, 31073, Toulouse, France
P. Giraudoux
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biologie Environnementale, EA3194 u.s.c. INRA, Université de Franche-Comté, Place Leclerc, 25030, Besançon, France WHO Collaborating Center for Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcoses, 25000, Besançon, France
D.A. Vuitton
Affiliation:
WHO Collaborating Center for Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcoses, 25000, Besançon, France
R. Piarroux
Affiliation:
Service de Parasitologie, CHU Jean-Minjoz, 25000, Besançon, France WHO Collaborating Center for Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcoses, 25000, Besançon, France
*
*Fax: 33 5 61 14 59 72, Email , magnaval@cict.fr
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Abstract

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Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a helminth zoonosis which is encountered only in the northern hemisphere. In central France, the Auvergne region represents the most western and southern extension of this helminthiasis. In 1999, a human case of AE was diagnosed in the southern part of the Cantal department, where AE was supposed absent, and an epidemiological survey was subsequently carried out. The transmission of the zoonosis in the sylvatic and peridomestic definitive hosts was studied, as well as that in the rodent and human intermediate hosts. Eleven red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were shot, and 50 fox faecal deposits were collected. Twelve farm dogs had their faeces taken by rectal touch, and four were checked after arecoline purgation. Optical detection of Echinococcus multilocularis worms was achieved on fox intestines after scraping, and also on dog stools after arecoline therapy. Coproantigen ELISA assay was performed for the 11 scraping products, for the 50 fox faeces, and for the 12 dog faecal samples. No adult AE agent was observed by microscopy, and the ELISA assay yielded positive results in one of 11 fox intestines, one of 50 fox faeces, and 2 of 12 dog faecal samples. Twenty-five small mammals were trapped, of which 19 were Arvicola terrestris water voles. One rodent liver exhibited a hepatic lesion consistent with AE. An epidemiological questionnaire was completed in 85 human volunteers, who were also serologically tested for AE. Only one (the case's husband) exhibited a Western-blotting pattern indicative of a low-grade AE infection. The results of this preliminary study suggested a slow AE extension to the south of Cantal department from the northern focus.

Type
Review Article
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 78 , Issue 3 , September 2004 , pp. 237 - 242
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2004

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